Did Kerensky hand over power to the Bolsheviks?
"Kerensky handed power to the Bolsheviks" By October 1917 the Winter Palace of St Petersburg was overthrown by the Bolshevik party of Russia. Historians have deliberated for years on why this event occurred; one viewpoint taken is it was the fault of the detested Alexander Kerensky, prime-minister of Russia. Accusations that Kerensky handed power to the Bolsheviks are not unfounded, he conducted some disastrous policies, but was this Kerensky's fault, or was he being pressured by the unruly monarchists and rightists of Russia, did fear of a bloody cout d'état force him into passing measures such as the restoration of the death penalty? Was Kerensky's failure inevitable after the miserable spells of Lvov and Milyukov as leaders of the Provisional government? It is too easy to state that the revolution in Russia was one man's fault, despite Kerensky's perpetual mistakes there were a lot of other factors, such as the role of Trotsky and Lenin that must be taken into account. An indelible failure of Alexander Kerensky was his refusal to bring Russia out of the war. Kerensky had been hired as Lvov successor due to his belligerent and aggressive nature against the Bolsheviks so his continuation of the war was not unexpected (especially coming from the position Minister of War). However Kerensky was quite arrogant in thinking that a war that had brought down the Romanov dynasty
Why did 1917 end with Lenin in Power rather than Kerensky?
Rob Williams Why did 1917 end with Lenin in Power rather than Kerensky? There is a popular myth, brought about mainly by Russian communist propaganda that suggests Russia was saved from a tyrannical reign by one man, Vladimir IIyich Lenin. His name has become (rightfully) synonymous the Russian Revolution, and the traditional view, in Russia at least, had been that Lenin was the catalyst behind the socialist revolution. On the other hand Alexander Kerensky's name has gone down in history as the failed pretender, the conservative revolutionary who failed to take advantage of the abdication of the Tsar and the scope it created for social and political change in Russia. The reality is obviously different to this, Lenin although dynamic and fundamental to the Bolshevik cause did not create the revolution himself. Similarly Kerensky was an able politician, one who would probably have, in times less volatile than this, an excellent, forward-looking premier. How much was the Revolution inevitable therefore? And how much influence did Lenin and Kerensky have over the events? Kerensky, when he came to power, initially was hailed as a saviour. One who would lead Russia from the brink of Civil War and unite the factions of the Soviet and the members of the (former) Provisional Government. Figes writes "He was the only major politician who had a base of popular support yet who was
Kerensky. Kerensky might have started in an excellent position being able to woo everyone with his speaking skills, he ended up losing all power he possessed to Lenin and the Bolsheviks and being forced to flee from Russia in disguise.
Alexander Kerensky was elected to the Duma in 1912 as the minister of Justice, he was loved by the public for his charismatic speeches. He was in a very strong position after the Tsar's abdication as Russia needed someone to bring them back up and when someone is in need they would go to the first person who said I can help you. However, Kerensky might have started in an excellent position being able to woo everyone with his speaking skills, he ended up losing all power he possessed to Lenin and the Bolsheviks and being forced to flee from Russia in disguise. This could have been caused by his silly mistakes and his enemies' superiority. However, it can be said that his downfall and loss of power could have been his own fault. First of his handling of power was below par, he did not want to surrender to the Germans and on the other hand he did not want to negotiate peace, his only goal was to crush Germany. He persuaded the populace that Russia was strong enough to beat Germany and win the Great War. However, when Kerensky initiated another offensive that went wrong it caused what was known as the "July Days", which saw soldiers, sailors and workers protest against the provisional government. There main protest being that the government still carried on with the war and their attention turned to the Bolshevik party as they were the only group against the war. However, the
Alexander Fleming
