Unit 14 - Identifying and treating physiological disorders.

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Jessica Bascombe 20174011 Group D Unit 14: Psychological Disorders

Unit 14 P1: Explain the nature of two named physiological disorders.

Unit 14 P2: Explain the signs of symptoms related to two named physiological disorders.

Diabetes: This is a life-long condition that causes individuals blood sugar level to become too high, there are 2 types of diabetes: Type 1 and Type 2. Type 1 attacks and destroys the body’s immune system; it also destroys the cells, which create insulin. As a result of this no insulin is produced, and individuals glucose levels increase which can seriously damage the body organs. Individuals who have Type 1 Diabetes depend on insulin injections, for the rest of their lives they would need to pay close attention to certain parts of their life style, and health to ensure there blood glucose levels stays balanced by e.g. eating health and getting regular blood tests. Type 2 Diabetes is when the body doesn’t produce enough insulin or maybe individuals’ body cells don’t react to insulin. Individuals who are diagnosed with this control their symptoms by eating healthy and monitoring their blood sugar levels, but however they would still need medication such as tablets. Another type of diabetes is Gestational diabetes which woman get when they are pregnant, some women have such high blood sugar levels that their body is unable to produce enough insulin to absorb it all. Gestational diabetes can increase their risk of health issues developing in an unborn baby, so it is important that woman keep their blood sugar levels under control. Gestational Diabetes develops during the 14-26weeks of their pregnancy and sometimes disappears after the baby is born.

 

Coronary Heart Disease: This is when your hearts blood supply is blocked by a build-up of fatty substances in the coronary arteries. The walls on the arteries can become furred up with fatty deposits, this is called atheroma, and this is caused by smoking, high cholesterol, high blood pressure and diabetes. If a professional thinks that an service user has CHD researching they will carry out a risk assessment which involves: family history, individuals life style and taking blood test, they also would do a test to confirm diagnosis of CHD including:

  • X-Rays
  • MRI Scan
  • CT Scan

The has been no found cure for coronary heart disease, although it can reduce by managing symptoms and changes of problems such as heart attacks, improving individuals’ life style, such as doing regular exercise, stop smoking, eating balanced diet and controlling blood sugar levels.

Stroke: This is a medical condition which happens when the blood supply to part of brain is cut off the main symptoms of stroke can be seeing individuals face dropping on one side, they may not be about to smile or their eye may have dropped. Their arms would not be able to lift and cold be weak as well as numb, individuals’ speech maybe unclear because they are unable to talk. Smoking, being over-weight, lack of exercise, and poor diet can increase the chance of stroke; high blood pressure, high cholesterol, and diabetes can also increase the risks. Treatment for individuals who had a stroke can depend on which part of the brain was affected, and what caused it. Strokes can be treated with medication such as prescribed drugs to prevent blood clots and to reduce blood pressure also cholesterol levels. Sometimes surgery may be required, this is so the heart can be cleared form the fatty deposits in the arteries to repair the damage. Damage from a stroke can be non-temporary for rehabilitation, which will depend on the symptoms and how serve they are. A team of specialists would be available to help those including therapists, speech therapists and specialist nurses/doctors.

Hypertension (High Blood Pressure): This measures how strongly the bloody presses against the walls of the large blood vessels as it is pumped around the body around your heart if their pressure is too high, it puts strain on your arteries and your heart attack. Blood pressure is measured in mm and recorded as 2 figures systolic pressure; this is the pressure of the blood when individuals’ heart beats to pump out blood. Blood pressure is also recorded as diastolic this is the pressure of individuals blood when it rests in-between beats. As individuals age their chances of high blood pressure increases also individuals increase their risk if individuals are:

  • Over Weight
  • Eating a lot of Salt
  • Don’t eat enough fruit and vegetables
  • Drink a lot caffeine and alcohol
  • Aged 65 & over

Parkinson’s disease: This is a condition where a part of the brain becomes damaged over many years; there are 3 main symptoms for Parkinson’s disease: shaking, muscle stiffness, depression and daytime sleepiness. There is no cure for this disease but there is a medication, which can reduce and relive the symptoms called Levodopa. Parkinson’s disease is caused because of the lack and loss of nerve cells in a part of the brain, which leads to reduction of chemicals in the brain, this is important because of the movement of the body, relies on the chemicals in the brain. As individuals age they come more likely to get this disease, men are more likely to get Parkinson’s disease than woman.

Alzheimer’s disease: This is a progressive loss of brain cells, individuals are more at risk if they are elderly, and have a family history of this condition previous head injuries and lifestyle factors. Alzheimer’s disease can get worse as it develops early symptoms can be individuals experiencing minor memory issues and difficulty saying the right words. Symptoms can change and worsen as the disease develops, it can lead to disorientation, changes in personality and behaviour. There is no test’s that can be used to diagnose Alzheimer’s disease, individuals’ GP’s would also question about any problems they be experiencing, there is no cure for Alzheimer’s disease, although there is medication that can slow sown the development of the condition, Alzheimer’s is most common in people ages 65 and over and affects men more than women.

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Dementia: Individual risk of Dementia increase as you get older the condition starts to occur around the age of 65. Dementia is a syndrome, which is associated on going decline of the brain and its abilities, this includes problems with:

  • Memory Loss
  • Thinking Speed
  • Mental Ability
  • Language
  • Understanding
  • Judgement

Individuals can become uninterested in their usual activities and have problems controlling their emotions; they also see and hear that other people don’t, such as hallucinations. As individuals with dementia can have difficulty planning and organising so maintaining their independence can become a problem so therefore they usually need ...

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