Natural Rubber:

Natural rubber is made of repeating units. It is obtained from Latex from Trees. Natural: monomer polymer Isoprene poly(isoprene) (2-methylbuta-1,3-diene) natural rubber (Dienes are alkenes with two double bonds) In early attempts of producing synthetic rubber, polymerisation of dienes was used but this produced rubber with both a cis and trans isomer mixture. Only cis rubber was preferred because it had a higher boiling point than trans rubber. Better quality of rubber was obtained by polymerising butadiene to produce poly(cis-1,3-butadiene). Rubber of a higher quality is a copolymer, which can be obtained by combining dienes with alkenes. Synthetic: monomer polymer Butadiene poly(cis-1,3-butadiene) A process called emulsion polymerisation is used to produce a 'natural like' rubber. In this process different reactants are polymerised in water to produce rubber. Both Synthetic and Natural rubber are obtained by addition polymerisation. They both have double bonds in monomers of their isomers. When the monomers react to produce polymers, they both break two bonds and

  • Word count: 1167
  • Level: AS and A Level
  • Subject: Design and Technology
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Economic impact of genetic engineering Genetic engineering (GE) is a recently developed technology that allows the alteration of the genetic make

Economic impact of genetic engineering Genetic engineering (GE) is a recently developed technology that allows the alteration of the genetic make up of living organisms. This technology allows scientists not only to exchange genes from members of the same species, which is what farmers and nature has been doing through out history, but also the exchange of genes between completely separate species. For example genetic engendering allows scientists to insert the genes from a fish into a tomato, something that can never happen in nature. Many in the biotechnology industry claim that the recent advancements in this field of research will help solve many of the problems developing countries face. These claims have led to a massive increase in commercial growing of genetically modified organisms, (GMOs) from 1.7 million hectares in 1996 to 58.1 million hectares in 2002 worldwide. 99% of this growth has only been in four countries; Argentina, Canada, China and the USA, the USA being the largest, producing 68%. Amidst this enthusiasm there has been growing concern that there exist many hidden costs involved with GE technology. Critics of GE technology claim there are known and unknown health, social, ethical and environmental risks involved with the introduction of this technology. There are also claims that this technology has little if any benefits to the developing world and

  • Word count: 2382
  • Level: AS and A Level
  • Subject: Design and Technology
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Science Behind F1 Aerodynamic Features.

Table of Contents .0 Science Behind F1 Aerodynamic Features......................................................1 .1 Bernoulli's Equation.................................................................................1 .2 Drag....................................................................................................2 .3 Downforce.............................................................................................5 2.0 History of Aerodynamic Features - Momentous Design Innovations..............6 3.0 Features of the Front Half of the F1 Vehicle..................................................6 3.1 Front Wing...........................................................................................6 3.2 Wheels.................................................................................................8 3.3 Suspension............................................................................................9 3.4 Barge Boards.......................................................................................10 3.5 Brake Cooling......................................................................................11 4.0 Features of the Rear Half of the F1 Vehicle.................................................11 4.1 Rear Wing...........................................................................................11 4.2

  • Word count: 5943
  • Level: AS and A Level
  • Subject: Design and Technology
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ICT Meeting Special Needs

ICT Meeting Special Needs In this report I am going to discuss a wide range of technologies that a person with special needs uses. I am also going to write a short evaluation about how the technology meets the needs of the person. The person I have chosen to do my report on is my Uncle. My Uncle is 45 years old and suffers from a visual impairment, which means he has a lot of difficulties in reading and looking. He has suffered from this illness through his whole life. He works as an accountant and has been doing for over 20 years. Social Life Speech recognition system My Uncle uses many technologies at home. He uses his computer with many other technologies to help him use the computer at home to check his emails and send emails, and make letters using Microsoft Word. He uses the speech recognition system to input word or to navigate the web pages. This technology is very simple to use and its 98/99% correct. With this technology he can make documents send emails and surf the without having to type anything. He can also have a choice of what he wants to use a headset or microphone. He would first have to train the computer by reading out what it says on the screen. Evaluative Comment for social life As my Uncle has a visual impairment it would be really hard for him if he didn't have the speech recognition system to help him use the computer. He has now been training

  • Word count: 1082
  • Level: AS and A Level
  • Subject: Design and Technology
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AS DT specifiation

Specification Function The primary function of a lamp is to light the area or environment that is it placed in. The lamp will be used in contemporary environment because this type of environment id more suited to the lamp as it has calming basic colours and furniture and a calm and soothing area. From conducting and completing my research on contemporary design I have found out that it must and should blend in with the environment it is placed in from modern to older environments to make the environment a more attractive and more of a original area to give it a one of a kind look and feel to the environment that it is placed in from its design to the colours and size. In my primary research my question air i have given the costumers a choice of what colour they prefer and there fought of how they would like their lamp and how they like their house and decorations etc. Therefore asking them what design they think is the superior one and also offering them their own choice of what else to include on the lamp. The lamp should be safe and fire resistance with soothing clam aesthetic colours to go with the room making the lightning and room relaxing and a pleasure of enjoying the way you relax or watch TV or anything you do in that room which you find appropriate, the design of the lamp should also be safe around pets and humans to not cause any damage or harm. Secondary

  • Word count: 1043
  • Level: AS and A Level
  • Subject: Design and Technology
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Design Principles and Appliction - Constraints