Alexander Fleming was born at Lochfield near Darvel in Ayrshire, Scotland on August 6th, 1881. He attended Louden Moor School, Darvel School, and Kilmarnock Academy. The seventh of eight children. His family worked an 800-acre farm a mile from the nearest house. The Fleming children spent much of their free time ranging through the streams, valleys, and moors of the countryside. When their father died, Fleming's eldest brother inherited the running of the farm. Another brother Tom had studied medicine and was opening a practice in London. Soon, four Fleming brothers and a sister were living together in London. Alec, as he was called, had moved to London when he was about 14, and went to the Polytechnic School in Regent Street. Tom encouraged him to enter business. After completing school he was employed by a shipping firm, though he didn't much like it. In 1900, when the Boer War broke out between the United Kingdom and its colonies in southern Africa, Alec and two brothers joined a Scottish regiment. This turned out to be as much a sporting club as anything; they honed their shooting, swimming, and even water polo skills, but never went to the Transvaal. Soon after this, the Flemings' uncle died and left them each 250 pounds. Tom's medical practice was now thriving and he encouraged Alec to put his legacy toward the study of medicine. When World War I broke out, most of
Alexander The great
Cyril Ekierman S3Fra Introduction Alexander the Great was the Greek king of Macedon from 356 BC to 323 BC. He was a very good warrior and was known to be one of the best military commanders in history. When he died, he had conquered nearly all the world known by the Greeks. °) Alexander's early life Alexander the Great or Alexander III of Macedon was born on the 20 of July 356 BC in Pella, the capital of Macedon. His father was the king Philip II of Macedon and his mother was Olympias of Epirus, Philip's fourth wife. According to the legend, one of Philip's ancestor was Heracles and one of Olympias ancestor was the son of Zeus and a nymph. A very famous legend says that Philip wasn't Alexander Father, it was Zeus: Philip was scared of sleeping with Olympias because she liked sleeping with snakes in her bed! Alexander used this legend lots of times in politics, calling himself a son of Zeus. In his early years, Alexander was raised by his nanny: Lanike. Later, Alexander was educated by a strict teacher: Leonidas, a friend of his mother. But it was Aristotle, who was Alexander's most famous and important tutor. The philosopher taught Alexander how to be the best in rhetoric and literature. 2°) Alexander getting to the throne of Macedon In 340 BC, Philip attacked Byzantium, leaving Alexander in Macedon to rule the country for a short time: it was the first time that
Alexander the Great
Alexander the Great "It is a lovely thing to live with great courage and die leaving an everlasting fame." Alexander The Great Long before the birth of Christ, the land directly above what we know as Greece today, was called Macedonia. Macedonia still exists, but it is now Bulgaria, Yugoslavia and modern Greece. Macedonia was considered to be part of ancient Greece, but the people of these two countries couldn't be more different. No people in history ever gave so much to the human race as the ancient Greeks. They produced architectural monuments, four of the greatest dramatic actors who ever lived, one of the most brilliant statesmen and two of the greatest historians. Scientists, philosophers and artists all thrived in this country. The political system we call democracy had its roots in this culture. The Macedonians in comparison with their Greek neighbors were crude and fierce in their outlook. They were a rough people. They never produced any artists, philosophers, or great actors. But they produced Alexander The Great - a man with a legacy so remarkable that it has challenged the minds of men ever since. Alexander was born to conquer the world. His life was bold and from beginning to end, it was etched with dramatic clarity. Every important event in his life brought him one step closer to fulfilling his ambition. He was the first leaders, like Caesar and Napoleon,
Alexander Fleming
Alexander Fleming Antibiotics "One sometimes finds what one is not looking for." Sir Alexander Fleming . Alexander Fleming biography 2. The discovery of Penicillin 3. Purification to a stable form and industrial scale production 4. How an antibiotic work 5. Antibiotic resistance . Alexander Fleming 881 - 1955 Alexander Fleming was born in a lonely, rural part of Scotland as the seventh of eight siblings and half-siblings, his family worked an 800-acre farm far away from the nearest house. The Fleming children spent much of their time in the streams, valleys, and moors of the countryside. "We unconsciously learned a great deal from nature," said Fleming. When their father died, his eldest son took over the running of the farm. Another brother Tom had studied medicine and was opening a practice in London. Soon, inspired by their brother, four Fleming brothers and a sister were living together in London. Alec, as Alexander was called, had moved to London when he was around 14, and went to the Polytechnic School in Regent Street. Tom encouraged him to enter business. After completing school he was employed by a shipping firm, though he didn't much like it. When the Boer War broke out in 1900, between the United Kingdom and its colonies in southern Africa, Alec and two brothers joined a Scottish regiment. But instead of fighting it turned out to be rather a sporting
