Unit 14 Physiological disorders - diabetes and stroke

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Lissa Williams

Unit 14 Physiological Disorders

Task One – P1, P2, P3, M1

Explain the nature of two physiological disorders

Diabetes

Type 2 diabetes

Type 2 diabetes is where the body does not produce enough insulin, or the body's cells do not react to insulin. This is known as insulin resistance.

Type 2 diabetes is far more common than type 1 diabetes. In the UK, around 90% of all adults with diabetes have type 2 diabetes.

If you are diagnosed with type 2 diabetes, you may be able to control your symptoms simply by eating a healthy diet and monitoring your blood glucose level. However, as type 2 diabetes is a progressive condition, you may eventually need medication, usually in the form of tablets.

Type 2 diabetes is often associated with . Obesity-related diabetes is sometimes referred to as maturity-onset diabetes because it is more common in older people.

Read more about , and use the  to check you are a healthy weight. 

Abbas Esmailjee is an Arab male aged between 40-50 who has suffered from type 2 diabetes for 6 years.  Abbas had signs and symptoms which made him go and visit their GP in the first place, these symptoms included; blackouts, urinating more than often, him being tired every day during the day and rapid weight loss. After visiting the GP, and finding out he’s diagnosed, they put him on prescribed him on tablets he has to take every day.  Abbas was a sporty person prior to developing type 2 diabetes, since having it has changed and affected his normal functioning, where he would urinate more often than normal and be thirsty, Abbas does find himself a lot nowadays having diarrhoea, because diabetes has caused nerve damage also. Diabetes ran in Abbas’s family, he’s dad and mother both suffered from diabetes, so this can also be inherited.

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With diabetes, one of the first symptoms people will have is excessive thirst. This indicates that the pituitary gland is working overtime to keep up with the demand of blood glucose.

Endocrine system function and structure

The endocrine system is a unique and essential part of normal body function. Where the nervous system handles functions that happen quickly, like breathing and body movement, the endocrine system handles body functions that happen much slower, such as the growth of cells, organs, and metabolism. One of the main roles of the endocrine system is to maintain a steady setting in the body. ...

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