Additionally it is possible that Stevenson again places the idea of brothels and prostitution and upper-class hypobaric was at the very start of his book during the first chapter, of when Mr Enfield and Mr Utterson the lawyer are taking a stroll – ‘ramble’. In my opinion the ‘by-street’ that the two enter is a bit of a mystery a blur that Stevenson has created in a way a type of literal enigma that needs to be deciphered. It is my belief that the street is not what it may seem and that in actual fact it is a pathway to another world in London, not the respective one this I believe because it is much more prosperous and colourful than the busy, but dingy surrounding quarters ‘…in a busy quarter of London…’ and a mystery is formed because he does not explain why other than that the shop fronts were ‘inviting’. On the other hand he implies by means of understatement what its business may by saying it is ‘what is called quiet’ this could maybe be Stevenson trying to say secretly that this street is not entirely what meets the eyes at first glance. The knowing that the street uundoubtedly has ‘thriving trade on week days, the inhabitants laying out the surplus of their gains in coquetry (maybe a sexual joke) ... with an air of invitation like rows of smiling saleswomen. Even on a Sunday when it veiled its more florid charms ... it shone out in contrast to the dingy neighbourhood like a fire in the forest’, with its ‘…freshly painted shutters, polished brasses and gaiety of note…’ This sudden great description of the buildings of the newness and beauty of them could all hint that behind the shop fronts, there is really something else going on, probably of a sexual nature (brothels?) which perhaps explains why Utterson and Enfield find their walks “…the chief jewel of each week…’. However Stevenson could just be trying to really illustrate the two sides of the street that the reader finds out about later. The road splits half of it is the beauty that is described above and then it is contrasted by the other end which is full of poverty were: ‘…tramps slouch into the recess and struck matches on the panels…’ this road with its duality could be a clear over view of a character that resided in a building on the street: the good him (Dr Jekyll) that enters from the other side of the building that’s front door opens on a nice street and the evil him (Mr Hyde) that enters via the back on the grime part of this street.
Stevenson truly shows duality by the way he describes the settings of where Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde reside. Their types of characters are reflected in their surrounding, for example Mr Hyde never is seen entering the house through grand, rich and clean front door; he always enters from the back. The building where the back door is placed is a contrast to the street that I lies in which is described as: ‘…caught and pleased the eye….’ A nice places a nice road this niceness comes to an ultimate stop when it meet this building. Where the two points meet is the place were the duality of the road is split, from colourful to bare and colourless. The building itself Stevenson describes as threatening: ‘…. sinister block of buildings…’. Already a sense of danger and a pinch of mystery is thrown at the reader: there must be something significant and not necessarily good about this certain building if its ‘thrust forward’ and described as ‘sinister’. In describing the building as: ‘…showing no windows, nothing but a door on the lower storey…’ leaves it very secretive, that whatever is happening inside it is not for people to see, and this is true: Dr Jekyll does not want the world to know that by drinking a potion he turns into evil Mr Hyde. The building is further described as being: ‘…a blinding forehead of discoloured wall on the upper; and bore in every feature, the marks of prolonged and sordid negligence.’ This is similar to what Mr Hyde is: he’s the discoloured Dr Jekyll the man behind the skin. While Jekyll has been perfecting the goodness on the outside he’s forgotten to address the badness that lingers tried to be all good neglecting the fact that every person has a bit of bad in them but they get more if you ignore them more, so in this respect I believe that Hyde is a neglected version of Jekyll. Like the door: ‘…equipped with neither bell nor knocker…’ Hyde is a bare stroke of evil, there is no good to his character no addition he’s pure evil one colour – black. To prove this theory further the front of Dr Jekyll’s house is describes as: ‘wore a great air of wealth and comfort’, whilst the inside of the house is described as ‘warmed … by a bright, open fire, and furnished with costly cabinets of oak’ and even Mr Utterson remarks upon it: ‘the pleasantest room in London’ this all the white colour of pure good and perfect like the outside of Jekyll. This street with this split personality if it were and this building and door is nothing wieldy out of the ordinary but it gives a direct sense of distaste that could be given a remark like ‘the street is lovely but….’ Its wonderful but there is something that bothers you; like Jekyll.
