P4 Explain two theories of ageing

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Health and social care

P4 – Explain two theories of ageing

M2 – Discuss the major theories of ageing in relation to the development of the individual

The Disengagement Theory…

The disengagement theory argues that older people will need to disengage from others, socially due to illnesses and physical health. Elaine Cumming & William Henry wrote about the theory in 1961 which was in a book called ‘Growing Old’. Cumming & Henry based their theory on 172 middle classed individuals between the ages of 48 – 68. They also believed that elderly people will be less concerned about what their expectations are within the society.

The disengagement theory is when the elderly person will withdraw from social contact with others. Older people will disengage because of reduced physical health and loss of social opportunities.

Engagement means being involved with people or activities. Disengagement is when someone withdraws them self from involvement. Elaine Cumming and William Henry in 1961 put forward That as people began to age they would naturally tend to withdraw from social involvement with others due to the restricted opportunities to have interaction with other people close to their age.

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Due to all of these things this will make it harder for the elderly person to socialise and interact with other people close to their age or a family member.

Ms’ Cumming also put forward that people will experience social disengagement as they begin to mature they will begin to worry less about what people think about them and what people think they should do.

Elderly people may begin to have befriender’s who act as a friend to benefit them in ways such as keeping them company to make sure that they don’t become disengaged from the society.

Moreover, ...

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