Cold War Study Guide - Compare/contrast the Vietnam War policies of Lyndon Johnson and Richard Nixon.
Name Grace Ives Cold War Study Guide #3 Directions: Please prep 3 questions with at least 3/4 page of bullet points per question. Prepare each question on a separate page. Be sure to include relevant quotations and statistics (with citations) from your readings. . Compare/contrast the Vietnam War policies of Lyndon Johnson and Richard Nixon. LYNDON JOHNSON Operation Rolling Thunder - During Lyndon Johnson's presidency, he tried to limit the US' involvement in Vietnam to please the American public, but he found that in order to win the war, he would have to increase the number of troops sent to Vietnam. - Lyndon Johnson's presidency oversaw the vietnam escalation. - Lyndon Johnson conducted a US mission called, "Operation Rolling Thunder". Operation Rolling Thunder was an air force mission led by the US army in which there was relentless bombing on North Vietnam. The objective was to essentially boost the weakening morale of Southern Vietnam, and to weaken North Vietnam in hopes to end the war. - Kennedy describes operation rolling thunder as "regular full-scale bombing attacks against North Vietnam" (Kennedy 991) - Johnson sent over hundreds and thousands of troops, but tried to keep the US' increasing involvement with Vietnam as secret. - The initial focus of the increased number of US troops was to protect the US airbases in South Vietnam. Gulf
The Nixon move toward China.
The Nixon Move Toward China On February 21, 1972, President Richard Nixon arrived in Beijing, China, for historic meetings with Chairman Mao, the leader of the Peoples Republic of China. This historic trip began the development of a new American policy toward China. Before that time, the two countries were enemies and had no formal, or even informal, diplomatic relations. The new policy advanced the interests of America and is beneficial to the entire world order. Thirty years to the day after Nixon's trip to China, U.S. President George W. Bush flew to Beijing. While writing about President Bush's trip to Beijing, Simon Fraser of BBC News Online noted that Nixon's visit was a diplomatic triumph in thawing relations between China and the United States and stated that the trip "changed the world"1. Before President Nixon's trip, relations between China and the United states were those of enemies. In 1949 the Communists led by Mao Tse Tung took control of the Chinese mainland and the United States cut diplomatic ties. The United States recognized Taiwan as the legitimate Chinese government. The United States was critical of the brutal and repressive ways of the Chinese mainland government. For example, in the 1960's Mao's brutal Cultural Revolution crushed all opposition within China. This was reprehensible to the Unties States. Likewise China despised the United
Cold War Revision
Cold War Revision A war short of full scale war because of the development of the Atomic bomb. CAUSES OF THE COLD WAR [BARE] . Beliefs: Russia was a Communist country, ruled by a dictator who cared little about human rights. America was a capitalist democracy, which valued freedom. 2. Aims: Stalin wanted reparations from Germany/ a buffer of friendly states. Britain and the USA [led by President Truman] wanted to help Germany recover/ to prevent large areas of Europe from coming under Communist control. 3. Resentment about history: The USSR did not trust Britain and the USA - They had tried to destroy the Russian Revolution in 1918/ Stalin thought they had not helped the USSR enough in WW2. Britain & USA did not trust USSR - Stalin had signed the Nazi-Soviet pact in 1939. 4. Events turned the mistrust into war: Yalta/ Potsdam/ Salami tactics/ Fulton/ Greece/ Truman Doctrine/ Marshall Plan/ Cominform/ Czechoslovakia YALTA CONFERENCE (February 1945) . Churchill, Stalin and Roosevelt agreed to Divide Germany into 4 zones (France, Britain, USA, USSR)/ to hold free elections in Eastern European countries./ to set up the United Nations./ to set up a government of Communists and non Communists in Poland. 2. On the surface, everything seemed friendly, but there was tension behind the scenes POTSDAM CONFERENCE (July 1945) . At Potsdam the tensions surfaced.
Origins of the Cold War.