Dr Jekyll’s house ironically is a bridge between two lives; for the back door is the neglected and shabby side belonging to Hyde and the front is the extremely well kept, rich, majestic and beautiful and well behaved (or so it seems) Jekyll side. The house itself is a reflection of Dr Jekyll; to the public eye his house is perfect, idealistic and magnificent it also has however a neglected, shabby, and perhaps dangerous portion of itself hidden from view, just like Jekyll. In addtion to this double atmosphered house, Hyde’s residence is also a contrasting place, with a mixture of both Jekyll and Hyde: the good and the evil. It has the wealth and luxery of Jeykll – the furniture and interior. Soho London is where Mr hyde lived, at the time this area of London was where many prostitutes resided, where music halls and theatres were, the place where Jack the ripper roamed the streets and Brothels filled them. All in all it was similar to the street to where the back door of Jekyll’s house was. When Mr Utterson’s cab pulls up by the Hyde’s address he is welcomed by: ‘….a dingly street, a gin palace, alow French eating house, a shop for the retail of penny numbers and two penny salads, many ragged children huddled…’ already the reader knows that this part of london is were the poor in poverty live. Contrasting the street that the house was placed in the interor was the opposite, it resembled wealth and riches: ‘….furnished with luxury and good taste……plate was of silver…’ although however on his visit to the house Utterson saw it as being messy and untidy: ‘….clothes lay aout the floor, with their pockets inside out….drawers stood open…’ now whether these rooms were always in this state Stevenson does not inform us but it could be suggested that that this wealth of decoration had to be spoiled in order to make it Hyde’s residence as Hyde is evil and spoils everything an example of this is is murder of Sir Danvers Carew or the trampling of the young girl at the beginning to the story.
The book: ‘The strange case of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde’ addresses a numberous number of themes and not just about the simple good and evil of Victorian society at the time. Victorian life was usually inclined to be very dualistic, with its profound social prospects, which were placed on important members of society such as doctors like Dr Jekyll. He becomes inquisitive about human nature, and obsessed with the idea that every person actually contains two people: an angel, and a demon and so he says: ‘man is not truly one, but truly two’, so in an attempt to separate these two different personalities he deveopes a potion which brings out the personification of evil in himself by creating Hyde. He also developed this drug in an attempt to free himself from his social imprisoment were he could not live out his socially inappropriate fantasies that he could not otherwise do: ‘….had learned to dwell with pleasure, as a beloved daydream, on the thought of the separation of these elements…’. Another element that proves that he had split personality is that in which he states in his final letter: ‘…I learned to recognise the thorough and primitive duality of man . . . if I could rightly be said to be either, it was only because I was radically both…’ It is not until the final chapter of the book that the reader really begins to discover the real dualtiy in Jeykll’s character that people did not see before. The chapter is narrated by Jekyll through a letter were he writes that from as soon as he was born ‘…to a large fortune…’ he later goes on to say he was healthy and hard working and more or less decent in his nature. He complains in a way that this idealism of his made him maintain a respectable serious sort of personality in public when really he was not what he perceived himself to be, in reallity he had a more frivolous and indecent side; he so wrote this in more breif terms: ‘…I found it hard to reconcile with my imperious desire to carry my head high, and wear a more than commonly grave countendance before the public…..i concealed my pleasures…’. O By the time that he was a fully grown adult Jeykll found himself leading a duel life. A dual life in which his good side continuously felt guilty for the transgressions of his dark side: ‘….I stood already committed to a profound duplicity of life. Many men would have even blazoned such irreqularities as I was guilty of…..’. so when his scientific interests led to strange and mysterious studies as to the divided nature of man, he wanted to find some solution to his own split nature as I have mentioned at the beginning of this paragraph.
During the time in which this book was written victorians were interested in science based on the studies of human head shapes, this study was called ‘phyrenology’. Pseudo-science began in around 1800 it suggested that by just examining a persons head their interlect, character traits and morals could be revealed. For example: it could be said that ‘the more chin the more the man’. This view mixed with Darwins theory that humans were descendants from apes, caused Victorian society to conclude that the more closely a person resembled an ape the more primative they were, but more on that idea when it comes to describling Mr Hyde’s physical aspects. Also during the time in which this book was written Victorians were very interested in the theory of ‘psychoanalysis’ which had been developed by Austrian physician Sigmund Freud. The whole study was primarily based on the study of human psychological functions and behaviors; by 1899 psychology was at its very height. Freud said that our personality can be broken down into three parts: the id, the ego and the superego. The id was purely instinctive behaviour and the ego was simply the componet of personality and was responsible when it came to dealing with actual reality. Freud believed that the ego developed from the id and that it made sure that the impulses of the id were allowed to be expressed in a manner acceptable in the real world. Last but not least came the super ego. The super ego was Freud belived the aspect of personality that held all intermalized moral standards and ideas that the person had aquired from their parents and society it was the sense of right and wrong.
