1878 Present Recreation Epping Forest was made, it
was good for Recreation
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- Coppicing
This is when the tree is cut down to the ground level. Nowadays, it is not used a lot because the trees will take a lot of time to grow again.
Here is an example of coppicing:
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Pollarding
This is when the tree is cut about 2- 3 metres above the ground. Nowadays, people use this method more, pollarding allows the trees to grow again and it helps them to grow better. This is a much better method than coppicing.
- Canopy reduction
- Pollarding
This is when the tree is cut about 2- 3 metres above the ground. Nowadays, people use this method more, pollarding allows the trees to grow again and it helps them to grow better. This is a much better method than coppicing.
This is an example of pollarding:
- Canopy reduction
This is when all of the ends of a tree are cut up, to make the tree less heavy.
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Recreation and leisure today
Epping Forest, which is a large natural area, is now used for +recreational activities such as sports, leisure, picnics, family outings etc; The Forest’s leisure facilities include 45 football pitches, an 18-hole public golf course and three cricket pitches. Recreation is a big part of our leisure time and in today’s world, recreation is increasing every day, and Epping Forest is a leisure and tourism site because of its natural beauty.
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When we got there we were given field study centre sheets, which we had to fill in after we did our studies. We got told everything to do with the forest by the worker. The particular reason why we went to Epping Forest is because that is one of the biggest places in London to investigate. The other reason is that there are loads of different sites to compare. In year 10 we were given our 2 key questions, what impacts to visitors have and how is Epping Forest managed. I created my hypothesis by looking at the ground of both sites to see if there were people stepping on the grass where they shouldn’t be.
1. Hypotheses
There will be less soil compaction at rushey plain
Prediction
Because more people go there and they make the ground softer so it will affect soil compaction.
2. Hypothesis
There will be more of a trampling scale at Pillow mounds.
Prediction
I think it is an attractive place and people would more likely come there and there will be a lot of trampling along the vegetation.
3. Hypothesis
Amount of fine grass in pillow mounds
Prediction
I think there will be some fine grass in the beginning.
4. Hypothesis
The tallest plant in pillow mounds
Prediction
In my opinion there will not be enough tall plants because there is a lot of erosion in that site.
5. Hypothesis
The amount of leaf litter in rushey plain
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Prediction
6. Hypothesis
Amount of bare ground in pillow mounds
Prediction
There will be a lot of bear ground in pillow mounds because most people go there and trample on the ground.
I decided on these questions because I thought I will get more information out of them and they will help me a lot to make the prediction.
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What is the impact of visitors in Epping Forest?
The impact on of visitors in Epping Forest will be greater in more accessible areas e.g. honey pot sites.
How are visitors managed?
There is a variety of management most evident at honey pot areas.
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Tape measure 25m- the tape measure indicates how far you should go to measure the 45-degree angle to yourself to the tree. If you didn’t have that you wouldn’t know were to stand.
Random co-ordinates- random co-ordinates are just co-ordinates that are generated by a computer. So they don’t need to be researched. Two people just stand at a random place vertically and diagonally and then they join to see what there co-ordinate is.
Quadrate- the quadrate is a big square that has little squares inside of it the way you use it is you put the quadrate at a random place on a field and see if there is and bare ground, grass and broad leaf.
Ruler- the ruler is to measure how tall you are. The ruler was to measure the gully.
Penetrometer- you use the penetrometer to dig it into the soil and to see how much of it goes in. it also measured how hard the ground is.
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Hypothesis 1- there will be less soil compaction at Rushey plain
Hypothesis 2- there is more of tramping at Pillow Mounds.
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Hypothesis 3- there will be more fine grass in pillow mounds
Hypothesis 4- The tallest plant in pillow mounds
Hypothesis 5- There will be loads of leaf litter at rushey plain
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Hypothesis 6 – there will be loads of bare ground in pillow mounds
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There was a problem with rain and even if it wasn’t raining it was very cloudy. The other problem was that we didn’t have time and we had to rush to the site to the study centre and finish there to go to the next site. So if we missed bits out of writing it was the rush we had to go through. However we did eventually gathered all the information needed in the classroom from our group members. To improve our coursework we should of got photos of the Epping Forest and people doing the experiment.
