The digestive system has two main functions, one of them is to convert food into nutrients in what the body requires, the other functions is to remove any waste which may be in the body.
Method - Starch test: First collect the food sample (liquid) and add a few drops of iodine solution (yellow/brown) and then check if the colour changes from yellow/brown to blue black ink then it will contain starch.
Fat test: We collected the food sample and we put it on a piece of paper and if it went through it contains fat.
Protein test: After we collected the food samples which were liquid in a test tube and added 5 drops of copper sulphate and 5 drops of sodium hydroxide and if the colour changes from blue to purple then the food sample does contain protein.
Sugar : First collect the food samples in a test tube and add a few drops of benedicts solution. Then place the test tube in a boiling water bath. If the colour changes from blue to green and then to orange to red the sample contains sugar. The colour changes depending on the concentration of the sample.
(P6) The body requires all the nutrients to remain healthy however different people will need a different variety and portion size compared to others, for example athletes will need a high diet in carbohydrates and meat because they need it to release energy and strengthen their bones more than an office worker would need it, however an office worker will need a lot of vitamin A because it spends its time on the computer working and this can damage their eyes.
If a person ate too much of the food groups then that person will have become over nourished and if that isn’t worked off then the body will become fatter and overweight, too much fatty foods and oils cause this.
However if a person ate too less of the food groups then that person will become under nourished which means that the body will become skinny and underweight. This is caused due to a lack of diet.
If a person ate too less of vitamin A then the eyes will have problems seeing at night however if it was too less vitamin C then the mouth will become affected and it will develop scurvy.
The body has different enzymes which digest the different food groups - Protease is the enzyme which attains to the breakdown of protein, Lipase is the enzyme which attains to the breakdown of fat and amylase is the enzyme which attains to the breakdown of starch.
Method – Mixing each of the food groups into the different test such as iodine test to see if it has this substance in it.
Other enzymes such as Maltase digests maltose to glucose, Lactase digests lactose to glucose and galactose, Sucrose digests sucrose to glucose and fructose
(M4)
Starch + water + (amylase) –> maltose
C6H10O5 + H20 –> C12 H22 O11
Structure of Maltose
Structure of Starch
Structure of Amylase
Structure of water
Fat + (bile) –> fat droplets
Structure of fat
Structure of bile
Structure of fat droplets
Fat droplets + water + (lipase) –> glycerol + fatty acids.
C55H98O6 + H20 à C3H8O3 + C18H34O2
Structure of fat droplets
Structure of water
Structure of lipase
Structure of glycerol
Structure of fatty acids
Protein + pepsin – (water, condensation reaction) –> amino acids
C44189H71252N12428O14007S321 + H20 + (PEPSIN) –>C2H5NO2
Structure of protein
Structure of pepsin
Structure of amino acids
Results -
Conclusion - The results suggest that all the different foods contained different food groups within them for example starch had iodine in it but it was the only on that had iodine, none of the other foods had iodine.
Strangely however albumin both contained copper sulphate solution and a little of fat because it turned slightly transparent.