Principals of training

Objectives of training programmes

Training programmes are created to prepare athletes for competition.  It is designed to improve their performance, skill, motor fitness, physical fitness and ability. To do this you need to use these principles of training:

Individual response

        This is dependant on many aspects such as gender, age, and trained/untrained.

Progressive overload

        Progressive overload is where the workload is increased gradually to help with physical modification according to the intensity, duration and type of training undertaken.

Recovery

        Fitness gains are produced during rest periods as well as in training. Only during a subsequent rest intervals prior to the next training session will the benefits be demonstrated. Rest and recovery can take several forms. Aerobic runs and cross training activities such as cycling can allow the body rest if they are not too demanding and different from the normal high intensity training activities. Such work should be performed at a high level well below normal training and competition activity.

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        The use of a heart rate monitor allows you to consider variations in resting heart rate that may indicate insufficient recovery from a previous training session or competition, or even the onset of illness. Similarly such monitors may allow you to regulate the training load to a set percentage of maximum capacity. This can prevent the unnecessary overload of an already stressed body. (See over-training). Rest must be a key feature of any training programme.

Specificity

        The design of exercise and training programmes must be specific to the sport or activity to be undertaken. Specificity means ...

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