Leon Trotsky.
Trotsky, Leon (1879-1940), Russian Marxist theorist and revolutionary, who was one of the principal leaders of the Soviet government until ousted and exiled by his archrival, Joseph Stalin. Leon Trotsky Leon Trotsky was second in power to Lenin during Russia's 1917 Bolshevik revolution, and subsequently held powerful positions in the Communist Party's new government. After Lenin suffered an incapacitating stroke, Trotsky lost leadership of the government to Joseph Stalin and was forced into exile. In 1940 Stalin's agents murdered Trotsky while he was living in Mexico. THE BETTMANN ARCHIVE Originally named Lev Davidovich Bronstein, Trotsky was born on November 7, 1879, in Kherson Province in Ukraine, the son of Russified Jews. He was educated in Odesa and in Mykolayiv and was a star pupil with enormous intellectual capabilities. II EARLY POLITICAL LIFE Trotsky's political involvement began in 1896 in a circle of Mykolayiv Populists, but he soon converted to Marxism. After a brief stay at Odesa University, he returned to Mykolayiv in 1897 to organize the Southern Russian Workers Union. For this he was arrested, jailed, and exiled. He escaped from Siberian exile in 1902, fleeing to Europe and adopting the pseudonym Trotsky. Abroad he joined Lenin, L. Martov, Georgy Plekhanov, and other Russian Social-Democrats, who were publishing Iskra (The Spark). By virtue of his
The two rivals who wanted to lead the communist party were Leon Trotsky and Joseph Stalin.
Intro Lenin died in 1924 who was leader or Russia, therefore there needed to be a new leader of Russia. Lenin was seen like a god-like figure to the Bolsheviks, who were now known as the communist party and had complete control of Russia, the two rivals who wanted to lead the communist party were Leon Trotsky and Joseph Stalin. Paragraph 1 Stalin became leader because he saw the working class as "one of the people". Giving them a sense that they are important and have a say in how their country is run. As general secretary of the party, he gave his supporters powerful jobs and kicked Trotsky supporters out of the party. Lenin wanted a strong person at the centre of the Party apparatus to root out corruption and bureaucratism. He thought that Stalin was such a person, but he was mistaken. Once installed in such an important post, Stalin began to staff the Party's central offices with cronies such as Kaganovich, who was put in charge of the Party's Organizational Department (Orgotdel). This committee controlled appointments. It therefore had powers of patronage. It would never have occurred to Sverdlov to use this position for personal gain. And the Party itself was very clear on the question of appointments and non-elective positions in general. A secret triumvirate was formed of Zinoviev, Kamenev and Stalin, aimed at isolating Trotsky. In his Testament, Lenin not only
Why did Leon Trotsky lose the 'Power Struggle' to Joseph Stalin in 1924?
2-April-2003 History Assignment Roham Gharegozlou, 1oIB History Assignment Why did Leon Trotsky lose the 'Power Struggle' to Joseph Stalin in 1924? Language: English Subject: History Teacher: Mme Therrode Institution: EABJM One of the most controversial and notable politicians of his time, Trotsky was at one point the 'second in command' in Bolshevik Russia, right after Lenin. Respected and supported by the latter, who himself was regarded as the unquestioned Bolshevik leader, Trotsky enjoyed a very large influence within the Communist Party of the time, both due to his ties with Lenin and his great contribution to the October revolution in Russia. Thus it was that in 1924, after Lenin's death, Trotsky seemed to most, and to himself certainly, to be the logical successor. Why is it then that Stalin, someone whom Trotsky did not even think of as competition, completely decimated Trotsky politically and caused his complete downfall in communist ranks? The first reason would be Trotsky's over-confidence: even Lenin, in his Testament, reproached Trotsky for this flaw of his, saying that he is 'distinguished...by his too far-reaching self-confidence'. In this way Trotsky severely underestimated Stalin, and this led to his downfall: in Source F, it is stated that if Trotsky had spoken up when Lenin was actually there (as it is certain Lenin would have supported
The appointment of Leon Trotsky as Commissar for War was a major reason for the success of the Bolsheviks.
