My main aim was to find out if the crater occurred on the planet Earth. Before I started to do this experiment, I did some research to do with crater.

The main crater is highly elongated 220 metres by 110 metres and is actually the product of two craters formed very close together. The other two craters lie very close to the main depression. All the smaller craters lie to the south and west of the main crater. Two large complex crater formations can be found in Canada. They are clear water lakes. Lake Manicouagen is a donut shaped bodies of water, approximately 70 kilometres a cross, with a broad central uplift. It is thought to be 200 million years old. The clear water lakes, north of Quebec, lie next to each other and are about 20-30 kilometres across. The most infamous cosmic impact is thought to have been responsible for the extrication of the Dinosaurs 65 million years old. In 1991 evidence of an impact was found in Argentina. A pilot noticed shallow, teardrop impressions in the modem pampas. Have been caused as two fragments of meteorite broke up close to the ground and skipped of over the Earth's surface.

Hypothesis

I predict that, in this experiment the lead ball drops in the sand and the size of crater would increase. The scientific knowledge which supports this is that the lead ball has Gravitational Potential Energy when it is lifted.

As it falls the gravitational potential energy is converted into kinetic energy. So that it will gain greater force on the sand which will make the bigger crater.

Fair test

The factors, which would affect the size of a crater, are:

* The height that the ball is dropped from

* The size of ball/mass of ball.

I am going to make this experiment as fair as possible, by using a lead ball. But I will be changing the height of the ball dropped in the sand.

Throughout in order to make it a fait test.

Safety

This is an investigation which does not involved with the dangerous apparatus and procedures, safety glasses and gloves are not to be worn. However care was taken in the handle with the sand. I washed my hands after doing the experiment, incase it did have into my eyes.

Stand, clamps and other metals objects was handled with care to avoid any injury. The mess was avoid, by using a tray and cleaned up after the experiment. Throwing the sand around the class must be avoided.

Apparatus

* Clamp :- to hold the ruler in place

* Tub of sand :- part of experiment

* Callipers :- to measure the diameter of the crater

* Lead ball :- part of experiment

* Ruler: - to drop the lead ball from different heights.

* Stand: - to support the clamp.

Diagram

Method

. Set up the apparatus.

2. Lift the ball to height of 10cm and then drop it in the tub of sand.

3. I used a pair of callipers to measure the diameter of the crater and repeat it up to 70cm.

4. I repeat it twice, because I could find an average.

5. Record the results in the table.

Results

Name of object

Height dropped from/cm

Diameter of crater /cm

LEAD BALL 1.9cm diameter

Repeat 1

Repeat 2

Average

0cm

.6

.8

.7

20cm

2.1

2.0

2.05

30cm

2.1

3.3

2.7

40cm

3.2

3.0

3.1

50cm

3.9

3.4

3.5

60cm

3.1

3.5

3.3

70cm

3.2

4.6

3.9

.

Conclusion

I found out that the size of the crater did increase and in my hypothesis I stated to say that the lead ball would increase the size of crater. I knew that from the scientific knowledge that as the lead ball accelerates further on and gains more Gravitational Potential Energy when it lifts. As it falls the gravitational potential energy is converted into kinetic energy. Therefore it gains greater force which will make the bigger crater.

I am pleased; the reason for this was that by looking at my results, you can clear see that the lead ball makes bigger crater.

Evaluation

I am pleased with the results which I have obtained, I feel that the experiment was good even though there were ways which I could improve my method. For instance I could take a more readings or even repeat the experiment in order to make the results accurate. It was useful to see how different factors affect the size of craters on the earth and with further recurrence and ranges of readings this experiment could be improved.

There was a pair of strange results in my graph. This might be due to that I may not pay more attention when I dropped the lead ball from the different heights. If I was asked to do this experiment again, I would use a heavy ball and make sure that I paid more attention when I dropped the heavy ball in the sand, so that I do not have any strange results again.

2. Up the apparatus, showed in the diagram.

. Set

2.

3.

We

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