Key Question 4 - What have we learnt so far?

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Key Question 4

8th December 2008

Jenny Greenwood & James Shelford

Why was the Rump Parliament Fragile?

Scottish:

What did Scotland want Charles to agree to?

Abandon Anglicanism and to take the Presbyterian covenant.

What was Charles hoping for?

That either the Royalist Montrose still fighting in Scotland or Ormonde in Ireland would have decisive victories which could give him an independent Royalist power base.

Why did Charles have no choice in the end but to accept Scotland’s terms?

Because both of these were defeated he had to accept the terms of the Scottish Presbyterians and had to make a public statement opposing his fathers and mothers religions.

What happened at Dunbar in 1650?

Cromwell lead an army across borders in June, he achieved victory in September, his army of 3000 trapped by the sea (at a disadvantage) defeated the Scottish army of 10, 000. He then set about reducing the rest of Scotland helped by the divisions among the Scots, many of whom has only reluctantly taken up Charles cause.

The ‘Third’ Civil War:

What did Charles do in 1651? Why would Royalists not support him?

Invaded England in the Summer with a Scottish army, English Royalists disliked his Scottish allies and the idea of another civil war did not rise to support him.

What happened in Worcester and why was this so significant?

  • 3rd September 1651
  • Cromwell defeated Charles using NMA and local militia
  • Significant because it showed the popularity of Parliament
  • After this Charles fled abroad
  • The republic never faced serious military threat again.
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Levellers:

The main threat to the Rumps security came from within England via the levellers and they had to be crushed.

What did the levellers want?

To offer all male householders who contributed to poor relief the vote, they also wanted back pay.

What was the name of the pamphlet Lilburne wrote and what was happened to him as a consequence of this?

“England’s New Chains Discovered” , Lilburne accused the army of bring back slavery to England, consequently Lilburne was brought before the army council and examined, this provoked a minor mutiny within Armys cavalry regiments.

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