Materials for different contact lenses

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Nicholas Yiu        02/05/2007

Materials for different contact lenses

There are three main types of contact lenses. They are hard contact lenses, soft lenses and gas permeable lenses. Contact lenses were invented a century ago. At the beginning, there are only hard contact lenses which are made out of glass, then soft contact lenses were invented and gas permeable lenses have only started the development in the last decade. They are trying new material for gas permeable lenses.

Hard contact lenses

Hard contact lenses nowadays are made of Polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) which is generally known as Perspex. It is the second stage of hard contact lenses. The advantage of hard contact lenses is that it doesn’t pull moisture from eyes. The hardness of the material cause it to retain shape better which make the vision crisper. Also, more different kind of lenses could be made out of it.  They also tend to last longer than soft contact lenses. They are cheaper than other contact lenses. However, the biggest disadvantage of hard contact lenses is that they do not stick to the cornea. This cause it to fall out of the eye easily and it is very hard to find because it is a very small piece of transparent. They also scratch easily. They are not very good for the health of the eyes because eyes need oxygen and they block the oxygen supply from the air. Hard contact lenses are also very uncomfortable. It takes a long time to get used to them.

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Soft contact lenses

Soft contact lenses are made of hydroxyethylmethacrylate (HEMA). The structure of the polymer contains OH chains which mean they are 35-80% water. Therefore, they are part way between solid and liquid. The advantage of soft contact lenses is that they are flexible, which make them easier to mould to the contours of the eyes. They allow some oxygen through which is essential for health of eyes. However, soft contact lenses tend to collect deposits and that harbour bacteria. They could dehydrate when it is left in the air, also, they tear easily. This makes them quite ...

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