Revision notes on the Blood & Circulation

Authors Avatar by goofrank (student)

STAGE I: BIOLOGY A

Blood & Circulation

Consists of:

Heart

Blood – carries oxygen and carbon dioxide. Contains of red blood cells, oxygen, urea (waste products – they travel down to the kidneys.), white blood cells (immunity), carbon dioxide, water, insulin (helps control blood sugar levels) – In the blood vessel oxygen is given to cells and they return CO2 back into the blood vessel.

Blood – transport nutrients

Transport waste to kidney

Antibodies

Heat distribution

Blood vessels – arteries, veins, capillaries (found in lungs – alveoli.)

Blood is transported in a closed circuit

Multiple functions

Single Circulatory System – Fish

Deoxygenated blood travels from veins into atrium into ventricle then into gills where it turns into oxygenated blood then travels into aorta to systemic capillaries then into veins and the process occur again.

So 1 pump of the heart sends blood straight from the gills to the rest of the body.

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Double Circulatory System - Humans

1 – pulmonary circuit – pumped to lungs through right artery (pulmonary artery) for gas exchanged then travels back to heart where 2 occur.

2 – systemic circuit – pumped to the rest of the body through left pulmonary vein.

1st pump gas exchange occurs.

2nd pump gets sent to the body.

The human heart

Blood without oxygen s right side of the heart.

Blood flow through the heart in one direction.

Valves control the blood flow (2 on each side) – open and close at different times.

Heart has two sides ...

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