An explanation of the sequence and rate of each aspect of development from birth to 19 years.

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An explanation of the sequence and rate of each aspect of development from birth to 19 years.

Physical

The first month

Gross motor skills

The baby will lie on its back and cannot support his or her own head, if the baby puts on its tummy it will turn its head to the side and by one month old the baby can lift its head.

Fine motor skills

The baby is attracted to light and shiny objects and is interested in the human face, the baby’s hands will be clenched, and by one month the baby reacts to certain music, the baby turns his her head towards the light and stares at bright or shiny objects, The baby is fascinated by human faces and gazes attentively at carers face when fed or held

Communication and language development

The baby is responsive to language from birth and the baby responds to the mothers voice and the family’s voice, and the baby makes eye contact and communicates by crying that they are hungry or wants there nappy change so the baby has a conversation in one form.

Intellectual development

Babies are sensitivity to touch and they have the startle response known as the moro reflex. The new born baby will respond to sound and the human voice is the first sound that the baby responds to. The baby has a preference for sweet tastes in order that it likes breast milk. The baby smells breast milk. The baby is tuned in to the human face and the baby can focus on objects

Emotional and social development:

The baby’s first smile is about 5 to six week. A baby smiles in response to the carer, the baby often imitates certain facial expressions, the baby uses total body movements to express pleasure at bath time of when being fed, the baby enjoys feeing and cuddling, the baby can learn that he is separate from the month

One to four months

Physical development

Gross motor skills

From four to twelve weeks

The baby can lift its head and by eight to twelve weeks can lift its head and chest supported on forearms. The baby can kick its legs and the baby begins to use hands to grasp people’s fingers and rattles

Fine motor skills

From four to twelve weeks

The baby moves his or her head to follow adult movements the baby watches his or her hands and plays with his or her fingers, the baby holds a rattle for a brief time before dropping it

Communication and language development

From four to eight weeks

the baby’s cries become different and the cries become different as the baby is communicating different needs, the baby gets excited by the mother and the people that care for it, the baby begins to babble and is responsive to the voices of those of the mother and to those who are close to him or her and the baby starts to imitate sounds of peoples voices, the sounds of the human voice helps the baby to babble

From eight to twelve weeks

The baby is still upset by sudden loud noises, the baby will suck or lick lips when he or she hears sound or food being made, the baby shows joy at the sounds of footsteps or voices coming.

During the first 3 months

Communication and language development

The baby responds in babble when adults talk in motherease or fatherease to the baby, the baby cries in fury to make it known that they are tired or that they need a nappy change. The baby shows affection to those who are close and very close to them

Intellectual Development

The baby knows different speech sounds, the baby can do impressions of low or high pitched sounds, by four months the baby can make connections with objects they know with the noise that comes with it e.g the mothers voice and her face. The baby knows the smell of her mother from that of other people.

Emotional and social development

Four to eight weeks

The baby will smile in reaction to an adult, the baby enjoys sucking, the baby turns to its favourite persons voice , the baby knows the face and hands of its favoured adult, the baby may stop crying he or hears, sees or feels his carer.

Eight to twelve weeks

The baby shows amusement at caring routines such as nappy change, the baby responds with obvious delight to loving attention and cuddles, while feeding to baby stares at the mother without blinking, the baby sleeps less.

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Four to six months

Physical development

Gross motor skills

The baby starts to use a palmer grasp and can move objects from hand to hand, the baby becomes engrossed in all activity, the baby puts all things in his or her mouth, the baby moves his head around to follow people and things.

Fine motor skills

The baby can sit with support from the mother and has good head control, the baby rolls over from back to side and is beginning to reach for objects, when suphine the baby plays with her feet, the baby’s head is held up when ...

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