Analysis of available chlorine in household bleach
INTRODUCTION
Volumetric analysis is a common quantitative technique to obtain unknown concentration of a solution with a known volume by reacting it with a standard solution that has a known volume as well as an accurately known concentration. Standard solution can be obtained by reacting a solution against another solution whose concentration is known accurately or by dissolving a primary standard in a known volume of water.
The procedure of mixing the two solutions until they have just reacted completely, using burettes and pipettes, is known as titration. The equivalence point is the point when correct stoichiometric amounts of the chemicals are present. At the equivalence point of an acid-base reaction, the solutions are neutralised. The end point is the stage at which the indicator changes colour and when using an acid-base indicator, it is important to choose an indicator that changes colour close to the correct pH value at the end point.
INTRODUCTION
Volumetric analysis is a common quantitative technique to obtain unknown concentration of a solution with a known volume by reacting it with a standard solution that has a known volume as well as an accurately known concentration. Standard solution can be obtained by reacting a solution against another solution whose concentration is known accurately or by dissolving a primary standard in a known volume of water.
The procedure of mixing the two solutions until they have just reacted completely, using burettes and pipettes, is known as titration. The equivalence point is the point when correct stoichiometric amounts of the chemicals are present. At the equivalence point of an acid-base reaction, the solutions are neutralised. The end point is the stage at which the indicator changes colour and when using an acid-base indicator, it is important to choose an indicator that changes colour close to the correct pH value at the end point.