M2. Discuss the impact on individuals and society of genotypes resulting in developmental delay or impairment of normal body functioning

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Samaira Azim

Biology

 Fahmida Ahad

M2. Discuss the impact on individuals and society of genotypes resulting in developmental delay or impairment of normal body functioning

Downs syndrome is a disorder which is not hereditary, meaning it does not run in the family, but is still a genetic problem in the sense that Downs syndrome is caused by  having the extra chromosome 21.

Downs syndrome affects many aspects of an individual’s life depending on the type they are born with. There are3 different types of Downs syndrome such as

  •  Full Trisomy 21- where all the cells have a third 21st chromosome in them.
  •  Mosaic DS- where there are two cell lines which mean there are some cells that have the normal 46 chromosomes and some cells that have an additional 21st chromosome, creating 47 chromosomes in total, which creates a mosaic like pattern.
  •  Translocation DS- where some of or the entire third 21st chromosome is trans-located to another chromosome, usually the chromosome 14. This only occurs in about 3-5% of the Downs Syndrome population.
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Down’s syndrome is a life- long condition which develops whilst the baby is in the womb; affecting the individual’s normal physical development and causes moderate to severe learning difficulties. This is due to the fact that Downs syndrome causes the brain cells to deteriorate faster than a normal persons.

Children who are born with Down’s syndrome also have a higher chance of developing other conditions, including:

•problems with hearing and sight

•congenital heart disease – a general term that refers to a group of birth defects that affect the heart

•Alzheimer’s disease – a common type of dementia ...

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