see the rate of reaction when you have magnesium and add different molars of hydrochloric acid seeing how much gas is produced every ten seconds, recording the results, when it reacts with magnesium.

Punam Nayee

Rates of reaction – Coursework

Aim:

The aim of this investigation is to see the rate of reaction when you have magnesium and add different molars of hydrochloric acid seeing how much gas is produced every ten seconds, recording the results, when it reacts with magnesium.

Equipment:

Delivery tube
6* test tube
6 pieces of Magnesium
20 ml of hydrochloric acid (0M, 0.25M, 0.5M, 1.0M, 1.5M, 2.0M)
Tub of water
Measuring cylinder
Bung
Stopwatch

Diagram:

Method:

We have to set up the equipment. We do this by getting a tub of water. We then fill up the measuring cylinder and put our hand on the top and place in the tub without loosing any water.
Put Magnesium into test tube
Put the delivery tube into the measuring cylinder and the other end of the delivery tube into the test tube with the bung.
Add the Hydrochloric acid and start the stopwatch.
Record the results every 10 seconds so that we cans see how much gas is produced and the rate of reaction.
I will repeat each concentration 3 times.

Fair test:

This experiment will be a fair test this is because; when we add the Hydrochloric acid we are going to add the same amount each time of 20 ml. The variable that I am going to change is the different molars of hydrochloric acid. I am going to record the results every 10 seconds up to 2 minutes. All of these things are important because when doing an experiment you have to make sure that you didn’t make mistakes the first time round. So I have to be very precise when doing the experiment in order to get close answers to each other in all 3 attempts. I will also keep the temperature the same. When doing my experiment I am not going to collect gas if it is in really cold conditions or very hot I am going to have it at room temperature.

My prediction:

My prediction is that, I think that the larger the concentration molar goes up the faster it will react with the magnesium allowing there to be more gas being produced. The reason that I think this is because generally when you have something getting larger it reacts more than what it does when it is small. The concentration molar of the Hydrochloric acid gets more and stronger therefore that’s why I think it will react when the molar goes up each time, the more the concentration the more the molecules of hydrochloric in the 20 ml ...

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My prediction:

Results:

Analysis:

This graph shows the rate of reaction:

The reason that I did the average times at 30 seconds was because after 30 seconds it would either begin the stay the same or because the gas then begins to for very quickly as it reacts with the piece of magnesium.

I have done my experiment and have found out my results. My results are clear and therefore it allows me to know which concentration molar gives off the most gas using the hydrochloric acid. My set of results tells me that the lower the concentration molar is the less it will react. If the concentration molar is however higher then it is more likely to give off more gas because it is more reactive. This is because as the molar of concentration goes up the acid gets more and more strong. The hydrochloric particles collide with the magnesium which allows it to react. The more the hydrochloric acid the more collision there is.

The concentration of hydrochloric acid molar 0.25 started off with 9 ml of gas and gradually kept going up by 1 ml each time. For the concentration molar 0.5 it started off with 10 ml of gas being produced at 10 seconds. For the concentration molar 1 it started off with 10 ml and went up by 1 ml of gas being produced but then it was jumping, it went from 14 ml of gas being produced at only 10 seconds but by the time it got to 20 seconds it raced to 19 ml of gas being produced and this is what happened all throughout the 2 minutes.

In the concentration molar of 1.75 it started off with 33 ml of gas being produced and it immediately jumped to 49 and then it began to slow back down again this meant that the concentration was getting weaker it had already reacted and therefore wasn’t strong enough for it to have a constant speed of reaction. In the concentration molar 2 it was quite surprising because it started at 10 seconds by producing 20 ml of gas and then on after it was jumping ahead. It was unexpected that the molar 2 would react slowly because it is the largest molar.

The original prediction that I made was that every time the molar goes up the more it will react. My prediction was proven correct; the reason that I said that for my prediction was because it was logical. I think that I was correct but for the concentration molar 1.75 and molar 2 I saw some difference it wasn’t something that I was expecting but molar 1.75 ended up producing the most gas therefore my prediction wasn’t entirely correct.

Evaluation:

I think that overall I had good quality results, but the anomalous results that I had where for the concentration molar 1.75 and molar 2 but most of the time there was a pattern. The reason that the results may be odd is because it could be either that the results where not read properly, or perhaps the concentration had been kept for too long and therefore it may not be as reactive as it would be if it was new.

Overall I think that a firm conclusion would be to say that I think that the stronger the molar of the hydrochloric acid will react far greater with the Magnesium and therefore give off more gas.

If in the future I have to do this practical again I would use a stand to hold up the measuring cylinder up so that the results can be seen clearly.