The Client Briefing Stage A: Inception At the start of the design process the architect must carefully define the client's needs. This is sometimes called the client brief. At this stage the client approaches the architect for his professional assistances. The architect agrees to help him and establishes the terms of his appointment and the client's requirements. The architect has to undertake the following tasks: * check it is possible to accept the job, including satisfying himself the client is genuine and has the resources to finance the project, making sure that no other architects are involved, and that he has the resources to meet the client's needs; * agree the terms of the appointment, including responsibilities, fees, employment of the quantity surveyor and other consultants, and channels of communication; * obtain initial details of the client's requirements; * initiate office procedures, including opening files, a job book, fees, and other records and deciding how he will organise his part of the job and who will be involved. At least one meeting with the client will be necessary. The architect will probably avoid seeking too much detail from the client at this stage but will aim to establish the general nature of his requirements, together with the location of the site and some detail. The information obtained can be recorded on a briefing

  • Word count: 2001
  • Level: AS and A Level
  • Subject: Design and Technology
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How do you use ergonomics?

What is ergonomics? Most people have heard of ergonomics and think it is something to do with seating or with the design of car controls and instruments. It is...but it is much more! Ergonomics is the application of scientific information concerning humans to the design of objects, systems and environment for human use. Ergonomics comes into everything which involves people. Work systems, sports and leisure, health and safety should all embody ergonomics principles if well designed. How do you use ergonomics? Ergonomics incorporates elements from many subjects including anatomy, physiology, psychology and design. Ergonomists apply their diverse knowledge to ensure that products and environments are comfortable, safe and efficient for people to use. What is 'ergonomic design'? Ergonomic design is a way of considering design options to ensure that people's capabilities and limitations are taken into account. This helps to ensure that the product is fit for use by the target users. Ergonomics Why is the video recorder one of the most frustrating domestic items to operate? Why do some car seats leave you aching after a long journey? Why do some computer workstations confer eyestrain and muscle fatigue? Such human irritations and inconveniences are not inevitable - ergonomics is an approach which puts human needs and capabilities at the focus of designing technological

  • Word count: 2203
  • Level: AS and A Level
  • Subject: Design and Technology
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Statements, Materials and Technology: Contemporary Chairs and Movements

Statements, Materials and Technology: Contemporary Chairs and Movements "A designer once made the perfect chair so perfect was it that it was not there He boasted about its immaculate form and use so righteous that it changed with his flux of thought A faultless chair was all concepts evolving at once but a faultless chair cannot exist he announced See! Though a faulty chair might not be perfect at least a faulty chair is ... there." -Cheshire Cat- (Wall 1994) Chan Kah Hoe 300061750 Reactions and rebellions against the established academia of the generation has brought forth some of the greatest thinkers and advances in science and technology, stretching back to that Renaissance scientists and artists, Leonardo Da Vinci and Michelangelo, through to the Classicist doctrine of the 18th century. This linear progression marks the growth of human civilization. Experimentation of the new to establish an alternative to tradition has been a driving force in our progress as a species. More specifically, the hunt for newer, more effective materials to work with defines civilizations. Think the Stone Age through to the Bronze Age; the Industrial Revolution that marked the beginning of our obsession with mass production. This essay would chronicle the evolution of furniture of the past 70 years, beginning with the modern movement of the 1930s through post-modernism of

  • Word count: 2431
  • Level: AS and A Level
  • Subject: Design and Technology
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Describe the benefits of technological developments in equipment and facility design in two contrasting sports Sport Football

Task 3 Describe the benefits of technological developments in equipment and facility design in two contrasting sports Sport Football Equipment Design features and benefits Football boots are light weight and are made of such materials as kangaroo leather. Most top level players have sock-liners which fit with the contours of foot to provide extra comfort and strategically-placed traction blades provide maximum grip. Football boots help with a player grip, acceleration and turning ability. Footballs have had technological advancements such as having air retention system, being high density and having a high abrasion surface which provides extra durability. The match balls played with in the premiership is precision engineered to exact standards to ensure that it is produced to within 3g of its ideal weight and to an exact circumference of 68.5cm. The benefits of the newer footballs are the increased swerve that the ball offers and a better accuracy of passing. Gloves The latest pair of reusch goalie gloves helps to prevent injury to the goalies hands through reusch Ortho-Tec glove which provides protection for vulnerable areas of the hand. The glove's upper hand is reinforced in a way that the fingers - including the thumb - are braced against forces occurring during a ball's impact. The system not only prevents injuries, it is also suitable to disburden and protect an

  • Word count: 3557
  • Level: AS and A Level
  • Subject: Design and Technology
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PENILE DISFUNCTIONALITY

For this task I was asked to compare two operating systems, the two operating systems I have chosen are Windows Vista and Xubuntu Linux the reason I have chosen these two operating systems is because of the main differences both of the operating systems play in the computer market. The purpose of an operating system is to manage all of the hardware and software on the computer and is also used as an interface for the end user to the computer. Without an Operating System the end user would not be able to use any of the software that is installed on the computer, and you won't be able to install anything on the computer. There are lots of things to take into account when considering an operating system and below I have explained what they are and why they are important. Built in software Both operating systems compared in this evaluation have free software that is added to the computer that does not need to be downloaded or installed. Windows Vista has a limited range of free software that are pre installed as factory standard onto the operating system such as internet explorer 7 for going on the internet and windows messenger for instant messaging capabilities. On the other hand Xubuntu Linux has an ample amount of programs because it s main source of open source software which include Mozilla Firefox for net browsing, open office for processing documents, GIMP for

  • Word count: 1458
  • Level: AS and A Level
  • Subject: Design and Technology
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