With these ideas Dr Jekyll is fully responsible for his actions as the good and evil both exisited inside him and he so forth had the ability to choose what deed to prefore whether it be the good or the evil. He writes this himself later admitting if he had ‘aproached discovery in a more nobal spirit,’ willing the good to overcome the evil then he could really have ‘come forth an angel instead of a fiend.’ In saying so he states that with the drug he would have projected a concentrate of pure good because Hyde certainly was ‘a precipitate of pure evil’ as he wrote. Hyde was unaware of good he did not even know that it existed so in this way he could not choose good over evil so because of this he could not be held responsible for his actions anymore than an insane or mentally ill person would be held responsible today: ‘…like an animal, seeks to fulfil himself without any of the restraints of social and moral codes…’ which to him or her do not exist. In this way Mr Hyde was controlled by his pure instinct his Id which was deprived from all rational thoughts. Before Jekyll began his experiments he was controlled by his ego but was constantly torn between the urge of his id and what he new through his super ego was right. Finally when Dr Jekyll conducted his experiments he was ignoring his super ego and listening only to his id in this way he created Hyde the irrational evil thinking devil if you call him who had no conscience.
Mr Hyde is describe as ‘the beast of man’ looks different to Jekyll so he is a different person and as mentioned about he is completely controlled by his first instinct and knows no good only evil. He is described first by Mr Enfield to Mr Utterson with some difficulty: ‘ He is not easy to describe. There is something wrong with his appearance; something displeasing, something downright detestable. I never saw a man I so disliked, and yet I scarce know why. He must be deformed somewhere; he gives a strong feeling of deformity, although I couldn’t specify the point. He’s an extraordinary-looking man, and yet I really can name nothing out of the way. No, sir; I can make no hand of it; I can’t describe him. And it’s not want of memory; for I declare I can see him this moment.’ And thoughout the book he is describes as this repugnamnt strange looking man who is describes as someone deformed in some way but cannot be pinpointed. This failure of articulting Mr Hyde creates an impression of him being as an uncanny figure someone whose deformaties are really mysterious and only noticable if you posses some sort of sixth sense for which no type of vocabulary exists. Just the name of Hyde seems to almost fail language itself when it trys to come to grips with him, as if he is beyond any word just like is is beyond any type of morality and conscience. He does not belong in the world. Later on in the book Mr Hyde is described slightly more as being ‘…a small man…’ and again Mr Utterson also seems to think that there is some ugly deformality about him that he just cannot pinpoint: ‘….the look of him…went somehow strongly against the watcher’s inclination…’. Unlike Jekyll who is described as a middle-aged, distingushed-looking and large man, Mr Hyde is younger, and more energetic: ‘…I felt younger, lighter…running like a mill race in my fancy…’ and again he is described as such: ‘…was so much smaller and slighter and younger than Henry Jekyll...’. Jeykll himself describes Hyde as an ‘…ugly idol…’ and an ‘…imprint of deformaty and decay…’.
Stevenson uses a mix of Darwins theory that humans iriginated from apes and of physiognomy. Even though he does not give us much of a phyical desacription of the man, only that he is small, young and slighter than Jekyll his behaviour is enough to demonstrate that he is more animal than man. He’s wild and ape like: ‘…like a monkey he jumped from among the chemicals…’ again he is later similarly portrayed by the maidservent who sees him brutally murdering Carew with a cane she described his murder to be ‘…with ape like fury…’. In this matter as I have mentioned before hand Hyde conducts himself according to instinct rather than reason; Utterson describes him as a ‘troglodyte,’ a primitive creature, undeveloped creation. These descriptions and characteristics would have been enough for a Victorian audience to understand and decide that Hyde is primative as he looks and acts ape like a criminal and bad and evil person as at the time Darwins theory mixed with others conculeded that the less humanly developed one looked the more violent and criminalistic one was. In this sense they were more beasty and untame than others, to what extent depended on to what extend there features went to. Agreeing with this belief Hyde is described as being ‘…the beast in man…’ his lack of controlling his temper: ‘…with a flush of anger...’ and ‘…he brock out in a great flame of fury..’ these quotes each taken from separate encounters were Hyde loses his temper with trvial matters this supporting the physiognomy theory that this connection between the ugliness and wickedness is more than just symbolic it is marker taggging hyde as a criminal!
