Since the competition started planning, other businesses wanted to be more coordinated in the different departments within a business.
The advantages of marketing planning are the following
The marketing environment are more analysed and structured.
Objectives and plans supported on developing the company marketing benefit and strengths.
To understand the main marketing trends and the likelihood of future progress.
Thought about rather than unconsidered reaching marketing activities
To focus more on customers and customer orientation.
Included marketing programmes being linked to the whole business
Monitoring is looking at the progress of the objectives and correcting any mistakes involved. Without monitoring it is very likely for the objectives not to be met. It is very expensive to put resources into action so therefore organisations always check how the resources are being used to avoid doing the whole process again.
In the last part of the planning process the results and plans both needs to be evaluated thoroughly. Over time many things can change, the competitor can change, customer likes can change, the environment of the organisation can change and also the business itself can change.
Marketing needs to apply to these changes and deal with it.
Without evaluation the chance will increase that marketing principles, departments and activities will out of date and wouldn’t fit the marketing environment no more.
Development of E-Marketing
Marketing is no longer done in the traditional way as technology is developing and most of the research will be done through the internet as it is faster.
Here are some advantages of using the internet for marketing
Organisations can make surveys on the internet where people can fill them in online and all the details then can be collected very easily. So if you have a survey to find out how many times people have been to the cinema. The information will be collected once they have enough participants.
Also some businesses use Google to get secondary information which is already collected and they can make use of it.
They can also send people emails to people who aren’t their customer but just to get them interested on something. Sometimes there are these gamble websites who send you a message that you will get 5 pound free if you join. You don’t see much information but one sentence will tell enough about what kind of website it actually is.
Also other websites when you such as Amazon if you purchase something from their website, they will send you other products that you might be interested in.
Other methods are also available so for example if you go on a website, the first thing you see is a lot of advertisements. The advertiser pays the website an amount to advertise their product or service on their website. Or also pop ups with an advertisement. Pop ups are not only for advertising but sometimes they collect information about you.
Also when you type in something to search in Google you get a lot of searches but the one highlighted in yellow are sponsored websites.
The use of email can make it easier for customer if they have complaints or comments. They can send a quick email and it will get answered within a few days. Technology keeps developing to allow the customer to make a good choice. Sometimes there are these websites where they sell furniture and next to it you have bar where you can choose what kind of fabric would suit the best. Or to see what kind of furniture fits in with what kind of living room.
When you want to order something from Sainsbury for example, they will ask to sign up, not only to get the address but to get more details and have a record of the customer in the system. Based on the information they can recommend more products to the customer.
Tesco has got loyalty cards (Tesco club card) but not just to please the customer by providing discounts on certain products but also for their own benefit which is collecting data through the club card.
Marketing Mix
Product
The product can be either goods or services and is the key to a business as they are the things that bring money into a business. Apple provides a variation of iPods which can be seen as their goods and the service it provides is ITunes where you they can download the music for their iPod. Together these two elements make up the product.
Price
Price is a specific amount; customers have to pay to be able to purchase the product. Price is very significant as a product needs to have an appropriate price that is worth the product. You might go into Curry’s and see all the different brand of laptops they have which also have different prices on them. You see a Samsung laptop and see a HP laptop. 499 and the other one is 1299. It is not about the brand itself but about the value of the product. The prices show that the product has got more features and a better performance also the design might look better.
Place
Place is the location where the customer can purchase products. It could be a local shop or one that is located over the world. Nowadays with the development of technology it can be reached through the internet. So even if you live in a country that hasn’t got the specific product, you still might be able to buy the product through its website if it’s a national store such as Sainsbury. You can call them up and get your products delivered at the door.
Promotion
Promotion is advertising and taking the actions to make sure customers will remember the brand through the product such as what Hoover did. Nowadays when people want to clean their floor they say I am going to Hoover my living room when they are supposed to say I am going to vacuum clean my living room. Hoover is just a brand that had promoted its product really well. Their aim was that if you would think of a vacuum cleaner, you would get their brand Hoover in mind. The brand is not that famous no more but still when people have a Dyson vacuum cleaner. They would carry on saying I am going to Hoover rather than Dyson the living
room.
People
People are the employees providing a service to customers therefore they need to have the right attitude to keep customers satisfied. As many people say it’s not about the product but about the people who sell the product. This would refer to sales people who sell at the door of someone. You don’t want to buy the product but sometimes they are very persuasive people that make you buy a product that you don’t even need. Also service is important. You might go into Curry’s and get a very good service and manners from the employees and once you brought the product home you realize the product is broken. So you bring it back and the employees are being very helpful and promise you a new television very soon. With this they build a customer trust. They mention to everyone how good their service was and even thought the television itself was not that great.
Process
Process is action taking towards customers therefore everything should be done by a plan; from ordering the product to delivering the product and building customer satisfaction.
When delivering a product such as a television, the screen could get crashed so the company has to be ready to deliver another television on time and without a sigh. Sometimes when you get a product delivered and you are not satisfied with it, you have to go to the store and fill in a form and then you had to wait weeks for a reply or you had to call up their customer service and spend hours to get someone on the line and then spend hours talking to them and afterwards you heard that you had to wait another 2 weeks for the product. This was very irritating and not planned as businesses didn’t know beforehand what kind of complaints customers would have but nowadays you can use the internet and they have planned all different complaints. So when you go on a website to complain you can choose from the bar of about broken goods, forgotten deliveries, late deliveries etc. So people can reach them and answer them at the appropriate time.
Physical evidence
Physical evidence is the perception of customers which they have towards the company or product. If you go in a hairdresser which hasn’t got clean floors and looks very organized. You might not consider that hairdressing because you will think look at the state of that hairdressing so their service will also be terrible even though the hairdressers were very professional and could give you an appropriate haircut, you choose another hairdressing which may not have professional hairdressers but has got a very attractive and clean salon.
Also when you go into hotels you see how employees are prepared with pen and paper and information flyers. This is so you get an image of the hotel of being well organized and caring. If you went into a hotel with a very awful service and when you asked for a pen, they didn’t have it. You might think this hotel is not organized and cannot take care of its customers. Even something as small as a pen can lose a customer and give their hotel a terrible image
Blending the elements of the marketing mix
The key to a successful business is blending the elements of the marketing mix the right way.
