Civil Rights.

Civil Rights American clergyman and Nobel laureate, one of the principal leaders of the American civil rights movement and a prominent advocate of non-violent resistance to racial oppression. King was born in Atlanta, Georgia, on January 15, 1929, the eldest son of Martin Luther King, Sr., a Baptist minister, and Alberta Williams King. He entered Morehouse College at the age of 15 and was ordained a Baptist minister at the age of 18. Graduating from Crozer Theological Seminary as class president in 1951, he then did postgraduate work at Boston University. King's studies at Crozer and Boston led him to explore the works of the Indian nationalist Mohandas K. Gandhi, whose ideas became the core of his own philosophy of non-violent protest. While in Boston, he met Coretta Scott of Marion, Alabama. They were married in June 1953, and the following year King accepted an appointment as pastor of the Dexter Avenue Baptist Church in Montgomery, Alabama. That same year the Supreme Court of the United States outlawed all segregated public education, and in the wake of that decision the segregated South was soon challenged in every area of public accommodation. In 1955 King, who had just received his Ph.D. degree, was asked to lead a bus boycott in Montgomery. The city's black leaders had organized the boycott to protest against enforced racial segregation in public transport after

  • Word count: 1223
  • Level: GCSE
  • Subject: History
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Black Civil Rights.

Black Civil Rights More than a hundred years ago the Europeans brought slaves to North America. The blacks found themselves in the midst of prejudice whites with no way out. When the blacks came over Jim Crow laws were incorporated. With these laws it was near impossible for blacks to rise in the white world. Booker T. Washington was the first black to rise to any prominence in this time. In the early 1900's blacks however began to fight back. In 1909 black advancement organizations began to increase all over North America. Unfortunately with the rise of these groups also came the rise of racist white groups like the Ku Klux Klan and others brutally killing blacks. All blacks coming into N. America were being brought into a very hostile environment. The first sign of blacks becoming more equal was the blacks to fight in the World War. For the first time they were looked upon as war veterans instead of black slaves. Although progress was beginning a black man named Garvey believed that the whites would never change, because of this he started an association called "Back to Africa". At the coming of the Second World War, blacks participating in the war were being more important positions than ever before. Franklin Roosevelt was the first president to make a strong contribution to the Civil Rights movement. He had signed a declaration that stated no one could be discriminated in

  • Word count: 623
  • Level: GCSE
  • Subject: History
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Civil rights

INTRODUCTION Civil rights are the freedoms and rights that a person may have as a member of a community, state, or nation. Civil rights include freedom of speech, of the press, and of religion. Among others are the right to own property, and to receive fair and equal treatment from government, other persons, and private groups. In democratic countries, civil rights are protected by law and custom. The constitutions of many democracies have bills of rights that describe basic liberties and rights. Courts of law decide whether a person's civil rights have been violated. The courts also determine the limits of civil rights, so that people do not use their freedoms in order to violate the rights of others. In many nondemocratic countries, the government claims to respect and guarantee civil rights. But in most of these countries, such claims differ greatly from the actual conditions. In some Communist countries, for example, the people are denied such basic rights as freedom of speech and of the press. Yet their constitutions guarantee these rights. Some people draw sharp distinctions between civil liberties and civil rights. They regard civil liberties as guarantees to a person against government interference. They think of civil rights as guarantees of equal treatment for all people. For example, civil liberties would include freedom from government

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  • Level: GCSE
  • Subject: History
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The Civil Rights Movement

HISTORY COURSEWORK Question 1: The Civil Rights Movement The war meant that all American citizens had a part to play in the war effort. The war meant that America's government took charge of industry, causing end of the depression. For America the war was a time of prosperity. Just like when women got the vote thanks to their input in the first world war, it was now the black Americans chance to become recognised as American citizens due to the fact America needed the m to work and fight for their country. The USA had joined a war that was fighting against the racism of Nazi Germany, which made it difficult for them to justify discrimination against black and ethnic groups. "...we will not be intimidated by the threats of dictators...we look forward to...freedom of speech and expression...freedom of worship...freedom form fear...everywhere in the world." The war brought the opportunities for black Americans that led to the end of segregation although there was still segregation in the armed forces till 1948. More than 1.5 million G.Is were stationed round Britain where there was no racial segregation. Having fought with and been in a country where there was no segregation of blacks, white Americans opinions began to change. After the black Americans had fought and worked so hard for America, people began to question the ethics of them being treated unfairly again at

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  • Level: GCSE
  • Subject: History
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Black civil rights

History GCSE Coursework American Civil rights Black African Americans have been treated inadequately by the opposite race (white people) for centuries from when the slave trade was in full force to the contemporary day with gang violence and racism in all fifty states of the USA. I am going investigate the reasons why black Americans argued for their civil rights and what successes were brought about by this fighting in the 1950s and 1960s. Some evidence of racism to Black people in the USA was written in a black journalist's book quoted from 'American Dreams lost and found'. It shows no respect, and gives a sense of inferiority, illustrating white attitudes to blacks in the early to mid 20th century. It draws a powerful image of blacks being fit for menial jobs and be deficient in the ability to do professional jobs. One problem leading to Blacks fighting for their Civil Rights was the unjust Jim Crow rules in the Southern states. The white people who lived in the South wanted to maintain a two tier society. In 1880 they introduced legal segregation of races. This was a concept of Blacks being separate from Whites but the two societies being equal. There would be separate facilities for blacks and whites from hotels to schools. Inter race marriage was made illegal by these laws. This was all to keep a defined two tier society. An additional reason why Blacks

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  • Level: GCSE
  • Subject: History
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Civil Rights question 5

