P1

Explain how individual right can be respected in a supportive relationship?

To be able to have a good relationship amongst service users and care workers there have got to trust each other because without trust the wont be able to have a good relationship as it can be difficult because of the lack of trust. Trust can be gained through the way care workers communicate with there service users, patience, and an appropriate behavior this way a care worker and a service user will develop a supportive relationship. It’s also very important that service users needs and beliefs are respected as well as valued. Care workers shouldn’t think the got all the power for there service users just because there in there care. Service users have got the same rights as everybody else regardless. Care workers have got to apply to the care value base in order to be able to treat service users in an appropriate way. Treating people equally means treating service users fairly without discrimination.

A relationship is a connection among two or more people. .for instance  group of friends or sexual partners. Professional relationship is a link between a patient /service user and the people that provide there care. This sort  of relationship has boundaries, limitations and expectations; that must be valued and applied at all times in order to have a supportive and good relationship.

All health and social care professionals should understand this, because it is always stated and fully explained in their codes of conducts and ethics. New employess need to be told by there employers the importance of having a good relationship with the people there going to be looking after, a new employee has also got to be told to respect service users rights at all times and not treat then in a way that will make a service users feel useless and valued

Its very important that in places that look after the vulnerable the should Promote the right of each  individual this is because service users will feel less vulnerable and will feel better as there are been supported in the things there are unable to do ..  service user should not be  harmed and abused by system, organisations and other individual by instead should be protected from anything bad that shouldn’t happen to them.. These rights allow individual to reach their potential and access the same opportunities as everyone else. Individual right have been put in place; to promote equality and value diversity.

every human being has the following right such as:

to be treated as an individual , taking into account ones diversity and differences            

  • to be respected.

  • The right to be treated equally and fairly and not to be discriminated

  • To have privacy

.

  • The right to be protected from danger and harm.

  • To be able to practice ones own diversity and difference in terms of culture, religion , race , disability, sexuality, beliefs , behaviour , eating and hygiene habits

  • To be communicated with in ones preferred manner.

to be cared for in a way that meets their needs and choices

P2 Describe how different forms of abuse that may be experienced by vulnerable adults.

There are nine types of abuse they are:

  • Physical
  • Sexual
  • Psychological
  • Financial
  • Neglect
  • Discriminatory abuse
  • Institutional abuse
  • Self harm
  • Domestic violence/abuse

Abuse: May be physical, psychological, sexual, financial, negligent, reckless behaviour which endanger self or others as well as self-harm. It also   includes discrimination, bullying, and violent ill-treatment, speaking harshly, roughly or using harsh and rude comments to an individual. Abuse may be intentional or unintentional. When a person abuses another person they disobey their human and civil rights. Abuse may occur regularly and systematically or just once.

Physical abuse

Physical abuse can be describe as hitting, slapping, kicking and pushing- the sort of actions involved in bulling. These abuse may carried out by care worker who lose their temper with a client because they are being difficult or it may be in retaliation for being hit with a chair by a client who have dementia.

It cloud be in a care home where client often refuses to get her medication and suffering from arthritis and can not take the medication by her self. When the care worker tries to give her the medication, she still refuses to take her medication. So the care worker try to false her take it.

Physical abuse can include:

  • Forcing a person to eat or drink
  • Locking up or confining a person
  • Hitting, slapping, shaking, punching, pulling or dragging a person
  • Burning or scalding a person
  • Withholding care which causes physical discomfort, such as ignoring requests to go to the toilet, causing physical discomfort or incontinence
  • Handling a person in a rough manner without consideration of their well being

Examples are:

Each evening a care worker came to put her to bed. The whole process was done in a rush - no wash - on/off commode - changed and into bed. The care worker said very little but complained about what she had to do and how useless the older woman was. The caller found it difficult to get comfortable once the care worker had hurried out.

An older man was partially paralysed as a result of a stroke. He had care workers who came into his home three times a day, but his wife cared for him the rest of the time. Over time, his wife became increasingly aggressive. One night, when he asked her to help him to the toilet, she pushed him and he fell, hitting his head. She then helped him up and slapped him across the face. Unwilling to call Social Services, the man called the Action on Elder Abuse helpline who advised him to work out a schedule with family and friends so that his wife would get some free time and feel less isolated. Such a schedule was developed and life at home improved significantly.

Sexual abuse

This abuse may range from inappropriate touching to rape. Staff how has a duty of care towards service users and it is inappropriate and against professional guidelines (and in some case, illegal) for them to engage in a sexual relationship with someone who is in their care. Some care worker’s have inappropriate relationships with service users in their care who have had learning disabilities. The individual have not been able to give their full consents to such activities because of their limited understanding of the situation.