The product of McDonalds is fast food and the service they provide. The business has to make sure the product is tasty enough to be sold. If the product tastes horrible the customer would never want to try the same business again even if they have different products. The price is also important as the business needs prices that are affordable to anyone. Nowadays because McDonalds is already a huge success business and made more than enough profit, they provide their product at a price that is affordable to everyone. McDonalds is a very huge company and can be reached in many countries all over the world and also online. If someone wants to have hamburger there is no worries as there can be found a McDonalds everywhere The company had done very good promoting over the years and now has got their brand in everyone’s head. If they see the yellow and red M. they will think without thinking McDonalds also if any kid has to consider hamburgers and fries. They get the happy meal in their head. All the promotion helped the company to stand out from all the other fast food restaurants.
McDonalds has provide very good service over the years and has kept every customer satisfied therefore wanting to visit the restaurant again. The process of how they had dealt with everything was also good. They got products delivered on time. For breakfast all products were hot and ready and no one had to wait a long time. Also their restaurant has always been very attractive with many posters and M signs and also clean. So if you went there you would never see an unclean table or floor. As their service is really good and the minute someone drops a drink they clean it and also provide you with another drink.
The sales of goods ACT 1979
Is just a law made by individuals to give a customer the right to return the products and get a refund in case the product was not in good condition or did not apply with the description which was give for it. For example if you purchase a book from the eBay website and the description says used as new. If the book you received is all ripped off, you as a customer have the right to send it back to them and they have to give your money back or allow you to get a new one for the same price.
In other circumstances such as when you purchase an electronic product and you damage it, if you then bring it back to the store, you might not get a refund as the law states that only when the product you have bought the production which was not in a good condition or with the example of eBay where you don’t see your product until its delivered to you. However some electronic products might have a 1-3 year guarantee on them and this means, so for example you choose to buy a new computer, if that computer gets damaged in between 1-3 years they have agreed to give you a brand new computer from the company. If your computer gets damaged and the guarantee date is not valid anymore then you don’t have the right to claim a new computer for them as you just have to purchase one with your own money/
The trade description ACT 1968
Is linked to the sales of goods ACT 1979 which makes sure the description given is correct. So the eBay example also relates to this as when a customer looks at the description of a product, they might decide to purchase the product. When the product is ordered and delivered and something is missing which was giving in the description. the customer might have bought a phone from eBay and the description had stated that it was brand new and included all the accessories such as USB, recharger and earphones but if it doesn't include the USB for example/ even if it misses just one thing the description stated, the law states that the customer has got the very right to complain about the product and might ask for their money back or cutting from the original price. The seller breaks a law here which was writing something in the description which was not correct. The seller could get a fine for it or in some cases the customer might keep quiet if they make a deal without letting know anyone. The buyer will be 5000 pound off if he/she makes an agreement with the customer.
The consumer credit ACT 1974
Is a law that has more to do with financial agreements such as credit sale agreements? This law gives lenders the right mostly huge companies to agree with an individual referred as a borrower to allow them borrow high amount of money to purchase cars, electronic products and house improvements. The law states that they have to follow the agreements of paying the money back on a valid date or the company has the right to add interest on the money which can end you with debts. If you are not able to pay off the loan, the company has got the right to takeaway your car and all the other electronic products you have bought to make up for some of the money.
With the loan agreement you don’t own the products yet you still make use of them. The same as with a car, you can not fully own the car if you have not paid the money back. If you start selling the car which is still in the agreement, you cause a big fraud which may lead to further problems with the company. You can only sell your car the minute you have payed all the money back from the loan.
Argos
I can see that Argos is following the rules as it has a Toy safety buying guide which shows warning marks on toys one of them is the lion mark which states safety and quality on the toys and all Argos toys have this mark on the package of the toy.
Also advice is giving on the age of children for who it can be suitable to play with a certain toy. You can see that some toys are not suitable for children under the age of 3. The advice will be given not to purchase this toy for your child however it will be the parent choice to buy it and take the responsibility. So if you decide to buy a build of bricks for your 1 year old and the child chokes it then Argos cannot be blamed for this as they always state for what age the toy is suitable so when a parent wants to buy a toy, they should read the package and see if the toy would be safe for their children. A 5 year old might have fun playing with the bricks whereas a 1 year old wouldn’t know what is and choke on it.
It gives appropriate information about the toy which is a LEGO star wars pirate tank and also the satisfaction of customers is obvious as you can see reviews on the toys and many toys get ranked by a star where 5 stars is the highest and seeing that this toy has been ranked 5 stars it means that customers don’t have any complaints about this item.
On the additional information it shows that the LEGO star wars pirate tank also has the lion mark printed on the package which shows safety and quality. Also another thing is that this item is on sale and will end on the exact date which is 22/01/2010. They stated this on the additional information bar to make sure that people don’t come with excuses that they didn’t know when the sale would end and also to show that it is not a long term sale and that it will end soon so buy it fast when it is on sale.
They have information on the history where the product is reconditioned by adding 2 more pirate mini figures and obi wan Kenobi. If the customer doesn’t see these extra toys when opening the package the description wouldn’t be correct.
You can also see the terms and condition which you can have a look trough and then make a decision of buying the item or not. They state all the information that is needed and they also recommend customers to print out the terms and conditions so if they have made a mistake you can point it out but also if they refer you to other websites but are not responsible for the privacy of those websites and it would be mostly your choice to visit the website or not and if you’re information gets collected through one of these websites you can not complain as you have agreed to the terms of conditions.
They are doing the right thing as many toys have labels or mark and state the correct thing and even with advertising an item on the website it will be checked by the ASA to make sure the product is advertised correctly and the information giving is accurate. So with toys safety of children has been well considered to make children play without a worry. Argos wants to avoid children getting hurt with certain toys. Some contain metal and sharp objects therefore they put on an age mark or write down warning this item might contain metals or sharp objects. The ASA will also look if the small if the size of the content in descriptions or additional information is readable. Sometimes you have an offer but without reading the small content you might consider the product and the content is just too small, they will now allow it on the advertisement before it is the correct size.
The which websites gives more reviews and description on products and it also lets you compare the products with each other to see which ones right for you. Argos is also letting you rate products and write a review but which has got more description then Argos product has on the website. So if you want more description you can contact them which will take long or you have to go to the store for more information. They only show additional information and what the item contains. Where or what the product is made of is not stated on there. You can only see it on packages in the store. So without actually going to the store and having a look you can’t decide to buy the product or not.
Voluntary Constraints
Voluntary codes of practice are organisations which help to make sure some other businesses are following the rules. Many organisations that are doing this have got a symbol to show that they are also contributing with the scheme. An example of this kind of organisation is the Advertising standards authority () which is an organisation that publishes and administers a code of practice.
