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Introduction

M. Ugiagbe Omi Chowdhury CU149521 Unit 5- Anatomy and physiology for Health and Social Care P4- Explain the physiology of two named body systems in relation to energy metabolism in the body. In this assignment I will be explaining the physiology of two named body systems in relation to energy metabolism in the body. Firstly, I will start off by giving a definition of energy metabolism in the body. Metabolism in the body is a collection of chemical reactions that takes place in the body?s cells. Metabolism converts the nutrients in the food that we eat in to essential energy which is needed to power all that we do, from something as little as thinking to growing physically or carrying out a physical activity. In our body?s, there are specific proteins which controls the chemical reactions of metabolism. http://kidshealth.org/teen/your_body/body_basics/metabolism.html Secondly, the two body systems that I will write about in relation to energy metabolism are: the cardiovascular system and the digestive system. The cardiovascular system. The heart is the vital muscle that pumps blood around the body through arteries, capilleries and veins. One of the functions of the heart is to carry around blood which contains dissolved oxygen to the body cells and then banishes any wastage of respiration. ...read more.

Middle

4. Ventricular systole forces blood into the aorta on the left side and pulmonary artery on the right side. These arteries have elastic walls and begin to expand. 5. As the blood leaves the ventricles, the muscles starts to relax. For a fraction of a second blood falls backwards, catching the pockets of the semi-lunar valves and making them close. 6. With the ventricles in a diastole, the atrio-ventricular valves are pushed open with the blood that has been filling the atria. When the ventricles are about 70% full, the atria contract to push the remaining blood in swiftly and the next cycle has begun. When the chambers are in a diastole and relaxed, they are still filling. The heart never goes empty of blood, due to it being a continuous cycle. With a high heart rate, it is the filling time that has been shortened. The Digestive system Food is taken into the mouth and is mixed with saliva. It is then masticated by the tongue and teeth and is rolled into a small ball which is known as a bolus and swallowed. This is an important part of breaking the food down as it must be done at an early stage. ...read more.

Conclusion

When a new bond is made amongst two atoms, energy is necessary for its establishment. This is usually in the form of heat, although light and electrical energy can be used. However, when a bond is broken and atoms are released, the energy in the bond is unconfined as well. Other methods of energy are heat, light, sound, electrical and nuclear. Energy metabolism and the role of energy in the body At this stage, you be wondering why there is a considerable amount of emphasis on energy related to muscular activity and movement. Nevertheless, energy is also needed to circulate blood. Lymph and tissue fluid throughout the body. Energy is also needed for breathing, taking in oxygen, making new cells, carrying out growth and repair and to transmit nerve impulses so that we can respond to changes in the environment. Lastly, energy is needed to build different complex molecules such as enzymes and hormones from the simple molecules produced after digestion of food. Anabolism and catabolism Catabolic reaction is responsible for the chemical reaction of breaking down molecules. The oxidation of glucose inside cells are a catabolic reaction, yet there are many more. However, the opposite process is building complex molecules from simple substances and using energy, the name for this is Anabolic reaction. Reference http://kidshealth.org/teen/your_body/body_basics/metabolism.html Resource: Aldworth,C Et Al, 2010, EDEXCEL BTEC Level 3 Health and Social Care, Book 1,Pearson Education Limited http://nursingcrib.com/wp-content/uploads/pulmonarycirculation-261x300.jpg http://www.umm.edu/graphics/images/en/8710.jpg ...read more.

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