Chem Lab report. Standardization of hydrochloric acid by sodium carbonate solution

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Laboratory Report: Experiment 1

Standardization of hydrochloric acid by sodium carbonate solution

Name: Cheung Chun Hin, Harry        Class: 6L (12)                Date: 11-9-2009

Objective:

To determine the concentration of hydrochloric acid using sodium carbonate solution as a primary standard in volumetric analysis (acid-base titration)

Principle of method:

The concentration of the hydrochloric acid can be determined by the titration reaction between hydrochloric acid and sodium carbonate solution.

Na2CO3 (aq) + 2HCl (aq)  H2O (l) + CO2 (g) + 2NaCl (aq)

From the above equation,

We measure the volume of hydrochloric acid used in the titration (the difference of reading on the burette) and use it in calculating the concentration of hydrochloric acid.

So the molarity of the hydrochloric acid

Procedures:

  1. The mass of anhydrous sodium carbonate required was weighed to prepare 250.0 cm3 of 0.05M sodium carbonate solution.
  2. All anhydrous sodium carbonate was dissolved in a beaker with a suitable amount of deionized water and the mixture was stirred.
  3. Sodium carbonate solution was poured into a 250.0 cm3 volumetric flask and it was made up to the graduated mark using deionized water.
  4. The volumetric flask was shaken upside down for several times.
  5. 25.0 cm3 of sodium carbonate solution was pipetted into a conical flask.
  6. 3 drops of methyl orange indicator was added into the conical flask.
  7. Hydrochloric acid was poured into a burette.
  8. The initial burette reading was recorded.
  9. The reaction mixture in the conical flask was titrated with hydrochloric acid until it just changes from yellow to orange.
  10. The final burette reading was recorded.
  11. The titration was repeated several times to obtain 2-3 sets of consistent results.
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Results:

Titration between hydrochloric acid and sodium carbonate solution:

Mass of anhydrous sodium carbonate used = 1.325 g

The first trial will not be involved in calculation since it is not accurate.

Average volume of hydrochloric acid used = 26.11 cm3

Discussion:

The main aim in this experiment was to determine the concentration of hydrochloric acid by titration reaction with sodium carbonate solution.

It was found that the concentration of the given hydrochloric acid was 0.0957M and this result is quite acceptable and reliable because no great error was made in the ...

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