The ASA is producing promotions and advertisements for the media which includes SMS and email advertisements however it is not based for websites.
There is the CAP (the codes of practice) for advertisements that are not for broadcast and there is also the other one BCAP which is for TV and radio. If you see an advertisement you sometimes get small prints which are in very tiny letters but it is allowed by the BCAP and also terms, conditions, headline claims and pricing claims.
The ASA can make decisions about improving and changing advertisements before they get published or broadcasted and they work together with the Office of fair trading which have got the regulation of control misleading advertisements and asking media companies to take away the advert.
ASA helps customers by working together with the media and advertisers to improve and create advertisements that will not insult or deceive customers by choosing the product based on the description given in the advertisements.
It has to be organized with responsibility to both customers and advertisers. It should be legal, trustworthy but also well mannered which means that it must not be insulting in any kind of way. It should be accepted in the business and should be as fair as the other businesses.
If a commercial on the television has got complain they can investigate and find out why that certain commercial has got a complain. Even if an ad has got many complaints like the one that the KFC zinger crunch salad ad had, if the ASA doesn’t find it should be removed it could stay. Many people had complained that in the ad people were all chewing with their mouths full but the ASA didn’t found it unmannered or offensive so the ad wasn’t removed.
Direct marketing association (DMA)
The DMA is especially designed to protect consumers from all kinds of inappropriate emails, telephone or mail which gets send to customers when they have bought a certain product where they have to fill in a form. The DMA allows customers to sign in for free with them and avoid getting all kinds of advertisements which they don’t prefer.
Pressure groups
The last one is pressure groups. These are groups of people get together to do something about something they are interested in and want it to stop or change. An example of a pressure group would be Drink aware () which aim is to pressure alcohol companies to produce alcohol with labels on them that tells how much alcohol can be drunk by a person per day and the exact amounts that can be taken.
Another one is the Amnesty international () which pressures companies to change their way of marketing and become more aware of where there clothes comes from. Example would be the Zara store which used to get their shoes from Portuguese companies that used little children as their labour. And the amnesty group put on pressure on the company to change that as it was not acceptable in the market.
Other companies are such as the Citizen Advice () seen by the name are only there to provide fact sheets to explain the right of customers.
Consumerism
shows the right of customers which are right to safety, right to choose, right to be informed and right to be heard. Some businesses see it as a risk but others might find it a good way to see what customers are exactly thinking and how they could change their business.
If you look at a cigarette box. You see a label which says smoking kills or could lead to lung cancer why would a company want you to know these facts and make you prevent the cigarettes. That’s because pressure groups are the one behind this. They have pressured companies enough to make them add labels that tell the risky results of smoking and it is then up to the customer to buy the cigarettes or not, many which are already addicted won’t even see the label and carry on smoking but others a few less people might not consider smoking because of the labels that have been put on them.
Acceptable language
In a add they should use acceptable languages and on the products they are advertising they shouldn’t use any unacceptable words or language or anything that is insulting. Humour is allowed to advertise the product but going to far with the humour can be offensive and be removed. Such as some adds can be seen as discrimination or racism even if it was meant as a joke. Also the pictures they put on the product is important and needs to be checked properly. Moam uses humour by making it look as if the strawberry is making out with the lemon and that gives the flavour of the sweet. Many kids eat these sweets but cannot be seen as offensive as they rip the wrapper off and don’t actually think about that stuff. Only the older kids might realise it but they already know about that stuff and might just consider it as something funny.
It is not about if the language can be used or not but to what target market is it used for. Some people use text message language and that might not be appropriate for older people but if it is based on children than it is allowed to use that kind language in their ad. If it’s about a child texting their friends and the language they show on the phone is allowed.
My first organization is McDonalds which is a global business that sells fast food and is recognized for its logo by almost everyone in the world. The creators of McDonalds (Dick and Mac) have been using the right tactics from the beginning of 1940 when they had set up their first restaurant till now when they are having approximately 50 million customers per day.
McDonalds purpose will still remain growing their brand by listening to customer views and applying that in their market research.
The product name is very significant as it gives a personality for the organisation, service or product. The brands image symbolizes what the point of view of customers are based on the organisation. Branding worked for the organisation as it showed itself in a way that looked reliable to customers. Then marketing comes in place where the organisation markets the brand in advertisements and promotions which helped to make the brands color, images and designs recognizable to customers. McDonalds had many advertisements where people became familiar with the brand which was a yellow arch also seen as an M in a red background. Red and yellow were the two colors that represented McDonalds.
Competition, economic, legal and technological changes, social factors had an impact on the company and therefore it had to use marketing which was finding out about what customers want and need and by knowing this they could become ahead of the competition and create loyalty of customers.
At first sight they don’t have current customers so they have to investigate who are likely to be there customers by looking at what products are best sold and what customers are willing to pay for them, what the programmes, newspapers and advertising they watch or read and lastly what restaurants they visit.
The market research they collect from these sources gets gathered and through their research they can see what the needs and wants are of their potential customers and with that they can create their marketing mix and get customer satisfaction.
McDonalds uses methods such as making a table to identify different types of customers. So for example a parent with children might visit McDonalds any time to have a meal and give the children a treat whereas a business man visits McDonalds during the day as the service is very quick and can make use of the Mc rive to eat in the car.
This type of information can help to create the McDonalds marketing mix. So what kind of products would they be likely to buy, how much would they be willing to pay? Promotions created and the location of restaurants to make it easier for everyone to reach.
Marketing objectives
There needs to be a plan to find out ways how objectives can be met. Objectives are the things that need to be done for an organisation to meet their aims. They can be associated with sales, share of market, sales reaching the target addressees.
McDonalds breaks down all their long term objectives into shorter term targets which can be easily achieved all the way through.
The shorter term targets will get analyzed frequently to make sure the objectives are being met. These feedbacks are very useful as it helps McDonalds to modify plans if it’s required and become a more flexible business. Once they have set up their marketing objectives the company will consider how the objectives can be met afterwards they will set their marketing mix of the 4 P
Product.
There are a lot of menus items available which possible customers spend on and looking at that McDonalds can’t actually see what they want and that’s why the company does researches and creates a menu based on their wants. Customer needs might not change that quickly but wants change very fast and the first year the big Mac might have been popular and the year after when people got bored of it McDonalds introduced new burgers such as the angus burger and the crispy chicken wrap. Also McDonalds will continue to produce new products and changing old ones. By that means that they have to keep up with the competition and their biggest threat is Burger king. Burger kind launched a new burger called the whopper and that became very popular and McDonalds thought they were losing customers if they didn’t do nothing about it, therefore they introduced the Big n tasty which looked a bit like the whopper but tasted different as the whopper had double set of burgers and the big n tasty just looked like a smaller version of it.