Sexual abuse through contact can include:

  • Vaginal or anal rape
  • Buggery
  • Incest
  • Touching someone in a sexual manner
  • Forcing a person to touch another person in a sexual manner

Sexual abuse through non- contact can include:

  • Forcing a person to watch pornography or adult entertainment without full understanding of what this may involve.

  • Subjecting a person to indecent revelation, sexual innuendoes, harassment or inappropriate photography.

  • Looking at a person’s body inappropriately

  • Not giving a person a choice to have a care worker of the same gender to provide intimate personal care.

A volunteer used to collect an older woman every week so she could attend lunch at a local day centre. At first he gained her trust by being kind and friendly, and she came to regard him as a friend. However, he started to molest her, touching her breasts and kissing her, putting his tongue in her mouth. This went on for a number of years, before she confided in a friend, who then contacted Social Services.

Psychological abuse

Psychological or emotional abuse: This type of abuse relates to any action that damages an individual’s mental well- being. The effects of emotional abuse will reduce an individual’s quality of life and their self-esteem to the extent that they will be less likely to achieve their full potential.

Client who is being abused will also be threatened to keep quiet. He or she might told that it need to kept secret or they will be kick out of there they live, if someone else’s know about it. Some care worker try to put downs some client by calling them some name in front of other people and also humiliates them as well. These behavior ceausing sevicer users to lose their self-respect and pride and can lead to a self-fulfilling prophecy.

Emotional or psychological abuse can include:

  • Ignoring a person
  • Subjecting a person to threatening behaviour
  • Bullying or harassment
  • Disregarding a person’s opinions, life experience or personal history
  • Forcing a person to live in fear or in a culture of intimidation, for example, always blaming them for things
  • Blaming a person  for something they are not able to control, such as being incontinent
  • Rejecting a person or intentionally withholding emotional support or affection from them
  • Treating someone inappropriately for their age or culture background, such as using baby talk to an adult with learning disabilities or dementia.
  • Service users being assaulted by other residents in care home
  • Patients in mixed psychiatric wards raping or sexually assaulting other patients

Emotional or psychological abuse can range from name-calling or giving the "silent treatment" to intimidating and threatening the individual. When a family member, a caregiver, or other person behaves in a way that causes fear, mental anguish, and emotional pain or distress, the behavior can be regarded as abusive. Emotional and psychological abuse can include insults and threats. It can also include treating the older person like a child and isolating the person from family, friends, and regular activities-either by force or threats or through manipulation.

Financial abuse

Financial abuse: This is the theft or misuse of an individual’s money or personal possessions to advantage another person.

Financial abuse might happen when a services user receives home care and support. They might be used to leaving their purse on the sideboard and then they think they are becoming forgetful because they don’t seem to have as much money as they had originally thought.

Some client may not be able to find their jewellery they want to worn but may not find it thinking that they have giving it to someone or misplaced it. Not knowing that it might be a care worker who is sealing from them.

Financial abuse can include:

  • Stealing a person’s money or belongings
  • Not giving a person access to their money or controlling their money and benefits
  • Spending a person’s money without their consent
  • Removing, buying or selling a person’s belongings without their knowledge or consent
  • Borrowing a person’s money or possessions
  • Taking loans out in a person’s name without their knowledge or consent
  • Asking a person to sign financial document when they have been assessed as not having the mental capacity to consent.

        

An elderly person with restricted mobility may ask a neighour to collect their weekly pension from the Post Office and do some shopping for them. The neighbuor or friend might ask if they can buy some things for themselves and promise to pay back if they get money. It could be happen every week but the service user may not say anything because they may think that there is know one to collect there pension.

Personal care worker employed by a local authority contract visited an older lady in her home regularly for weeks. When the regular care worker went on holiday the woman discovered that the temporary care worker did the shopping much more cheaply. Investigations revealed that the regular care worker had been taking small sums of money each time she did the shopping - not only from this lady but from several others that this care worker visited.

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An agency care worker had been looking after a paralysed older woman. The care worker had been taking her own washing in and using the older woman's washing machine. The care worker also took her own computer in and put her internet use on the lady's phone bill. She would purchase items in her name and address, and also ran up large credit card bills in the older woman's name.

Neglect

Neglect can be said to take place when there is a failure to provide proper care and attention. In children, there is usually clear evidence of a failure ...

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