Unfortunately Stevenson only shows us a few actions that Mr Hyde commits and they in themselves seem brutal and beastly. First of we see him trampling over a young girl and then in a later paragraph he is show as the murderer of Sir Davers Carew. The actions imposed on inocent people shows that Hyde is not just an animal as an animal would not be expected to take much pleasure and delight in commiting a crime. And he just seems to commit these crimes simply for his own enjoyment, a very non animalistic tendancy and because this although I have said that he acts upon his Id and is therefore he has no responsibility over his actions as he knows not what good is so in this way I think that at the start he is amoral but though out the book right up before the murder of Daver, but as soon as he feels pleasure by commiting his crime I believe he is then immoral rather than amoral. Other then these two certain foul deeds that Hyde engages in Stevenson does not go into detail of any others but it is likely that most of these ‘undignified’ pleasures that he is hinted to take part in probably extended to things that are nothing more than engaging in carnal lusts. Of course as is mentioned before that Victorian morality held a dim and grime view of sex, and it would have been considered improper for the respectable Dr. Jekyll to be openly visiting brothels but as Mr Hyde he could do anything!
Leading on from the idea that Hyde changed from amoral to immoral he also becomes more and more dangerous and stronger throught the juration of the book. In ernest the potion Jeykll takes simply strips away the civilized veneer, exposing a person essential nature, the evil that is inside himself in this case Jeykll is the outer shell but Hyde is the core inside. Before Jeykll began to trifle with the two sides of himself he successfully was able to stop the dark side of himself (Hyde) from flourishing and growing, but as soon as he is released he would become to get stronger and his actions became more brutal – trampling then murder. Jekyll himself expresses this view that Hyde is himself but stripped of his goodness and polished self: ‘…I knew myself, at the first breath of this new life, to be more wicked, tenfold more wicked, sold a slave to my original evil; and the thought, in that moment, braced and delighted me like wine. I stretched out my hands, exulting in the freshness of these sensations; and in the act, I was suddenly aware that I had lost in stature…’ the phrase in which Jekyll states that has ‘lost in stature’ is in actuality this is a pun as the phrase has a double meaning: the first is that he’s physically shorter and the second that he not longer a nice respectable man anymore, so in this way every time he drinks his potion the layers of respect and good are ripped from him. After taking the potion repetitively Hyde becomes so strong that Dr Jekyll no longer has control over when he will turn into Hyde as Hyde appears of his own accord showing that he is slowly becoming more and more powerful than Jekyll.
The join of both Hyde and Jekyll is also shown in their language: at the beginning of the novel Jekyll is generally more reserved and refined in his speech and his actions a respectable man, Hyde in is actions is the polar opposite with is manner and behaviour, he is direct and abrupt in his manners: ‘…the other snarled out loud with a savage laugh…’ he also observes few good-natured remarks or courtesies: for example is upright and straight forward: ‘what do you want’ or even is harsh way of phrasing words: ‘…I did not think you would have lied…’. Gradually however as the two men merge again into one the language of Jekyll changes to the end of the novel; a good example of this change is the way the point of view of the book suddenly shifts to the first person: Jekyll/Hyde and in the way the last letter Jekyll shifts from Hyde to Jekyll: ‘…will Hyde die upon the scaffold?’ this statement is from Henry Jekyll’s point of view but in the last part: ‘…I bring the life of that unhappy Henry Jekyll to an end.’ This statement gives the feel of being almost from Hyde’s viewpoint.