The appointment of Leon Trotsky as Commissar for War was a major reason for the success of the Bolsheviks. He had "tremendous military skill and leadership" and from scratch created a "strong and skilful military force" . At the time of Trotsky's appointment there was chaos in the Red Army; little implementation of discipline and officers were being chosen by the soldiers. Trotsky was "a ruthless, pragmatic, domineering but fair leader, he was an excellent choice by Lenin". He was a man of his word and enforced harsh and strict discipline "Every scoundrel who incites anyone to retreat, to desert, or not to full fill a military order, will be shot". Trotsky not only created a skilful and regulated fighting force through the implementation of strict punishment but also in his inspirational leadership. Trotsky travelled from fighting front to fighting front in his famous armoured train. This dedication that Trotsky showed to the socialist cause, illustrated to the Red soldiers that he was a man of the people fighting along side his fellow troops. Trotsky improved morale with in the troops and through imposing strict discipline created an eager and committed fighting force. A major factor that resulted in Bolshevik victory in the Russian Civil War was the fervent Red Army. Due to Trotsky's stringent and intelligent leadership the Red Army had almost unlimited human resources and
Stalin and Trotsky
Stalin and Trotsky Miss Blom CHY 4UW Tuesday April 10th, 2007 Magdalena Nowakowska . a) In Source B, what is meant by the following statement: "Unlike Trotsky, Stalin believed that socialism could be introduced in one country without being accompanied by a world revolution" (3) In Source B, by the statement "Unlike Trotsky, Stalin believed that socialism could be introduced in one country without being accompanied by a world revolution," it is meant that Russia would have to serve as a proper example of socialism until the world revolution occurred. This doctrine permitted the Soviet Union to carry out a policy of "peaceful coexistence" with capitalist states if necessary, during international affairs. This also signified that the Soviet Union would be supporting socialist revolutions whenever possible. Stalin's opinion on "socialism in one country" was that it gave inner strength to the communists who had doubts about Stalin's outlook of a world revolution. Trotsky was continuing to argue a western Marxist account of the future revolution while Stalin had convinced the citizens of Russia that the revolution in socialism, which he had helped establish, was a Russian idea. Therefore Stalin was strongly supporting his nationalist views through his actions and propositions. b) What message is portrayed by Source E? (3) Source E, being a political cartoon is portraying
Leon Walrus Biography
Leon Walras 834-1910 Leon Walrus was born in Évreux, France near Montreux, Switzerland on December 16th, 1834. Walrus was the son of the French proto-marginalist economist and schoolteacher, Auguste Walras. He spent most of his early life in Paris as a novelist and art critic. Leon Walras soon followed his father's footsteps by adopting his "father's socialist policy positions" on taxation and land reforms. He was the supporter of "outright land nationalization". He believed that land value would always increase and that rents would be enough to support the nation without taxes. Leon spent many years in the cooperatives movement. After Walras was appointed to the Academy of Lausanne in 1870. He wrote and published the first edition of The "Elements of Pure Economics" in 1874. In the course of Leon's work of the "Elements of Pure Economics" lead to his reputation of being "the father of general equilibrium theory". Leon Walras's Elements are familiar to every modern economist. It covers much of what is available to us in the general equilibrium theory. The general equilibrium theory is a branch of theoretical microeconomics. It explains the production, consumption and prices in a whole economy. Walras set out his Elements into eight parts. The first one is his definition of the scope of economics which is the "subjective value theory" and the "mathematical method".
Explain Leon Trotsky's Contribution to the Success of the Bolsheviks Up To 1922
Explain Leon Trotsky's Contribution to the Success of the Bolsheviks Up To 1922 In this essay I will explain Leon Trotsky's contribution to the success of the Bolsheviks. I will consider a number of reasons including his organisation of the revolution, his actions on the 6th - 8th November 1917, public speaking, The Red Army & civil war, and the Kronstadt uprising. I will finish with a clear, concise, conclusion. Leon Trotsky was born in 1879 in a remote part of southern Ukraine. He was the son of a Jewish farmer and was educated ant Odessa University. He became very interested in the writings of Karl Marx, as a result he spent long times in exile. Trotsky was a first a Menshevik and did not join the Bolsheviks until 1917. This meant that those Bolsheviks who had been in the party for many years were suspicious of him. Trotsky returned to Petrograd from exile in May 1917. Whilst the Bolshevik leader, Lenin, was in exile, Trotsky was busy organising the revolution of 1917. All throughout the summer of 1917, Trotsky had been training Bolshevik agents. He sent these agents into factories throughout Petrograd to spread hatred against the Provisional Government and to instruct men in how to prepare themselves for a revolution when the time came. He made many public speeches which boosted moral of people and told them that a revolution was imminent. Trotsky helped build up
Leon Trotsky's role in the October/November Russian Revolution during 1917.