Chapter 29 Cold War Salil Shah Per 3 I. Origins of the Cold War A. Sources of American Soviet Tension Had difference in view of post war world. US supported the view in which nations gave up traditional military alliances, and dealt with each other in a democratic process, with an international org. as mediator. Britain and Soviets favored view where system of traditional European balance of powers would reemerge. B. War time Diplomacy By Jan 1943 a strain in relations with soviets was evident as Stalin refused to meet with Churchill and Roosevelt. The 2 refused Stalins'most immediate demand to have a 2 european fronts, but assured him that they would have unconditional surrender of Axis powers and they would not leave soviets out of peace negotiations. In Teharan Conference relations between Stalin and Roosevelt became better as Stalin agreed to enter Pacific once hotstilities in Europe died down, and US agreed to 2 front western war. However there was tension on who would lead Poland once war was over. They avoided the issue by leaving it unresolved. C. Yalta In Feb. 1945the big three met in Soviet Union. Stalin was promised some territory lost in Jap Soviet war of 1904, in pacific. Also agreed to UN charter with a security council, with members from 5 major powers. Issue of Polish government was compromised. Soviets had occupied Poland and installed the pro
Did the Cold War prevent or promote conflict?
The tumultuous period between 1945 and 1991 is widely classified as the Cold War; this engulfed both the USSR and the USA into a political and military vacuum. This notion is rendered by the intense mistrust and ideological split between the deep rooted foundations of Communism and Capitalism within each country. An underlying belief of the unknown threat between both the USSR and the USA ensured that both countries drifted into proxy warfare. This seed of doubt is solidified by discrepancies of both powers, which will further be discussed, yet it is worthy to acknowledge that this notion of conflict in many ways both prevented and promoted conflict. After the unstable situation of 1945, the ever growing disparity between former allies USSR and the USA is clearly distinguishable by the actions of the states themselves. The Soviet leader within the 1950s, Josef Stalin, was informed of Truman’s declaration of the dropping of the atomic bomb on Hiroshima and Nagasaki in 1945; this explicitly highlights the suspicion encountered by Stalin as clearly the welfare of his country could possibly be threatened by a dominating power with nuclear weapons. Unquestionably, this could be perceived as a promotive element as America’s releasing of a destructive weapon is potentially a causation of the Cold War as the USA clearly had the ability to wipe out an entire geographical
Cold War Timeline (in English and Spanish)
Cold War Timeline 945 Derrotan a Alemania y Japón 4-11 de Febrero: Yalta Conference meeting of FDR, Churchill, Stalin - the 'Big Three' Soviet Union has control of Eastern Europe. The Cold War Begins Mayo 8: VE Day - Victory in Europe. Alemania se rinde ante el Ejército Rojo en Berlín Julio: Potsdam Conference - Germany was officially partitioned into four zones of occupation. Agosto 6: The United States drops atomic bomb on Hiroshima (20 kiloton bomb 'Little Boy' kills 80,000) Agosto 8: Rusia le delcara la Guerra a Japón Agosto 9: Los Estados Unidos arrojan bomba atómica en Nagasaki (22 kiloton 'Fat Man' mata a 70,000) Agosto 14 : Los japoneses se rinden; Fin de la Segunda Guerra Mundial Agosto 15: Emperor surrender broadcast - VJ Day 1946 Febrero 9: Stalin hostile speech – El comunismo y el capitalism eran incompatibles Marzo 5: "Sinews of Peace" Iron Curtain Speech by Winston Churchill - "an "iron curtain" has descended on Europe" Marzo 10 – Truman pide a Rusia que abandone a Irán. Julio1: Operation Crossroads with Test Able. La primera demostración pública del arsenal atómico de Amércia. Julio 25: America's Test Baker – explosiones debajo del agua 1947 Contensión Marzo 12 : Doctrina Truman – Truman declara un rol activo en la Guerra Civil Griega Junio: Se anuncia el Plan Marshall para ayudar a diversos países a combater la pobreza,
Richard M. Nixon - von Vietnam bis Watergate
. Einleitung In der vorliegenden Projektarbeit mit dem Thema "Richard M. Nixon - von Vietnam bis Watergate", soll Richard M. Nixons Politik als 37. Präsident der Vereinigten Staaten dargestellt werden, sowie der Watergate-Skandal, der schließlich die Ursache für den unrühmlichen Rücktritt Nixons vom Amt des Präsidenten der USA verantwortlich war. Zu Beginn der Projektarbeit wird zunächst das Leben Nixons bis zu seinem Amtsantritt zum US-Präsidenten, als eine Einleitung auf die Hauptthemen, beschrieben, um einen Eindruck zu gewinnen, aus welchen Verhältnissen Nixon stammte und wie seine berufliche und politische Karriere vor der Präsidentschaft verlief. Mit Beginn des ersten Hauptthemas wird dargestellt, welchen Ziele Nixon mit seiner Politik nachging. Es folgt eine Beschreibung von Nixons Vietnampolitik, sowie die Ausarbeitung und Erläuterung weiterer politischer Handlungen. Der zweite Schwerpunkt ist der Watergate-Skandal. Hierbei werden die Ereignisse, die zu der Affäre und zum Rücktritt Nixons geführt haben dargestellt. Zum weiteren Verständnis wird kurz das Impeachment erläutert. Der zweite Teil der Biographie soll das Leben Nixons nach dem Ende seiner Präsidentschaft erläutern. In der Quellenanalyse wird der Film "Nixon" näher betrachtet. Es wird ein Einblick auf den Inhalt gewährt, sowie auf die Darstellungsweise. Weiterhin wird eine
How did the Cold War begin?
