What is the effect of temperature on the reaction between sucrose and invertase
What is the effect of temperature on the reaction between sucrose and invertase.
About enzymes
Enzymes are biological catalysts that speed up the rate of reaction without taking part, therefore causing the reaction to use less energy. They are all proteins so having either a primary, secondary or teritary structure ( how it is held together by globular proteins). These structures either build up (anabolism) or break down substances (catabolism). When these enzymes go past their optimum temperature which they work best at they become denatured. This is when the molecule is moving so fast due to very high temperatures that it vibrates so energetically that some of the bonds break causing the enzyme to change shape. At first the substrate just fits less well into the active site but then more bonds break causing the enzyme to loose it's shape more and therefore the more shape that is lost the longer and harder it is for the substrate to bind with the active site. This eventually causes the enzyme to become denatured.
About sucrose
It is a non-reducing sugar that is formed when C1 of the ? glucose and C2 of the ? fructose join in a condensation reaction. Therefore it is a disaccharide They are join by a 1-2 glycosidic bond. Both carbonyl groups occur within the 1-2 glycosidic bond so there are no free carbonyl groups to reduce the copper in the benedicts solution. Yet both fructose and glucose have a fee carbonyl group therefore can react with benedicts and are reducing sugars.
About invertase
Within cells non-reducing sugars such as sucrose can be hydrolysed by using hydrolysis enzymes (invertase). Has an optimum temperature of 55?c.
Prediction
I predict that the experiment will show how much of the sucrose has been broken down at each temperature. This will be shown by how much precipitate is formed when it reacts with the benedicts. Therefore the least precipitate will be shown at the optimum temperature that I predict will be 55?c for invertase as it will denature at this temperature and the active site will change shape and therefore the substrate (sucrose) will not be able to bind with it and react. Due to this the invertase will be unable to break down sucrose into ? glucose and ? fructose through hydrolysis and therefore not react with the benedicts solution giving less precipitate.
About enzymes
Enzymes are biological catalysts that speed up the rate of reaction without taking part, therefore causing the reaction to use less energy. They are all proteins so having either a primary, secondary or teritary structure ( how it is held together by globular proteins). These structures either build up (anabolism) or break down substances (catabolism). When these enzymes go past their optimum temperature which they work best at they become denatured. This is when the molecule is moving so fast due to very high temperatures that it vibrates so energetically that some of the bonds break causing the enzyme to change shape. At first the substrate just fits less well into the active site but then more bonds break causing the enzyme to loose it's shape more and therefore the more shape that is lost the longer and harder it is for the substrate to bind with the active site. This eventually causes the enzyme to become denatured.
About sucrose
It is a non-reducing sugar that is formed when C1 of the ? glucose and C2 of the ? fructose join in a condensation reaction. Therefore it is a disaccharide They are join by a 1-2 glycosidic bond. Both carbonyl groups occur within the 1-2 glycosidic bond so there are no free carbonyl groups to reduce the copper in the benedicts solution. Yet both fructose and glucose have a fee carbonyl group therefore can react with benedicts and are reducing sugars.
About invertase
Within cells non-reducing sugars such as sucrose can be hydrolysed by using hydrolysis enzymes (invertase). Has an optimum temperature of 55?c.
Prediction
I predict that the experiment will show how much of the sucrose has been broken down at each temperature. This will be shown by how much precipitate is formed when it reacts with the benedicts. Therefore the least precipitate will be shown at the optimum temperature that I predict will be 55?c for invertase as it will denature at this temperature and the active site will change shape and therefore the substrate (sucrose) will not be able to bind with it and react. Due to this the invertase will be unable to break down sucrose into ? glucose and ? fructose through hydrolysis and therefore not react with the benedicts solution giving less precipitate.