Doctor Jekyll’s ego had chosen to side with its Id by which it discarded the morals of the super-ego and turned towards a life of complete and utter life based on impulse. This is because Jekyll took too much for granted and only saw Hyde as a magnificent creation to solve all his problems. He took too much pleasure the creation he had made: ‘…when I looked upon that ugly idol Hyde in the mirror, I was conscious of no repugnance, rather of a leap of welcome. This, too, was myself…. it bore a livelier image of the spirit…’ than the face of Doctor Jekyll was used to calling his very own. In short at the beginning when Jekyll was able to split into two beings, in the form of Jekyll he was still the same Jekyll as before but as he knew he had an evil self he was in some respects only the super-ego side of himself because of this; for as Hyde was only the id with no morals, and because of this his good personality was able to go about his good work and kindness and find enjoyment in his good while being unimpeded by the urges of Hyde (the id). Likewise Hyde the evil half of the old Jekyll could do whatever evil he wished and he was completely free from: ‘…the aspirations and remorse’s of his more upright twin…’ and in this respect the id was always completely satisfied in him. Before Jekyll discovered the potion, which separated his good, and evil he had to choose between the good and the evil in everyday decisions, and because of his struggle to maintain a good reputation in like was his absolute goal his decisions were that of which helped stay within the bonds of Victorian society. In this way he hides his wicked side from view but when he did break moral codes at least he felt guilty for breaching them. Now because Hyde was evil through and through and had no morals when Jekyll allowed himself to become Hyde he slowly would reverse the process he had tried so hard to set in action, but it was too late when Jekyll finally realised this: ‘…only by a great effort as of gymnastics, and only under the immediate stimulation of the drug, that I was able to wear the countenance of Jekyll. At all hours of the day and night, I would be taken with the premonitory shudder; above all, if I slept, or even dozed for a moment in my chair, it was always as Hyde that I awakened…’ Hyde and Jekyll, Jekyll and Hyde they were the same person and slowly throughout the course of the book they began to merge together again as they had been before but this time under Hyde’s rule.
The point at which Jekyll begins to realise that Hyde is becoming more and more powerful is the point at which he is able to shut Hyde away for almost a year. At this point however he does not realise the seriousness of what is happening and like every villain there is always a space of time when a good deed they do: so in this case the imprisonment of Hyde which Jekyll hides once more like before the potion discovery Hyde within himself – at his core: ‘…. Henry Jekyll stood at times aghast before the acts of Edward Hyde…’ this time being one of them. ‘…but the situation was apart from ordinary laws, and insidiously relaxed the grasp of conscience…’ as Jekyll peptalked himself into believing: ‘…It was Hyde, after all, and Hyde alone, that was guilty. Jekyll was no worse; he woke again to his good qualities seemingly unimpaired; he would even make haste, where it was possible, to undo the evil done by Hyde. And thus his conscience slumbered…’ Unfortunatly however as I said before the two sides were merging with Hyde edging to be the outershell and Jekyll the small drop of good inside that was rearly listerned to and because of this Jekyll’s good was won over by Hyde’s evil to give into the tempation to take the potion, his desire to become immoral and free wins; and so because of this while Jykells supe-ego as the Victorians would call it and as Stevenson most probably saw it was flighting a losing battle and the id takes over with the without Jykells consent: (this happening a few months before Sir Davers murder) ‘...my eyes fell upon my hand. Now the hand of Henry Jekyll (as you have often remarked) was professional in shape and size: it was large, firm, white, and comely. But the hand which I now saw, clearly enough, in the yellow light of a mid-London morning, lying half shut on the bed-clothes, was lean, corded, knuckly, of a dusky pallor and thickly shaded with a swart growth of hair. It was the hand of Edward Hyde…. Yes, I had gone to bed Henry Jekyll, I had awakened Edward Hyde…’. Due to Hyde being hidden and cramed away for such a long time all the hate and evil inside him builds, layer upon layer so that once he does overthrow Jekyll he is more the devil than before this is what stevenson is trying to suggest and he demostated this with the muder of Sir Davers, beating the old man: ‘…with a transport of glee…’ showing Hyde and Jekyll are now overlapping in the same person as Hyde had now an super-ego to ignore and in this respects he enjoys the murder as I have discussed in a paragraph above.
The take over by Hyde is a struggle of control as Jekyll is fighting to stop him and this is evident in that Hyde would never have committed suicide. Jekyll commits suicide because he realises that there is no hope and he cannot keep on fighting because it is a loosing battle that he will not win. They are almost one person now: ‘…about a week has passed, and I am now finishing this statement under the influence of the last of the old powders…’and the hate that Hyde fully possed is now equally divided between him and what is left of Jekyll. With Jekyll he hates Hyde he believed that Hyde had been their as a solution when in fact he was the worst that couold ever be, he was not only something worse than hellish but also inorganic! On the other hand Hydes hate for Jekyll was of a different sort: he hated Jekyll for his constant thoughts on commiting suicide he didn’t like being a person having both id and super-ego and being able to choose and knowing good and evil and he knew and feared Jekyll’s ability over him still, that could easily commit suicide and end both lives. This constant fear and flight to stop Jekyll is what Stevenson shows when Poole and Utterson discover the dead body of Jekyll but in the form of Hyde who tried but failed to repear and stop Jekyll: ‘…Right in the middle there lay the body of a man sorely contorted and still twitching. They drew near on tiptoe, turned it on its back and beheld the face of Edward Hyde…’.