1K Ryutaro Tanno 28/10/07 Cold War How did the Cold War begin? How did the Cold War affect America's policy toward Vietnam? When the Second World War ended in 1945, many European countries that had once been powerful were in ruin and were exhausted by six years of fighting. Only two Super Powers - The USA and The USSR remained after 1945 and a state of extreme tension developed between them. This tense rivalry is called "The Cold War" and this strangely named rivalry is generally regarded as a conflict between communism (East) led by the USSR and capitalism (West) led by the USA, "characterized by mutual perceptions of hostile intention between political alliances or blocs" (quote 1; L. Dockrill and F.Hopkins, 2006, The Cold War Pg 1), without open armed direct fighting between the Great Powers. There were some conflicts in the Cold War but they were called proxy wars because the two Super Powers did not fight directly and just supported the interests of one of their allies against the other. The fabric of the rivalry was said to consist of the following two competitions - politically to compete for the ascendancy of each ideology, and economically for the wealth of people. However it was just a superficial front to hide the fact that the rivalry was a competition for spreading their ideology to as many countries as
Cold War Summary, quotes and revision notes.
The Cold War 1945 - 1991 ) Origins of the Cold War 1945 - 1953 - 1945 Conferences and the emergence of the superpowers The origins of the Cold War * Disputes between the US & USSR centred around two major issues - Eastern Europe (US planned for free elections - Stalin was determined to create a secure zone of friendly communist governments - Stalin prevailed) and Germany (disagreed over the treatment of the defeated Germany - US favoured lenient treatment, USSR favoured harsh treatment) * Divisions were acknowledged by British Prime Minister Winston Churchill in a speech in March 1946 when he used the phrase "the iron curtain" 945 Conferences Name: Yalta Conference Date: 4-11th February 1945 People: US president Franklin Roosevelt, British Prime Minister Winston Churchill, Soviet Leader Joseph Stalin Discussed: German reparations, Polish government, United Nations, Japan Resolved: * Agreement that the three nations (as well as France) would control post-war Germany * Soviet's demanded that Germany pay heavy reparations to help compensate for WWII losses, US & Britain were hesitant as such restrictions could hamper economic recovery for Europe. Reparations were agreed to but the actual figure not decided. * The Lublin committee - Provisional Polish Government set up under Soviet support and consisting of communists - would be broadened to include others -
Cold War
Name : Saw Hsar Lwe Program : OUHK - Cetana (Myanmar) Course : SS201 Student No : 10399429 Assignment : TMA 05 Date : 15th, 9, 2010 When it comes to observing political history, the Cold War and post-Cold War seem to be worthwhile to give a try. Cold War is not a war. It is an ideological conflict between Communist and non-Communist countries. It means that one side uses every means, to defame or to weaken the other side but without directly fighting a war. Thus, in terms of this essay, I will firstly approach the passing of the Cold War, and move on to nine models that seem to be constructive in explaining the functioning of the post-Cold War. Finally, by dint of my own model I will give attempt to draw the picture of the post-Cold War era. The cold war started after World War II (1939-45) when the Allies (United States, Britain, France, and the Soviet Union) disagreed over how to govern occupied Germany. Soon after the Second World War both the United States and the Soviet Union became "super powers." The term "super powers" referred to the U.S. and the Soviet which both possessed military might and economic resources superior or equal to the combined strength of any group of countries of the rest of the world (Suter, 2003). Thus, they were called super powers. Countries such as Britain, France, China, Japan, and Germany were not regarded as super powers. The
