'The Crucible' by Arthur Miller - Discuss the appeal of 'The Crucible' to its audience.

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Sean Flynn 10 KO

English Literature Coursework:

‘The Crucible’

by Arthur Miller

Discuss the appeal of ‘The Crucible’ to its audience

        ‘The Crucible’ is a 20th century play that focuses on the Salem witchcraft trials of 1692. These events led to mass hysteria over the persecution of those who, allegedly, participated in acts of incantation. Over-exaggeration, emotion, tautness, suspense and the eradication of characters (due to their alleged involvement in witchcraft) are the main themes of the play throughout the four volatile scenes of ‘The Crucible’. The audience observing would be enticed by the mood swings of characters and their persecution for such crimes in the theocratic village, where interrogated citizens in the dense society were forced to name other possible witches. If they failed to produce names of others, they would be hanged ruthlessly. The inhabitants of Salem believed in witches and the Devil and that the Bible had instructed them that witches must be hanged. A feeling of inequity is sensed here. The events of the play, first performed in England in 1954, are analogous to the McCarthy era in the USA , where anyone suspected of criticising the government or its direction was to be brought before a court to respond to the charge of ‘Un-American Activities’.

        The opening scene in ‘The Crucible’ immediately gives the audience a feeling of a sinister and lifeless atmosphere:

A candle still burns near the bed … The roof rafters are exposed, and the wood colours are raw and unmellowed. Reverend Parris is discovered …, evidently in prayer. His daughter … is lying on the bed, inert. (Act One, p1)

The candle beside the bed indicates a slight source of light, perhaps hope that Betty will wake. The environment around is silent. The rafters are bare, and the wood is: ‘raw’. The Reverend is peacefully in prayer and his daughter is lying, as if lifeless, on the bed. A prayer is a silent act which emphasises the mood of the room. The imagery illustrates a dark, dull and demoralising sector of the Reverend’s home.

The description of the stage in the opening scene creates a false impression for the audience as the majority observing the play would now expect a lethargic plot, with limited excitement and monotonous dialogue with little emotion, but actually it is a play full of overdramatic behaviour and emotion.

An example of how Miller tries to create a temporal setting to make the assemblage feel they are in the 17th century is evident because a candle is used as a source of light, which is extremely rare in our modern society. The audience are given a major indication that Miller is attempting to make them feel in the 17th century when he introduces a slave.

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: ‘The door opens, and his Negro slave enters. Tituba is in her forties. Parris brought her with him from Barbados …’ (Act One p6) 

Slaves are no longer in abundance in America, after it was outlawed by Abraham Lincoln, and there are very few slaves worldwide today, implying that this play is based on 17th century American society. ‘The Crucible’ portrays a vast contrast between modern day living and the fortunes of people in previous centuries.

The theme of the play would appeal to the audience as they may be confounded to learn how people lived in the 17th century ...

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