These uplifts are believed to be formed by a rebound in the Earth’s crust after extremely compression by impact forces. As the crust rebounds back it find itself under significantly less pressure because the impact has removed millions of tonnes of material from the surface. Because the crust is now effectively overcompensating, this causes rock from below the crater bottom to break through to the surface and overshoot to form an up lift. The 13 Henbury craters in Australia were discovered in May 1931. The crater lies in an elliptical pattern covering a total area of about 1.25 square kilometres. The main crater is highly elongated 220 metres by 110 metres and is actually the product of two craters formed very close together.
The other two craters lie very close to the main depression. All the smaller craters lie to the south and west of the main crater. Two large complex crater formations can be found in Canada. They are clear water lakes. Lake Manicouagen is a donut shaped bodies of water, approximately 70 kilometres a cross, with a broad central uplift. It is thought to be 200 million years old.
The clear water lakes, north of Quebec, lie next to each other and are about 20-30 kilometres across. The most infamous cosmic impact is thought to have been responsible for the extrication of the Dinosaurs 65 million years old. In 1991 evidence of an impact was found in Argentina. A pilot noticed shallow, teardrop impressions in the modem pampas. Have been caused as two fragments of meteorite broke up close to the ground and skipped over the Earth’s surface.
I am going to design and carry out investigation of factors affecting the size of impact craters.
Fair test
The factors, which would affect size of a crater, are:
- The height of the ball dropped.
- The size of a ball.
I will make this experiment as fair as possible. I am going to use a lead ball, but I am going to change the height of the ball dropped in the sand. In order to make it a fair test.
Apparatus +why
Callipers – because to measure the diameter of the crater
Meter rule – to drop the ball from different height
Clamp – to make sure that the ruler is kept inline with sand.
Sand – to make a crater from the lead ball dropped
Prediction
I predict that, in this experiment the lead ball drops in the sand, and the size of crater would increase. The scientific knowledge which supports this that the compression by impacts forces. As the crust rebounds back it find itself under significantly less pressure, because the impact has removed millions of tonnes of material from the surfaces.
Diagram
Method
- Set up the apparatus, showed in the diagram.
- Set
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