Anatomy and physiology for sport and exercise

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UNIT 1: Anatomy and Physiology for Sport and Exercise finished

Skeleton bones

A skeleton is a strong framework of about 206 bones that protects the body's organs, supports the body, and provides attachment points for muscles to enable body movements. The skeletal system is a living, dynamic system, with networks of infiltrating blood vessels. Living mature bone is about 60% calcium compounds and about 40% . Hence, bone is strong, hard and slightly elastic. All humans were born with over 300 bones but some bones, such as those in the skull and lower , fuse during growth, thereby reducing the number. Although mature bones consist largely of , most bones in the skeleton of , including humans, began as cartilage.

Collagen- is a protein found abundantly throughout the bodies of animals, including humans. In fact, collagen makes up about one-third of the total body weight. Collagen is an important component of the body's connective tissues, which perform a variety of functions in the body

Vertebrates They all have an internal skeleton of bone and/or cartilage, which includes a bony cranium surrounding the  and a bony vertebral column enclosing the spinal cord

The Axial and Appendicular Skeleton

Skull Bones | Skull Anatomy

The human skull (cranium) it is made out of 22 bones. The skull ( cranium)  you can brake it down into two regions, the cranial section and the facial section. The cranial bones are the bones that make up your face. The primary functions of skulls are to protect the brain and support of the face.

List of all Cranial Bones

 

  • frontal bone
  • parietal bone
  • temporal bone
  • occipital bone
  • sphenoid bone
  • ethmoid bone
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Skeleton Joints

Individual bones meet at areas called joints and are held in place by connective . Most joints, such as the elbow, are called synovial joints, for the synovial  which envelopes the joint and secretes a lubricating fluid. Cartilage lines the surface of many joints and helps reduce  between bones. The connective tissues linking the skeleton together at the joints are tendons and ligaments. Ligaments and tendons are both made up of collagen, but serve different functions. Ligaments link bones together and help prevent dislocated joints. Tendons link bone to muscle.

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