The whopper was already very popular so McDonalds had to come up with something to get customer buying their burger rather than the whopper so it made the price much cheaper and added it in the 1 pound menu to attract customers. Many people found that the burger was cheaper than the whopper so they bought the big n tasty but afterwards when the burger got popular McDonalds removed the burger from the 1 pound menu and raised the price up. They had to do this because the big Mac menu which brought more money in the past was beat by the big n tasty which was just for a pound.
Understanding customer needs.
Not all businesses look at the needs or wants of customers as some them choose to make the product and then advertise the product successfully. McDonalds wanted to do that as well and keep ahead of the competition which could be burger king by changing the menus and bringing regularly new food in the business. It does much market research to actually understand what customers need. These requirements of a customer cannot be seen as a need because they can survive without the fast food but is more likely desire it occasionally.
Keeping ahead of the competition
In many ways McDonalds is far ahead than their competition but a slightly mistake could affect all the other restaurants around the globe, it couldn’t get McDonalds of the top 5 best restaurants but they could lose their spot from number one restaurant.
At the moment the competition of McDonalds are Burger King and the Yum Inc which includes the famous brands KFC, Pizza Hut and many more but since McDonalds is introducing new products in their restaurant, they build more competition. McDonalds has recently started to do coffees as well and end became a threat to Starbucks with its new premium roast coffee which was very popular among McDonald’s customers as it was much cheaper and apparently was richer in taste. McDonalds is planning on doing lattes and cappuccinos in their breakfast menu and that could be not so good news for star bucks as McDonalds could end up losing most star bucks customers.
With this idea McDonalds can profit either way. If it becomes a success and people would rather buy their coffee from McDonalds rather than star bucks, they could advantage from and become the next most popular place to get coffee but if they don’t get that popular they will still have customers buying coffee from the restaurant. the advantage McDonalds has over star bucks is that McDonalds already has got customers who buy fast food and so if they drop by to get breakfast or lunch from McDonalds they could also order a coffee with their food. If that wasn’t enough for star bucks McDonalds is also wanting to open up 14.000 Mccoffee bars and start the pricing from 1.00 pound this is much cheaper then star bucks who price it from 1.50 to 4.00 pounds. McDonalds had wiped away all competitors which used to be restaurants and after done that and being far ahead of the competition, McDonalds decided that they could take advantage if they wipe out many places that sell the same products as they do and they started with cafés.
Also McDonalds is keeping making profit as raises in inflation and food cost will make it easier for customers to decide to have fast food in a place such as McDonalds then a place that is more expensive. Everyone can now have dinner at McDonalds without having to worry about the price also, they show on their ads that even homeless people can have lunch in McDonalds as pricing are starting from 1 pound.
Offering healthier food can bring McDonalds more customers as these days the large population are changing their life style and are eating healthier so they try to cook at home because they know exactly what’s in their food. That’s why McDonalds also shows on the website how and with which ingredients their products are made. McDonalds is already starting the healthier menus and still improving on the rest of the fast food as many people had complained that McDonalds said the fries were fried in beef oil after it was used for hamburgers, this could’ve saved McDonalds money but the vegetarians were not happy with this and also other several religions who had thought that the fries were naturally made with no sign of meat.
Utilizing new technology
Technology is there to make it easier for the customer but not only the customer can advantage from it but also the business. McDonalds also makes us of very huge machines that peel, slice, cook and freeze two million pound of potatoes. This makes it easier for the company and it also saves them money on employing people to do the job. It would also take much time to do the following for two million potatoes and McDonalds had found out that when the machines did this they were faster than humans and only more precise.
Also the internet was a good way for McDonalds to show what they were about. If they had questions they could get on the website and get it answered but many concerns of customers were already answered so if they were concerned what a hamburger in McDonalds contained, they could click on the hamburger image and get all the details. It could save McDonalds time and make them familiar with McDonalds. People who were not familiar with McDonalds and could visit the website and get a new view of McDonalds and wanted to go to the restaurant right away. And if their area didn’t have a McDonalds they could look up one that was the nearest to them and still be able to go to the restaurant but nowadays there is a McDonalds in every street, corner or shopping centre as McDonalds knows that they can profit from everywhere. Some shops or restaurants are looking for places where many people shop but McDonalds needs places where there are many people living or near petrol stations where everyone could stop and if they got hungry have lunch in McDonalds which would be the only restaurant nearby.
Communicating effectively with customers.
Most of the times its about the people who sell the product rather than the product but McDonalds has got them both. They provide a very friendly service and if customers have got complain about the product they will try to solve it in a mature way or even pay an agreed amount for. A Woman in Oregon had burned herself on a coffee that she had bought from mc drive and she claimed that the coffee was too hot and the lid not closed properly. McDonalds could argue with her that even on the package it said cautions I’m hot which meant that people should be careful with the drink but she had spilt it on herself and claimed McDonalds should give her 7500 in damages. Afterwards McDonalds paid her that amount and although McDonalds could have win this argument. It didn’t want a bad view of one customer and wanted customer satisfaction. Therefore even though the women had spilt coffee on her she could recommend others to McDonalds because they provide a good service and will do everything to keep the customer happy. And also if you spill a drink in McDonalds they immediately provide you with a new one. Even if the drink was half way finish but that way, the customer can build a relationship with the restaurant and will now that their needs are understood by McDonalds.
People
Mcdonalds understands both employees and customers therefore wants well trained staff that they can understand the customer and also want the customer to understand the employee and that will only if the employee is well mannered and shows respect towards the customer . So they say that they just hire anyone they don’t mind what race, nationality etc. this is actually true all they care about is how cheap they are so if you have a British person applying for the job and also a foreign person applying for the same job it is more likely that the foreign person gets the job as they are happy with any amount and that is also the reason if you go to mcdonalds you always see foreign employees serving customers, very seldom you see British people. So they are a restaurant from different colors as they say but they also have one reason.
