Vegetarian/High fibre

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Vegetarian/High fibre

NSP (non-starch polysaccharide)

Lacto Vegetarian

Ovo - Lacto Vegetarian

Vegan

Contents

. What are Vegetarian and NSP?

2. Questionnaire sample and results Refer to Appendix 1

3. Tasting on existing products

4. Prototypes for product 1

5. Taste panel 1

6. Evaluation 1

7. Prototypes for product 2

8. Taste panel 2

9. Evaluation 2

0. Prototypes for product 3

1. Taste panel 3

2. Evaluation 3

3. Prototypes for product 4

4. Taste Panel 4

5. Evaluation 4

6. Prototypes for product 5

7. Taste panel 5

8. Evaluation 5

9. Prototypes for product 6

20. Taste panel 6

21. Evaluation 6 Appendix and discography

Symbol display on supermarket shelf food, to help people distinguish which food is suitable for vegetarian.

What is Vegetarian and Fibre?

* Vegetarian

Vegetarian is someone who definitely doesn't eat any meat, poultry, game, fish, shellfish or crustacean, they live their diet mainly on Vegetables, Fruits, Nuts, Seeds and Grains, most of them include dairy products and eggs in their diet. They usually prefer free range and organic farming method, and against intensive farming method.

People go on Vegetarian, because of different reasons, and here I've listed some main reason.

* Health: They become Vegetarian because they're worrying or suffering from certain physical disorder, and think a vegetarian diet would benefit them.

* Religion: People follow the teaching of their religion to not eat certain food, and think it's wrong to disobey them.

- Buddhism: Don't eat any animal products and products from animals. Some of the strictest don't eat honey and wear fabric made from plants.

- Hinduism: Most are Vegan and Vegetarian and all of them don't eat cow.

- Sikhism: Most of them are Vegetarian and don't eat red meat.

* Environmental and moral issues: People are worry about intensive farming and the ways that animal are treated.

- For example the broiler chicken and the laying hen. They both live in a similar tight packed condition of less than the area of 0.05m², similar in size to an A4 sheet of paper. As the birds grow, conditions deteriorate and the sheds become increasingly crowded until the shed floor becomes a solid mass of chickens competing to reach food and water.

- Synthetic growth hormone and antibiotic are injected into chicken to increase their growth rate, usually their average life span of 7 years, but nowadays chicken are mostly slaughter 4 weeks after their birth.

- The rapid growth rate and crowed condition means than the chicken are prone to a wide range of diseases and infection, plus the fact that they rarely have the chance of exercising,

Waste especially ammonia build up in their bodies; make them very likely to develop condition such as blindness, heart attacks, and fatty liver and kidney illnesses.

- Studies shows 80% of UK chicken have fracture skeleton, because their body simply can't support the rapid growth rates.

- Most of them die from starvation and thirstiness, due to the crowed living condition, chicken scramble for food and drink.

- Having so much chicken dying in such a crowed condition, removal is a real difficulty. The Farms Animals Welfare Council estimated that averagely a farm have about 80,000 chicken.

Having all the dead chickens remove is almost impossible, plus the ammonized excrement on the floor, deadly virus such as Salmonella and campylobacter are very likely to enter the food chain, causing severe infection to the human.

- The method use to get rid of the chicken waste is very polluting, entering the river and farmland as fertilizer is very smelly, unpleasant and polluting.

* Economical and conveniences: People think not eating meat is much cheaper and take less time to prepare, in a much easier way.

Type of Vegetarian

* Ovo - Lacto Vegetarian : Generally eat eggs and dairies

* Lacto Vegetarian: Eat dairies, but no eggs.

* Vegan: Don't eat any things derived from animals, some of the strictest don't eat honey and wear plant made fabrics.

* Fibre

Fibre is a special form of Carbohydrate that is not digest and use by the body, but are essential to keep us healthy, also known as NSP( Non-Starch Polysaccharide) and Roughage, they are find in unrefined Carbohydrate food at the outer husk, Vegetables and Fruits, Pulses, Nuts and seeds.

It's wise to choose unrefined Carbohydrates, such as Brown Rice, Whole meal Bread, and Brown Sugar, instead of Refined Carbohydrates, such as White rice, White bread and White Sugar. Not just because it provide more fibre, Vitamins and Minerals, but it can help protect us from different series health ailments, and here're some of them.

* It help us feel fuller for longer, therefore it can help people who're losing weight by stopping them to rely on fatty snack food.

* It can lower cholesterol, by binding with fat and excrete it as faeces; therefore it can lower the risk of heart diseases.

* It can lower risk of colon and rectal cancer and other bowel disorder, by making faeces more bulky to excrete, and by binding with cancerous substances to disarm its ability to harm the body.

* It keeps blood sugar level regular; therefore it's very helpful for diabetes sufferer and its prevention.

* It is generally believe as good for your digestive system through out the history of the world.

After reading all about Vegetarian and Fibre, I now can follow the criteria to design several food products prototypes for sell in the supermarket shelf, by first asking opinion from people on a Vegetarian and High Fibre Diet and by tasting and observing several existing food product in the market, to find out at the moment what the customers wants.

3. Existing product testing

To understand more about customer preferences and needs. I've tested and tasted a few vegetarian and high fiber products from the market recently.

. Safeway Zesty Lemon Tart net weight 250 g

Ingredients: Shortcrust Pastry - Plain Flour (25%), Free Range Eggs (18.5%), Unsalted Butter (12.5%), Hydrogenated Vegetable oil (12%), Caster Sugar (11.5%), Vanilla essence (0.5%) Filling - Free Range Eggs (55%), Caster Sugar (33%), Butter (12.5%), Lemon Rind and Juice (5%), Flavorings and Colour Beta-Carotene.

Storage: Store in freezer for 3 months

Dietary information: Contain eggs and suitable for Vegetarian.

Cooking Guidelines: Preheat the oven to 200oC and bake for 30 minutes.

Cost: £ 1.35

Sensory Analysis

Taste

Texture

Aroma

Aesthetic

Nutritional Composition per 100 g

Zesty

Crumbly

Scented with Lemon

Colourful

Carbohydrates : 82.5 g

of which sugars: 52.5 g

Tangy

Short

Fragrant

Appetizing

Protein: 6.8 g

Tainted with Lemon

Tacky

Floral

Crumbly

Fat: 35.7 g

of which saturated: 9.9g

Sweet

Perfumed

Fibre: 3.8g

Sodium: Negligible

The product generally taste like pastry, with the filling being a little sticky, definitely suitable for ovo-lacto vegetarian, but the problems are that the product contain eggs, making it not suitable for lacto vegetarian, and the use of wholemeal plain flour will be ideal to provide more fibre. My aim to improve this product is trying and not uses eggs and use wholemeal flour.
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2. Linda McCartney Vegetable Bolognese net weight 350 g Cost: £ 1.95

Ingredients: Durum Wheat Spaghetti (50%), Tomatoes (35%), Courgette (15%), Peppers (10%), Onion (5%), Olive Oil (1%), Garlic, Chillies, Marjoram, Paprika extract, Chilli Powder, Salt and Black Pepper, Colour (Annatto and Curcumin) and Flavouring.

Storage: Store in freezer for 1 1/2 years.

Dietary information: Suitable for Vegan and Vegetarian.

Cooking Guidelines: Hob: Place in boiling water and simmer for 20 minutes, Microwave: 800 W on High Setting for 18 minutes.

Sensory Analysis

Aroma

Taste

Texture

Aesthetic

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