Outline A. Plan of the investigation -Utilizing a great breadth of sources I plan to encompass the many different viewpoints and perspectives of historians both modern and past to build a complete understanding of the significance of Leon Trotsky's role in the October/November Russian Revolution during 1917. -I plan to use sources from all mediums accessible including the internet, published literature (books, periodicals) and possibly some videos pertaining to the subject. -The amount of information available to this subject is immense and it will require good judgment to recognize those sources which will hinder my progress rather than aid it. B. Summary of Evidence -the evidence gathered clearly points in one general direction; Leon Trotsky played a very significant role in the coup d'etats that was the Russian Revolution of October 1917. -many prominent historians including Isaac Deutscher and Edward Hallet Carr boldly state that Trotsky "played the largest single part in organizing the coup of October 1917" -Trotsky was able to rally the people in Petrograd for the Bolsheviks with his literary and speaking prowess. He was described as one of the most prominent literary intellectuals in history. His affinity to words allowed him to rally entire audiences for his cause with a single speech. -By securing the Red Army Trotsky ensured that the Bolsheviks would stay
How Significant Was Leon Trotsky's Role In the October/November Russian Revolution In 1917
IB1 HIGHER LEVEL HISTORY INTERNAL ASSESSMENT HOW SIGNIFICANT WAS LEON TROTSKY'S ROLE IN THE OCTOBER/NOVEMBER RUSSIAN REVOLUTION IN 1917 Word count: 1555 Contents: Page three: Plan of Investigation Summary of evidence Page five: Evaluation of sources Analysis Page six: Conclusion List of sources A. Plan of Investigation How significant was Leon Trotsky's Role in the October/November Russian Revolution in 1917? The Bolshevik Revolution of October 1917 in Russia was a revolution of influential writing, skilled persuasion and precise organization rather than an armed conflict between parties. Leon Trotsky was one of the foremost influential revolutionists of the October Russian Revolution. The aim of this investigation is to find the root causes of the revolution that took place in Petrograd and determine the impact that Leon Trotsky had on the outcome. This investigation will cover the situation in Russia during the collaboration, Trotsky's actions that lead to the revolution from May to October and lastly Trotsky's role and position, both politically and ideally. An analysis of these sections should reveal the significance of Trotsky's role in this affair. A breadth of sources will be used including primary texts written by Trotsky himself and from many of the worlds most renowned Russian historians. B. Summary of Evidence . The Situation in Russia During the
Josef Stalin and Leon Trotsky were both very powerful members of the Soviet Republic after the death of Lenin, but despite being members of the same party, they both had very different characteristics and beliefs.
History GCSE Coursework Coursework Assignment Objectives 2 and 3 Question 1 Josef Stalin and Leon Trotsky were both very powerful members of the Soviet Republic after the death of Lenin, but despite being members of the same party, they both had very different characteristics and beliefs. Trotsky was an intellectual, which meant that he could take an idea and make it original. The way Trotsky did this was by voicing his ideas logically and with reasonable arguments across to the people, despite the audience that he was speaking to; hence he was famously known as a great orator. His great speaking skills could be directly linked to his intellect, as all his speeches were well planned and considered thoughtfully. With this intellect though came great vanity and ignorance, which was noticed by Lenin in his last testament when he wrote, "...he has displayed excessive self assurance..." Trotsky was an organiser in every sense of the word, which can be seen by the fact that he was the main person responsible for planning the Bolshevik revolution. The revolution was over in 24 hours and no one was killed which was as successful as any revolution could be. His intellect can again be seen here by the method to which he carried out the revolution. He did not go storming anywhere, he systematically took control of all lines of communications so no backup or reinforcements