Place
McDonalds is located in huge shopping centre because many people visit the shopping centre to shop and if they get hungry, they could have their food from McDonalds. Also because McDonalds is such a big company it uses franchises to get restaurants all round the place and in some corners or near petrol stations in high streets where there isn’t any other place to eat so they give a sign to McDonalds from the petrol station. In America almost 50 percent of the places are 3 minutes away from a Mcdonalds restaurant. Inside the Mcdonalds its very hygeniecly clean and they try to keep it that way even if thousands of people come eat at mcdonalds everyday, also because technology is developing now in mcdonads you have got televisions where you can watch music from and also in Brazil the first internet in mcdonalds will come. So after a few years people can come to mcdonalds and make use of the internet.
Price
The customer can see through the price how much the value of the product is worth. In McDonalds menus you can find out which hamburger tastes better and is more popular. If a hamburger is charged a cheap price you can see that the hamburger is no longer popular,. Like in the past when the cheeseburger came in the menu it was very popular and it was charged a more expensive price as customers were willing to pay that amount for the cheeseburger but nowadays the cheeseburger is not that popular and there is too much of it so they added in the 1 pound menu and now is becoming popular again because of its price rather than its value and also
McDonalds want to remove the double cheeseburger from the 1 pound menu as they say it’s becoming popular because of its price just like the normal cheeseburger but McDonalds doesn’t want that and if people still want to have the double cheeseburger they have to pay a higher amount for. Also because cheese is becoming more expensive and the double cheeseburger has got more cheese so it should be a more expensive price which is probably not that much but 19 pence more. McDonalds therefore wants to price smart not low.
Promotion
This covers the marketing communication which is all based on making the customer aware of the product and its brand and this can be through methods such as advertising it. Advertising is done in newspapers, radio, TV commercials, online, magazines and on posters which can be seen on the street.
A poster or commercial on TV can be used to make people conscious of the product and its brand but magazines and newspapers might provide more details.
Also they had these campaigns which everyone in the world can remember which is I’m loving it and almost in every country it has the same English spelling but in countries such as Germany they have Ich liebe es. And by this phrase everyone can remember that the commercial is about mcdonalds. At the end of every Mcdonalds commercial you get to hear parapapapa im loving it and this is very catchy so anyone can memorize Mcdonalds just by seeing this phrase anywhere
McDonalds has used big billboards, signage and sponsored sporting events from the small leagues to as big as the Olympic Games.
It started by advertising the happy meal which was a meal of a burger, fries, coke,
and a toy.
Market of the happy meal was kids aged 3-12 and it became popular round kids of every age but the problem was that kids were getting too fat and they were trying to find out why the kids like the happy meal that much and they found out that the kids were only having the happy meal for its toys and sometimes they didn’t want to eat their food but they had to otherwise their parents wouldn’t be too happy to pay for food that would get wasted. McDonalds therefore had then launched the happy meal which contained the unhealthy food and the healthy food such as fruit, vegetables, fish fingers, water and fruity drinks.
Before in their advertisements they used to show the unhealthy menu but now they show the new healthy menu which shows they can still eat at McDonalds and don’t be afraid of getting too fat.
Also different promotions have come up with free coffee at Mondays at breakfast but that was only in Canada and the aim of that was to get the new roast premium coffee in the mind of customers but also to show loyalty. Sandwich,. The idea was basically to keep customers away from other cafés to get their coffee and bring them in McDonalds a free coffee could have its advantages which many were that the brand would look good than others. Customers could tell their friends and they might have never been to McDonalds and a free coffee might give a good view of the company and want them to visit the restaurant more often. The other advantage was that if customer came to get their free coffee for breakfast they might wanted to have a little something with their coffee which could be a donut or a egg cheese muffin.
The advertising was done very good and there was a lot of clever thinking before even launching this promotion. On the flyer there was written free coffee and the free was written in a very big font size as that is the thing that could attract customers. Then middle size you had the coffee bit and then in not so big font all the other details which also said the coffee was for a limited time only and was a small size. On the flyer the image of the coffee was very big to make customers expect something from McDonalds.
Also the new Olympics commercial was showing that Jack Chan an atheletic was eating in Mcdonalds and a little kid ask his autograph on her bottle but then she spells mummy. Then the he looks around and sees the mum of the kid and so they show that the Olympics bottle can be for any age. Then they end the commercial with the slogan im loving it.
Pressure groups
All kinds of different pressure groups have affected McDonalds in the past and still do which a new story has broken in the minds of a pressure group called PETA (people for ethical treatment of animals) this pressure group is holding McDonalds down for to change the rights of the animals that don’t get treated properly to get the meat off. PETA will put much pressure on McDonalds till they improve the conditions of their animals in their suppliers. According to the those animals such as cows are there in small places where they hardly can move and the only thing they are able to do is look through the fence and after their horrible life in there they get slaughtered with much suffering. PETA´s campaign is just making advertisements which got a awful bloody picture of a cows head with the heading. Do you want fries with that?
Many years ago McDonalds had changed its way of packaging their food. In the beginning they used foam packaging but then they changed it to paper and cardboard wrapping. They did this because a pressure group called CFC had pushed pressured on to them so they had no choice but also thinking differently about it why would McDonalds make such a big change in way of packaging not just because they were determined about the environment but also McDonalds relised that foam packaging was very expensive and that they could follow the idea up from the CFC and use card board and paper instead of foam. The media got the message that McDonalds was caring for the environment but in fact they only cared about money.
Acceptable language
McDonalds used to have a chicken mcnugget commercial but then it got banned because the language was not appropriate and looked racist therefore that commercial got banned.
They need to use language that is understandable for everyone. The same commercial is in most of the countries in English but in some countries they need to translate the commercial so for example a country where they don’t speak English such as China would understand it.
There shouldn’t be made use of text message language and should show that the commercial is made professional. Also burger king had made a commercial with p diddy in it and that commercial was very disturbing for some people and that made them decide not to eat in burger king so mistakes and misunderstandings of the competitor can have a positive impact on mcdonalds so that’s why McDonalds needs to double check the language and how it is presenting to make sure they don’t make any mistakes which can reduce their customers.
The sales of goods ACT 1979
Is just a law made by individuals to give a customer the right to return the products and get a refund in case the product was not in good condition or did not apply with the description which was give for it. For example if you purchase a book from the eBay website and the description says used as new. If the book you received is all ripped off, you as a customer have the right to send it back to them and they have to give your money back or allow you to get a new one for the same price.
