What are 'Enzymes'?

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Enzymes

Enzymes are proteins and are biological catalysts. They speed up chemical reactions that happen within living things. They are very efficient at doing their job. To give you an idea of efficiency one catalase molecule can break six million hydrogen peroxide molecules into harmless water and oxygen per minute.  

There are two types of enzymes extracellular enzymes and intracellular enzymes. Extracellular enzymes are made inside cells, once formed they may move out and do its job outside of the cell an example of extracellular enzymes is the enzymes in the digestive system. Intracellular enzymes are also produced inside the cell, however they work within the cell speeding up the chemical reactions they can also control reactions.

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An example of an enzyme-controlled reaction is:

                                               Maltase (enzyme)

Maltose (substrate)                                                               Glucose (product)

The substance that the enzyme acts on (Maltose) is called the substrate. The new substance(s) formed is called the product(s). This reaction, along with many metabolic reactions, is reversible meaning ...

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