Compare and Contrast the Policies of Alexander II and Alexander III
Abhishek Puri History- HL 20/08/2009 Compare and Contrast the policies of Alexander II and Alexander III Tsar's Alexander II and his son, Alexander III had different an entirely different ideology when it came to the question of reform. On one hand, Alexander II was a liberalist, this reflects in his reforms which include the Emancipation of the Serfs in 1861- where twenty to thirty million serfs were emancipated on private estates and also domestic households and also the abolishment of capital punishment. Other reforms of Alexander II included the founding of the Zemstva- a system of local self-government. On the other hand, successor Alexander III had a conservative ideology. He believed in the doctrines of Nationalism, Eastern Orthodoxy and autocracy. Alexander III often questioned his father's reforms, which he thought were too liberal and diminish the power of autocratic leadership of the country. After his accession of the throne, Alexander III started a wave of "anti-reforms", as he reversed his father's liberal reforms. Tsars Alexander II and Alexander III differed on the level of Foreign policy, Judicial and Educational Reforms but they shared a sense of Russian Nationalism. Both Tsars Alexander II and Alexander III had different view points on Foreign Policy. Alexander II pushed for military conquests and urged annexation of the nearest countries to augment
Alexander: Fault Lines
Shin, Eunice Period 06 01/08/02 Alexander: Fault Lines As Meena Alexander sees her life as a parcel of shards which have their own identities and implore to be recognized as distinct, she introspects into her fractured condition and finds no solace from the unceasing and permanent enumeration of various cultures, languages, and locals which serve to be the "faults" and defects of her selfhood. Alexander, using figurative language, writes of the multitude of distinct identities to create a structure that overwhelms the reader. She quickly blurts out the diverse locations she has been to, trying to elucidate her presence in the traditional life at Tiruvella and also in the bustling, modernistic community of Manhattan. The exotic languages of Malayalam and Hindi clash with the mundane ones of English and French. There is a parallelism in this rapid, almost callous way of listing, but evidently the paradox lurks as it reveals itself in the manifest disparities of Alexander's make-up. She used rhetorical questions and deliberates, "How should I spell out these fragments of a broken geography?" She has been uprooted so many a time that she is lost and cannot connect the dislocations of her journeys. "And what of all the languages compacted in my brain?" The word usage of "compacted" seems to represent a forced action, as if Alexander was compelled to learn the different
Compare and contrast the policies of Alexander II and Alexander III
Compare and contrast the policies of Alexander II and Alexander III Alexander II and his son, Alexander III, although from the same family, had very different views on how the Russian Empire should be run. Alexander II is often referred to as the ‘Tsar Liberator’ and ‘Great Reformer’, unlike his son the ‘Great Reactionary’. Although both men were endeavouring to maintain the autocratic rule in a world of industrialisation and democracy, they had very different ideas about how to maintain that control. Examining their policies from education to the peasantry, the differences are clear. During the reign of Alexander II the education reforms began, starting with the policy that all classes of people could attend school. This move meant hundreds of new school opening and better education for the working class and peasantry. Secondary schools began to admit women and the universities were given greater independence, separate from the state. This proved very successful in educating a future generation of workers and provided a good basis for the beginning of Russian industrialisation. Alexander III however, took a very different stance towards higher education. After his father was assassinated in 1881, the new Tsar blamed universities for the spread of revolutionary ideas and, therefore, took them back under strict state control. Subjects were replaced, such as