Throughout the whole of the novel Stevenson shows contrast beween characters, duality between them and not just Jekyll. An example as such is at the start of the novel were Mr Enfield and lawyer Mr Utterson are taking their stroll when upon they come to the door that Enfield knows a story about the duality between the two characters is such of their approach to a mystery that Mr Enfield Mr. Enfield remarks that ‘…the more it looks like Queer Street, the less I ask…’ He’s talking about the strange incident. While Mr. Enfield looks at a mystery and says: oh, that’s strange; while Mr. Utterson his friend looks at strange case and says: oh, that’s strange – I wonder what’s going on. Here their two opinions differ and how they look upon the case this in a sort of way shows a certain duality between the two characters. Mr Utterson is a dual character in the book as he with Enfield discover that the house in which Mr Hyde in the tale goes into to fetch a cheque is in fact the back of Jekyll’s and as he had a key no mistake: ‘…I have been pedantically exact…’ Mr Jekyll begins to suspect that Jekyll is in some sort of trouble or is up to something no good as the two after the short conversation decide not to meddle and keep what they know between themselves: ‘…here is another lesson to say nothing…. let us make a bargain never to refer to this again…’. The duality is that Utterson makes this promise and yet continues to try and seek out what it is that Jekyll is up to. Contrast between the Hyde’s work force in Soho: the landlady and Jekyll’s work force at his house: Mr Poole. The landlady is described from first appearance as having and ‘…evil face…’ and she only admits the visitors after they request in contrast Mr Poole is very polite he’s described as a ‘…well dressed elderly servant…’ a servant who admits his visitor Mr Utterson into the house and even questions were he would prefer to wait: ‘…will you wait here or by the fire sir? Or shall I give you a light in the dining-room?’ another form of duality between the two is their loyalty to those of which they tend to (serve) Poole is very loyal and exhibits a lot of concern about Jekyll’s welfare, even going to Mr Uttersons for help upon the case in contrast the landlady upon hearing that her master may be in trouble explodes with joy: ‘…flash of odious joy appeared upon the woman’s face…. is he in trouble? What has he done?’. In this way of showing certain duality in these characters Stevenson was trying to covey that his book was not entirely upon the duality of Jekyll but of Victorian society and humanity as a whole, saying that everyone is somehow dual and because of this point this novel leaves a reader to search within themselves their duality.
In conclusion I believe that the theme of duality in the novel is explored very well by Stevenson but for a Victorian audience as certain aspects are not clear and some of the crimes Hyde commits are for a 21st century audience a bit mild and not so bad: the trampling of the young girl. Overall however Stevenson’s exploration upon duality raises many questions for everyone about humanity as a whole and how not everything is not what it seems. To a 21st century audience ‘the strange case of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde’ may just seem like a mystery novel but to the Victorian audience it was a form of attack. Stevenson successfully managed to criticise Victorian society and its supposed line of society and class that in actual fact was thin and had large holes within it which the Victorians crept in and out of in secret. He uncovered that the upper class was not as cleanly swept as was supposed and which met the eye. He showed that man’s fundamental nature is to slip and make mistakes to make the wrong decisions and try to fit in and be respected (as Jekyll did) but he also demonstrated that to deny one’s instincts sometimes completely is a strain on oneself and a danger to them and to the rest of society as was shown with Jekyll and Hyde. It is about good and evil, and the problems of keeping evil in check. I belive that Stevenson also tried to show people that what someone may look like from the outside does not necceaery mean they are that on the inside: for example Hyde looked hidious and horrid he behavioed so too but in actual fact at his core he was Jekyll a good man in conflict with his mad side and in need if help. Stevenson Crisisised Science showing that because of religious strong belief of some things such as prostition can ruin a man or any persons respected reputation men take huge risks to free themselves without harming their repution, for example Dr Jekyll risks his own life in carrying out his scientific experiment, so in truth his true crime is to abuse the scientific knowledge that he posses simply in order to enjoy unlawful adventures in the darkness of the night under the discuses called: Hyde. Stevenson's criticism is not concentrating against science, but somewhat against scientists who do not know how to control the forces they unleash and do so for their own benefit ignorant of what may happen and how it may affect others.