In other circumstances such as when you purchase an electronic product and you damage it, if you then bring it back to the store, you might not get a refund as the law states that only when the product you have bought the production which was not in a good condition or with the example of eBay where you don’t see your product until its delivered to you. However some electronic products might have a 1-3 year guarantee on them and this means, so for example you choose to buy a new computer, if that computer gets damaged in between 1-3 years they have agreed to give you a brand new computer from the company. If your computer gets damaged and the guarantee date is not valid anymore then you don’t have the right to claim a new computer for them as you just have to purchase one with your own money/
Mcdonalds does follow this act because it allows customers to return back toys from happy meals. Customer can not return everything back and ask for a refund for their food because they wouldn’t get that but with the toys in the happy meal, some children want to change the toys if they don’t like it and if the toy is still in the package they are able to ask for a new one if they have them in stock. McDonalds should give everyone the same right to claim another toy and especially when the toy is broken or looks different from the picture. So you get times in the factory that the color finishes and they have to use a similar but different color to the real color and sometimes little children don’t like this therefore should be able to change it.
In other cases when the toy is opened from the package or broken by the child, McDonalds can not change the toy.
The trade description ACT 1968
Is linked to the sales of goods ACT 1979 which makes sure the description given is correct. So the eBay example also relates to this as when a customer looks at the description of a product, they might decide to purchase the product. When the product is ordered and delivered and something is missing which was giving in the description. the customer might have bought a phone from eBay and the description had stated that it was brand new and included all the accessories such as USB, recharger and earphones but if it doesn't include the USB for example/ even if it misses just one thing the description stated, the law states that the customer has got the very right to complain about the product and might ask for their money back or cutting from the original price. The seller breaks a law here which was writing something in the description which was not correct. The seller could get a fine for it or in some cases the customer might keep quiet if they make a deal without letting know anyone. The buyer will be 5000 pound off if he/she makes an agreement with the customer.
The description act could also count for food. On the website of McDonalds you
get the Description which is the ingredients and sometimes it says the fries are very natural products and only contain potatoes but then McDonalds was breaking the law with their Description as some pressure groups had found that McDonalds was using beef oil to make the fries after breaking the law and being pressured by pressure groups. McDonalds had the oil and decided to use very natural oil which was also good for a healthy diet. They stated that on the website.
Also a few other times mcdonalds had broken the law by giving a false description
on how they used to make the fries.
The consumer credit ACT 1974
Is a law that has more to do with financial agreements such as credit sale agreements? This law gives lenders the right mostly huge companies to agree with an individual referred as a borrower to allow them borrow high amount of money to purchase cars, electronic products and house improvements. The law states that they have to follow the agreements of paying the money back on a valid date or the company has the right to add interest on the money which can end you with debts. If you are not able to pay off the loan, the company has got the right to takeaway your car and all the other electronic products you have bought to make up for some of the money.
With the loan agreement you don’t own the products yet you still make use of them. The same as with a car, you can not fully own the car if you have not paid the money back. If you start selling the car which is still in the agreement, you cause a big fraud which may lead to further problems with the company. You can only sell your car the minute you have paid all the money back from the loan.
Mcdonalds is a huge company and doesn’t need to borrow any money for nothing as they have a lot of money already and in other chances mcdonalds can help other businesses set up by letting them borrow money and if they fail to pay off the money on time mcdonalds has the right to own the small business or new local football teams and if they become successful then mcdonalds can also advantage as they are the one sponsoring the teams.
My second organization is Nestlé which is company that is famous for the many popular brands of cookies, cornflakes, ice cream, sweets and there isn’t any other snack this company hasn’t got but the most people know nestle from the chocolates which are Kitkat, Smarties,quality street and many more popular ones which everyone knows.
Nestle laucned kitkat in the uk in the month of September 1995 but it was named wafer crisp but after two years, the name changed from waver crisp to kitkat and that’s where the success came. Kitkat was seen as something that could keep people active and what they would need,. What active people need
Kitkat was always wrapped in a shiny red and white wrapper but only in the world war two due the lack of milk they replaced the wrapper without letting know anyone that they dindnt have enough milk and if they would make the chocolate with less milk but with same wrapper people would notice the difference so they wanted to let customers look like it was a new chocolate. In 1947 the wrapper was changed to its original color as milk was available again.
The creator of Nestle Henri Nestle has been producing various different kinds of snacks or food during the years and can be seen as the world largest food company that runs globally.
The purpose of Nestle will still remain offering top quality brands and innovative packaging to meet the individuals needs of customer all over the world whenever, wherever, however.
The objectives of Nestle are. Making their customers winners by constantly exceeding their expectations.
Like any other brand Nestle has got many competitors but doesn’t see them as a huge threat as they can cope with that kind of competition and always are ahead of the competition, an example of a competition of Nestle would be cadburry but still Nestle thinks that they are the threat for cadburry as they got many more brands so they only have to compete with one brand of cadburry.
Understanding customer needs.
Nestle understood the needs of customer so when the lifestyle of customer changed, nestle changed with them and created and produced many products that were in the use of customers, what Nestle was aiming for that customers would be the customer of Nestle and Nestle would provide them with a lot of products they might need or want so even if they needed food for their babies Nestle had a product that met with the needs of customer so that was Nestle Cerelac or Nan baby food.
Nestle owns any food that contains milk and uses on the best and naturally milk so that’s makes the taste of Nestle products even more stronger.
These are the products that Nestle produces in their company
Baby food (Cerelac, Nan) Breakfast (Cereal honey puffs etc.)
Dairey Products (Milkpak, Nido etc.)Ice Cream (Movenpick, Dreyers)
Chocolate (Kitkat, Smarties etc.)Beverages (Nescafe, Milo etc.)
Food service (Jumbo Bottle) Readymade food (Maggi, powered soup)
Bottled water (Aquarral etc.)Pet food (Felix, Alpo etc.)
Keeping ahead of the competition
As seen before Nestle doesn’t need to worry much about competition but since it is number 1 it must not lose its spot so one simple mistake can cause this so that’s why Nestle has got many products so that if their chocolate business breaks down for example they still have got their dairy, ice cream etc. so they are actually prepared and will continue to stay the most popular business that there is. What Cadburry is trying to do is to get more profit or become the lead of the chocolate business but by pricing hight they will lose their customers to Nestle already many customers buy from Nestle because they got a variation from completely different flavours.
Communication effectively with customers
They don’t have to communicate with customers but with retailers they need to discuss and agree on price and other things. Building a good relationship with retailers is good so that they keep purchasing more products from the company and retailers then have to make sure to communicate effectively with customers so that they buy their Nestle products but still retailers doesn’t only want to get their Nestle products sold but all the products so communicating effectively with customers is a must.
