In this assignment I am going to look at the types of energy the body uses and how it is produced in the body. I will look work done in comparison to a person's body mass. I will calculate my Basal Metabolic Rate.

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Chloe Van Crugten        BTEC ND Sport and Exercise Science        09/05/2007

Scientific Principles for Sport and Exercise

Energy Systems

Kelly Bush

By Chloe Van Crugten

Contents

PAGE ONE: Title Page

PAGE TWO: Contents

PAGE THREE: introduction

PAGE FOUR: Energy and Work

PAGE FIVE: Basal Metabolic rate

PAGE SIX – NINE: Role of ATP and Re-synthesising ATP.

Introduction

                  In this assignment I am going to look at the types of energy the body uses and how it is produced in the body. I will look work done in comparison to a person’s body mass. I will calculate my Basal Metabolic Rate.

The importance of the concept of energy becomes obvious with respect to how versatile the human body is in terms of movement and sporting activities. Even in the same activity the energy requirements can differ from one moment to the next.

Energy cannot be created or destroyed; it can only be converted from one form to another. It is measured in joules or calories. The energy our body uses comes from food and is therefore known as chemical energy. Energy is produced by a series of complex chemical reactions and then converted into work by muscle contraction. If you don’t use energy it is stored as fat. Fat is potential energy and when we use the energy for movement it is converted into kinetic energy.

In sport it is important to be able to measure energy intake and expenditure. The internationally recognised unit for energy is 1joule. One joule is the energy required to move force of 1Newton over a distance of 1 meter. Mechanical energy allows an object to apply a force to another object causing displacement. There are two types of mechanical energy potential and kinetic.

Potential energy is stored energy and comes in two forms gravitational and elastic.  

Gravitational potential energy is when an object it at a height and can fall. When it falls it will have kinetic energy. The amount of gravitational potential energy is directly proportional to the mass of the object and the height at which it is.

Elastic potential energy is the energy stored in materials as a consequence of their stretching and compressing. A Trampoline has a lot of elastic potential energy. If an object has motion, whatever the direction it is said to have kinetic energy.

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Kinetic energy = ½ x M x VSquared

Where M = mass of object in kilograms

        V= speed of object (ms)

The units used would be kg ms-1 ms-1 or kgms2s-2. This unit is the equivalent of one N

The total amount of mechanical energy is the sum of the potential and kinetic energy.

Energy and work mean the same thing in scientific terms and are interchangeable as concepts, energy being the capacity or ability of a system to do work.

Work = force x distance moved (by the system acted upon by the force) ...

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