Identification and justification of the components of fitness in my sport.

AS and A Level Physical Education (Sport & Coaching)

In order to be a success at a particular sport, whether it’s playing football in the back garden or running in the Olympics for your country you must have skill, ability and technique. Skill is the ability to choose and perform the right techniques at the correct time, regularly and with the minimum of effort in a specific movement in a sport. Sportsmen use their skills to achieve particular objectives in their sport e.g. scoring a hat Rick of tries in rugby. Ability is the make up of a sportsman. A number of different aspects of your make up can be taken into consideration whilst talking about ability e.g. Height, Strength and co-ordination. We inherit our ability from our parents. Techniques are the basic movements that we make in any sport e.g. a block start in a 100m sprint. We can combine a number of different techniques to create a pattern of movement e.g. the triple jump.

In order to be a success in my sport I need several components of fitness.

Cardio Vascular Endurance

Strength

A large Aerobic Capacity (VO2 Max)

Flexibility

A large Stroke Volume

Skill related fitness:

Speed
Power
Hand-eye co-ordination
Agility

Skill, ability and technique are always closely linked. The book ‘ Advanced PE ‘ puts forward the equation:

“Skill = Ability + Technique. In order to perform a particular skill in sport, we must learn the required technique. In order to learn the technique fully, we must have the necessary ...

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In order to be a success in my sport I need several components of fitness.

Cardio Vascular Endurance

Strength

A large Aerobic Capacity (VO2 Max)

Flexibility

A large Stroke Volume

Skill related fitness:

Speed
Power
Hand-eye co-ordination
Agility

Skill, ability and technique are always closely linked. The book ‘ Advanced PE ‘ puts forward the equation:

“Skill = Ability + Technique. In order to perform a particular skill in sport, we must learn the required technique. In order to learn the technique fully, we must have the necessary abilities.”

“An organised co-ordinated activity in relation to an object or situation, which involves a whole chain of sensory, central and motor mechanisms” (Welford)

“Excellence of performance-the successful integration of a hierarchy of abilities (all the abilities we have) appropriate to a given task under given conditions. (Professor GP Meredith)

The difference between skill and ability is that a skill can be taught and changed and your ability is something that is inherited from your parents and cannot be taught.

Technique is something, which you need to have to complete a particular skill. It is often confused with skill. To perform a particular skill in any sport you will have to a required technique.

There are a number of classification continuums that may be used in conjunction with each other to build up a profile of a particular skill. There is Knapp’s open-closed continuum, which involves skills being categorised into open or closed skills. An example of an open skill is a tackle in hockey. It is very difficult to improve an open skill in any sport because the situation in which it occurs is always different but the skill will be improved over time through experience .An example of a closed skill is the shot putt. Closed skills can be improved easily due to the fact that there are no outside physical influences on the athlete, which means he or she can train easily for a closed skill.

There are other continuums such as coactive and interactive skills and also discrete and continuous continuum. To structure practices to enhance your performance for agility is very difficult as you are born with your abilities. However an Australian sports psychologist has found ways of improving hand/eye co-ordination by doing special eye exercises. These exercises are starting to be used more frequently in sports such as cricket to improve hand/eye co-ordination but they are not yet proven to work. Technique, according to most textbooks can be easily enhanced and improved. Your technique can be enhanced and improved by feedback from coaches telling you to change certain parts of your technique e.g. keeping your head over the ball whilst playing a forward defensive in cricket. This feedback can then be used to improve your technique and then you can go away and work on it in the next training sessions.

Warm-up

For rugby a sufficient whole body warm-up will last about fifteen minutes, but, in Athletics, particularly sprinting the warm-up should be at least twenty minutes. This is because your muscles are put through a great deal of stress in a short period of time and the maximum effort is required of them. It is also very important to warm up properly in rugby because your body is likely to bashed about a lot so your muscles have to be prepared. The warm-up for rugby is very different to the one for Athletics the reason been in ruby you use your shoulders and upper predominantly but in track athletics the are the main driving force.

Dale Anderson PPP Mr Awbery