Utilizing new technology
The marketing mix of nestle is
Product
These are what they offer to their customers and the products of nestle are for example chocolate. The wrapper of kitkat doesn’t change as it is in an attractive wrapper that is noticeable by everyone due its shiny wrapper. Nestle knows if they change the package of the kitkat that many people would see it as a new chocolate like they did with the idea of the blue wrapper and kitkat has already got too many customers so they try to keep it like that and it would take a lot of market research and time to change the wrapper so now they don’t focus on renewing their products as they have done that in the past and have made their products to quality standard including wrapper so now they need to focus on new products so maybe after a few years they could complete the food list and produce Neste crisps as they already produce any snack or food made by milk which is their edge but if they wanted to change they could as well choose for crisps.
On the wrapper of the kitkat you can see the date that it expires this is very useful for the customers so they know how long they can keep the chocolate for and avoid becoming ill and also the date when that chocolate was manufactured. Some people might be interested in this so they can see for how long a kitkat chocolate bar is fresh. Also the ingredients and how much it weights is on the back of the wrapper. The ingredients are useful for people who are looking at their diet so they can see how much one kitkat weights and how much calories or sugars it contains.
Price
This is how much money there is asked for the product and also this shows how much the product is worth so depending on the weight of kitkat the price gets charged so there is a small one and there is a big one kitkat chunk and mostly kitkat chunk weights more so they get charged more for. So the pricing is done fairly as it is done by weighting, so kitkat chunk is not more than 10p expensive than the original chocolate.
Nestle also looks at their biggest competitor cadburry to make pricing dececions, they both have selection of different chocolate bars. In Sainsburys the two chocolates both weighting 100 grams are given different prices and you can see that Nestle is pricing lower then Cadburry. For one 100 gram kitkat chocolate the price is 0.68 and the cadburry bar is at a price of 0.74. neslt sells the bars at a lower price so that more customers would consider kitkat because of its price and Cadbury is just trying to make a profit out of it and show that it has more quality than other chocolates. In some cases if you compare chocolates at a supermarket you will not look for a too cheap price as you get to worry about the quality
Nestle isn’t pricing to cheap otherwise customers would worry about its quality and consider Cadburry and also not too expensive as customers might think that they are getting ripped off by the company and still consider another chocolate. An appropriate price is done by making it cheaper than its competition but still affordable to customers. If you look at kitkats price, you expect to get a quality chocolate with your money. The price is worth the money.
Place
Nestle doesn’t have shops or stores around shopping centers or corners as nestle is a company that produces the product and then sends them to the retailers so huge packs get sent to super markets such as Tesco and maybe a few boxes will be send to corner shops who also sell the kitkat but for a different price. The packaged kitkat in supermarkets is not allowed to be sold individually as corner shops order different sizes and therefore can charge more. So nestle makes it product available at anywhere you can see without needing a store or shop.
This is the same as cadburry and they also make their chocolates available at supermarkets so its not just Nestle chocolate sold in the supermarkets but many different sorts and brands and that gives Nestle more competition however Nestle owns many of the brands already and had spread it in many supermarkets and cadburry only has got one brand which gives an advantage for Nestle which allows customers to choose from a varied selection of brands which are all from Nestle. There are some newsagents which call themselves cadburry which cadburry might have allowed them to name after their company but those shops sell more than just cadburry but to attract people they named their shops after cadburry. Some local shops might sell over date cadburry when they are left and the local shop doesn’t want to get new one. So if something goes wrong in those shops, customers could think wrong of the company but Nestle doesn’t allow anyone to name their shops after one of Neslte brands.
Promotion
Nestle produces huge amounts of different products and all those products needs to be manufactured in a way that suits people. So if you watch the television, you see many adverts of Nestle chocolate but you don’t spot it as you think that it is done by all kinds of different companies. Before people used to think Kitkat was a company and quality street another company and that’s how they get their customers as customers are always seeking for different brands and they think okay one day I buy from kitkat and one other day I choose another brand which they don’t know its all from nestle so even if people don’t like kitkat and get disgusted by it, they still consider other Nestle products such as Quality street if they have promotions and they do. Mostly in Tesco all Quality street chocolate boxes are two for the price of one and they keep changing.
Roses from cadburry have also got the same offer so the two companies just have to see which chocolate box gets bought more.Nestle had started with this promotion but afterwards Cadburry didn’t want to get behind of the competition and they could make a lose if customers chose for Quality street because it was cheaper and sales would go down to Quality street so before Nestle even could get ahead, Cadburry did the same promotions so for every box you could get one free or half price etc.
They used to be like 7 pound now they are 5 pounds. these kinds of promotions attracts customers very quick. So Nestle was pricing smart not cheap. If they started with the price of 5 pound people would buy it but not as much and then they had to change the price to lower and that could give them less profit and now they are still making enough products as they know when to promotions and change of price to suit customers and themselves.
Other promotions Nestle has got for Kitkat was the famous slogan. Have a break have a kitkat.
So one of the commercial you have this man working on the discount and he is scanning the groceries with his head and then after that he gets very tired and you get in red screen working like a machine then suddenly on the groceries the a kitkat bar comes up and he eats it and then you can see how many prizes you can win, this is to persuade the customer to buy the kitkat in the believe of winning one of the prizes. This commercial shows that after a long day work you can still have time to enjoy a kitkat bar wherever you are and also get the chance of winning on of the prices and at the end the man had won a prize so that gave him a double break.
Pressure groups
Believing Nestle is such a huge company it is pressured by many pressure groups but in some cases the company doesn’t take a notice of it and then it promises something else like in 2001 Nestle had promised to take action on child labour which was taking place in developed countries and pressure groups such as greenpeace, global exchange etc. all Nestle did was a promise to stop just so pressure groups would stop putting pressure on them but the company did not commit their promise and in 2006, 5 years after the year they had promised this senator horkins had contacted the kitkat chocolate company if they wanted to follow a investigation in their chocolate factories for child labour but the company refused to take part or attend and instead the company sponsored two meetings on child laboury. Now a new pressure group called the international labour rights fund is pressuring Nestle to stop child laboury but the company reacted that child laboury is not crime against humanity and this is why the ILRF wants to take serious action against the company
Also the company said that they are not the ones doing child laboury so they cant be critised as the suppliers are in farms and if they want to let their children work, then that’s up to them.