The author in source I believes that television played a crucial part in ending segregation in the USA. Use sources and your own knowledge, to help you explain whether you agree with this view. In source I, an NBC representative says that TV had, 'made it impossible for congress not to act', referring to the issue of segregation. I will say whether I think this statement is true, and to what extent. During the time of the civil rights movement and the time leading up the end of segregation, there was a rapid increase in the amount of TV ownership, as the following shows: > 1951: 12% of US homes had TVs > 1955: 67% > 1963: 90% > 1968: 95% Around this time, especially around the 60's, there was an increased awareness about black people and the problems they suffered. This could be linked to the increased number of TV's, on which people could have seen the torment blacks went through in the US. And as it was easier to get information faster from the scene to the screen than papers, and had more effect on a person than sound from a radio, TV could have made people sit up as they saw these pictures, and (like today) TV is a very good way of influencing a person's opinion, a good example of this is source F which shows a poll in which people of America said what they thought was one of the countries problems. As you look at this poll, you see that all the events, which

  • Word count: 1715
  • Level: GCSE
  • Subject: History
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Civil Rights question 4

Use the evidence of sources G and H and your own knowledge to explain the changes in public opinion shown in source F. In the early sixties, there were various public opinion polls taken, these shows the fears and problems that the people of America were conscience about during the time they were taken. In source F, there is a move from Prices and Inflation in 1961, War Peace and International problems in 1962, Racial Problems in 1963 and Integration in 1964. I shall try to explain way this happened using the sources and my own knowledge to answer this. The first result was probably due to the average family wanting more luxury and consumer goods, like cars, TVs, fridges... An increase in the sales of theses goods would have put a strange on the government to slow down spending and try to keep it at a reasonable level. This would mean putting up prices to deter people from buying, this would have been in everybody's daily life and so would have been a major talking point and something of concern among the public, as it could have lead into a recession which would ruin the US. The second result was due to a number of reasons. One of them was the Cuban missile crisis; this event had media coverage all over the world as it was in the middle of the 'cold war'. With the world fully prepared for WWIII, this was one of the most important events in modern history because, as

  • Word count: 905
  • Level: GCSE
  • Subject: History
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Essay on civil rights

Why did a mass Civil Rights movement emerge in the late 1950's? The importance of civil rights for Black Americans was at an all time high within in the late 1950s.Black Americans having been oppressed not only within in their rights of freedom yet also in terms of education and employment felt that it was time for a major change. Thus various civil right movements had to be implemented. However, it is key to understand the reasons why a civil rights movement did not occur earlier on for it allows us to gain an insight into the levels of segregation and lack of opportunities that Black Americans faced. During the inter-war year period of 1920 to 1941, Black Americans amongst other minorities suffered from the racial segregation that had deemed to govern the way in which they would live their lives. During the year known as the 'Roaring Twenties' America was enjoying unprecedented prosperity having become the worlds leading industrial nation. However, this affluence was only shared mainly by the white Americans, whilst conditions for Black individuals only seemed to get worse; arguably discrimination, prejudice and racism reaching a peak during these years. Moreover, the latter was upheld by a radical groups known as the Ku Klux Klan made up of different individuals some possessing a great deal of power such as governors and police officers. They felt that segregation of

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  • Word count: 1535
  • Level: AS and A Level
  • Subject: History
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How successful was the post war civil rights movement up to 1965?

How successful was the post war civil rights movement up to 1965? There were many themes that ran through the American civil rights movement up to and including 1965. There was feeling that the USA was being hypocritical after the war as they were fighting racism abroad but they were still a country of double standards. There was organised and united, peaceful, non-violent protest, practiced and preached by doctor Martin Luther King, small groups were causing changes, there was the use of new forms of media [i.e. television] to bring pictures of violence into peoples home, there was the use of direct action for example against restaurants during the sit-ins of 1960. The use of legal action was also a common theme, as were state versus federal confrontations. Many of these victories were seemingly trivial but they all caused greater change. America was seen to be hypocritical after the Second World War. Part of the reason the war was fought was to end the persecution of the Jews in Germany, however Negroes were being persecuted in America. The Double V campaign was a campaign for a victory over persecution abroad and a victory over persecution in the United States. This was the campaign that planted the seeds of the civil rights movement in the 50's and 60's. Organised, united, peaceful, non-violent protest won many victories between 1945 and 1965. The Montgomery Bus

  • Word count: 1724
  • Level: GCSE
  • Subject: History
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US History. The Womens Rights Movement Through the Civil War.

The Beginnings of the Reform; The Women's Rights Movement Through the Civil War By: Laura Solomon For three fourths of a century, American women centered their aspirations for freedom and power for the vote. Along with the black liberation and labor movements, women suffrage is on of the three great reform efforts in the American History1.If it weren't for the women's movement I would not be enrolled in school right now, and I certainly would not be writing this research paper. I catch myself taking things for granted way to often, and it is important to understand the degree in which women took to transform their lives. They had to deal with changes in their family, relation to society, and women's role within it. It took a handful of women to come together and help, but the beginning of the reform is where is all started. A number of women who got the reform going included; Lucretia Mott, Elizabeth Cady Stanton, Susan B. Anthony, and Lucy Stone. These women help Lead to the birth of the women's right movement, The Seneca Falls Convention. This was the ultimate launch of the movement that these women did not only for themselves by theirs daughters and women throughout the world. Just like Elizabeth Cady Stanton declared on the first generation of suffragists, "We solemnly vowed, that there should never be another season of silence until women had the same rights

  • Word count: 3429
  • Level: University Degree
  • Subject: Historical and Philosophical studies
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