Different theories on how we learn and what affects our learning. Four of these famous theories are the reinforcement theory, a humanist approach, experimental learning and a Cognitive- Gestalt approach. In this task I am going to explore three of these

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Kirsty Metcalfe                09/05/2007

Unit 6+17- Learning Theories

        In this task I am going to explore the factors that can influence the way people learn. Learning is a difficult word to give a definition to as it can be used in many different contexts. However, most people take the word ‘learning’ to mean acquiring new knowledge or skills. Some types of learning can result in a permanent change in behaviour or cause us to act in a certain way. In this task I am going to explore some theories on why this happens.

        There are many different theories on how we learn and what affects our learning. Four of these famous theories are the reinforcement theory, a humanist approach, experimental learning and a Cognitive- Gestalt approach. In this task I am going to explore three of these theories in some detail, these theories are the reinforcement theory, the humanist approach and experimental learning.

        The reinforcement theory, also known as behaviourism, is largely based on the work of Skinner and Ivan Pavlov, who were two scientists well known for their studies and work in animal behaviour. Behaviourists believe that environment is essential in shaping behaviour. The reinforcement theory is all based upon a person’s reaction to an event (stimuli). Skinner believes that we need reinforcement to keep us interested and complex learning requires a series of small, progressive steps. This theory is possibly the most common and is practiced often as the behaviour of the learner can be monitored and easily assessed. I have learnt in this environment before when I attended school as my good behaviour was always praised.

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        Another famous learning theory is a humanist approach, which was developed by a group of Americans in the 1950’s. A famous psychologist who supported this theory was Abraham Maslow. Maslow built a triangle based on our different needs; Maslow believed that in order to have a healthy, happy life you need to fulfil every section of the triangle in order to move up to the next level. At the bottom of the triangle are our basic physical needs, which involves our needs for food, water, and oxygen. Without these basic substances our bodies cannot survive and we are unable to ...

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