If Nestle doesn’t take action to its commitments then they will keep getting more pressure groups which can cause to take away the kitkat factory of Nestle or reduce its customers so that would make Cadburry ahead as so far, child laboury is strictly forbidden in their factories and they make sure that there wouldn’t be made use of children and also together with some other companies they agreed on fair trading.
Also the ASA claimed many times that in the labeling or advertisements Nestle doesn’t clearly show what they mean and could mislead customers like they show a very big glass of milk and a tiny cup munch bunch yoghurt and say that munch bunch contains as much milk as one glass of milk then on the description it says equilevant to 100 ml milk but the glass shown is more than 100 ml and that could mislead customers but there weren’t as much claims Nestle explained and customer obviously wouldn’t take much notice of the glass size.
Acceptable language
The language used in Nestle adverts have been always in professional and well mannered English or a different language but the most concern was the language on the labeling. The language Nestle would put on the packages were always English but then after hearing that some countries in other continents didn’t understand English therefore wouldn’t know what nestle products contained and that could be misleading to customers who were allergic and many customers in other countries had complained about this and after that has made a commitment that the company will have multiple languages on the labels of packages. Nestle knows that in many countries there are more than one languages spoken (Africa, China etc.) so that’s why the best thing to avoid conflicts is to deliberate with the countries government and then its up to them to choose the language
The sales of goods ACT 1979
Nestle follows this Act and states on the packages of the chocolate Kitkat for example that if you don’t like it or there is something wrong with the kitkat bar you have the right to complain and this wouldn’t affect your customer rights and then you have two ways to complain which are through the phone or email. If you have bought a kitkat bar and you have eaten all of it and then if you would go to the super market you wouldn’t get no refund as refund can only be given if the kitkat bar was still in the wrapper so that’s why mostly they don’t refund food otherwise anyone would eat chocolate and say it was bad and get a refund but what the customer can do is call the number on the wrapper and then you need to have prove that there was something wrong with the chocolate and then they will do some research on that and if there was actually something wrong that had affected the customer, they can agree on an amount to pay the customer or in some cases if the kitkat doesn’t have a wafer then all the company can do is apology and send a new package of kitkat to your address.
The trade description ACT 1968
Also a few other times mcdonalds had broken the law by giving a false description
on how they used to make the fries.
Although Nestle tries to follow this act sometimes it gets in some cases where they give the wrong description to customers that could mislead them. In china they sold Nestle products such as milk or flavoured milk for babies or little children but they didn’t stated the fact that it contained GE and that misleaded customers and not many customers knew about this but a Chinese woman had found this out on the internet and was very disappointed in Nestle. She said that if she knew that the product contained GE she would have never bought if for his son. This woman traveled all the way to Switzerland but still even after breaking the law, Nestle didn’t care much so that’s why the woman wants to form their own pressure group in china and tell everyone about the truth in their labels of Nestle products. In Europe GE was banned so that’s why no products there contained GE but in countries where people didn’t know about this, Nestle carried on selling products which contained GE.
The consumer credit ACT 1974
If Nestle would be in need of money for something like a new product then banks will lend the company money without a doubt because they know that the company is very huge and will more than enough profit to pay off the bank and in some cases companies like Nestle can borrow money even though they make a lot of profit but if the money is not there yet then they can decide to borrow money.
Development of E-Marketing
E marketing is developing and still they use it to market their products effectively and find out about customers but Nestle has got a website where you can see the privacy policy of the company and it states that Nestle would never contact people through the mail for marketing purposes only if its preferred by the person self also referred to OPT IN consent.
For several reasons a person might give its email address to the website and they store it in their computer data base and send you only information that you prefer and mostly that would be recent news about products and you wouldn’t get nothing received from third parties if this happens the customer has got the very right to contact the company and give the email address of the third party
There is not any information collected through the website as it doesn’t allow pop ups to come up with are the source for information collected by some other websites. The website does collect cookies but that is just to see how customer and visitors make use of the website and so they could improve their website. Lastly the company doesn’t use the website to sell their products but to provide information about products, the only place you can purchase their products is in super markets and shops and if those supermarkets have a website then they can sell the product trough their website. So Tesco can sell Nestle products through their website as it is up to them how to sell the products after it has been delivered by the Nestle company.
Development of E-Marketing
Mcdonalds does use e marketing to sell their products and people can see on website mcdonalds banners and other food websites could recommend Mcdonalds through their website so they kind of advertise it. Mcdonalds has got a website where customers can look at all the mcdonalds menus and see nutrition information, look at the FAQ or ask their own questions also mcdonalds collects cookies to see how people use their website so that they can improve or change their website so they have some bits of the website which customers never visit so after seeing that it is better for them to remove that bit of text or page and that’s what mcdonalds has been doing on the website so it has become a very easy to use website that is understandable by any one also due the fact that there are too much long lines and busy restaurants mcdonalds is wanting enable a way to order online. If a customer sings up for the newsletter or has got queries then the company uses the email only for the purpose or only if the customer ticks the box that they are happy to receive information about third parties but in other ways the customers data is protected but the company could contact the person asking them to fill in surveys this is just to see how satisfied customers are and how the company would need improvements or to inform them about new products or promotions at Mcdonalds.
Marketing principles
Nestle wants to be known as a respected, trustworthy, food nutritions, health and wellness company but before Nestle can become this it needs to follow some marketing principles.
The company did some market research and had found out that customers wanted to know some more about the brands of Nestle so what sugar, nutrition, calories etc.are. as many customers are more changing lifestyle and following a different diet Nestle needs to change with them to keep the current customers. So that’s why the company decided to do add this information on every Nestle product so that customers would know what they were eating and drinking and how much of it so that they can prevent things such as becoming to fat.
Now on every product of Nestle including the kitkat bars you can see the GDA which stands for guideline dailey amount. This were 5 symbols which show the calories, sugars, fat, saturated and salt amounts.first you can see it in grams then under you get the percentage of the whole product. These symbols help consumers make decisions about their diets and how much to eat of the certain product.
this was part of Nestle responsibility to provide their customes with GDA but with this they had to pay a lot of money to get all this information and renew wrappers but if other companies did this then if Nestle didn’t do this tehn they would lose customers who were changing their lifestyle and diet who would rather go to the competitor for chocolate.
After this when everything was done customers were very satisfied and after a time the company got even more customers buying their product.
So looking at that firstly Nestle spend a lot of money on market research then it spend a lot of money on getting the GDA for every product and then new wrappers were required and afterwards it had to promote and advertise the new idea to get customers aware of this so market research is a long process and costs a lot of money but will show results at the end