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Hypothesis 1
There will be less soil compaction at Rushey plain
In the beginning the soil compaction is very high. It goes down and it quickly goes up again. Then it drops down a huge amount and picks up to 3 it goes down to 1 and it goes up 1 and it stays the same and finishes at 2.
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Hypothesis 2
There is more of tramping at Pillow Mounds.
The amount of trampling is low is stays the same for a little while and it comes up by 1 and suddenly drops to 2 and it stays the same and it goes back up again it stays the same for a bit and it increases a lot then it finishes at 7.
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Hypothesis 3
There will be more fine grass in pillow mounds
The amount of fine grass is pretty high in the beginning but still it creeps up a bit and then there is a drop 65% and another drop to 41% then there is a major drop to 0% and it shoots up to 60% and then there is another major drop 0% again it stays the same and it increases and finishes to 35%.
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4. Hypothesis
The tallest plant in pillow mounds
The tallest plant is very low at first it goes up slowly and reaches 0.05 and then it goes down to 0.03, it stays the same and drops down again to 0.01 it goes up and it decreases and finishes to 0.01.
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5. Hypothesis
There will be loads of leaf litter at rushey plain
The amount of leaf litter is very high and it drops a huge amount to 8% and it gets even higher than the beginning the it drops down again and increases then it drops a bit and gets higher a bit decreases and gets higher and drops and finishes at 5% which is the lowest out of all the percentages.
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6. Hypothesis
There will be a lot of bare ground in pillow mounds
It starts of low and it gets even lower then it goes high and keeps on going till 59% it drops down suddenly and it goes to 0% it stays the same and it gets higher and higher. It gets to 95% and it drops down and again and it finishes at 0% that was a huge drop down.
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Hypothesis 1
There will be more soil compaction at rushey plain
In my opinion this hypothesis is true because the amount of soil compaction is very low compared to pillow mounds. On the other hand not many people visit pillow mounds because there is more soil compaction there.
Hypothesis 2
There is more of tramping at Pillow Mounds.
In my opinion this hypothesis is true because the amount of trampling is very high compared to rushey plain. There is a lot of ground exposed in that area. So that means that more people go there to visit. There is barely any grass at pillow mounds. On the other hand not many people visit rushey plain because there isn’t a lot of trampling there. So there is a positive side to pillow mounds and that is that pillow mounds gets visited often.
Hypothesis 3
There will be more fine grass in pillow mounds
My hypothesis was kind of true because some had high percentages and some had 0%. Compared to rushey plain there is loads more fine grass in pillow mounds. However there is only fine grass in particular places.
Hypothesis 4
The tallest plant in pillow mounds
There isn’t much tall plant compared to rushey plain. In pillow mounds there are 0.0 and something nevertheless in rushey plain there are 0. something so it is obvious there is more tall plants in rushey plain then pillow mounds. On the other hand there isn’t much tall plants in both area because it is measured in (m).
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Hypothesis 5
There will be loads of leaf litter at rushey plain
There was a lot of leaf litter in rushey plain there wasn’t any place that had 0% of leaf litter. There are a lot of percentages all over the place some of them are very high and some of them are very low. The lowest is 5% and the highest is 94%.
Hypothesis 6
There will be a lot of bare ground in pillow mounds
I am mostly correct because there will more bare ground in pillow mounds then in rushey plain. In rushey plain there is 0% of bare ground in rushey plain. This means more people go to pillow mounds then rushey plain.
Comparing the two sites and looking at the data it seems that more people go to pillow mounds then rushey plain. In my opinion there is more facilities and les pollution and congestion in pillow mounds. On the other hand there is more pollution and congestion in rushey plain. That’s why more people prefer going to pillow mounds then rushey plain.
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the environmental impact of recreation and management on Epping Forest,” we were supposed to work on this aim and make an overall conclusion.
After looking at the 2 sites (pillow mounds and rushey plain) I have learnt a lot about them. Pillow mounds have more facilities and more people could go and visit the site. However at pillow mounds there was a great amount of trampling and the ground was exposed a lot. It was very clean and it had car parks places were people could relax, a pub and it was a honey pot site. Nevertheless there was a lot of trampling.
The trampling scale at rushey plain was excellent and very low but then that means that not many people visited the area. The soil compaction was very low too. Rushey plain was a decent area and I would of thought more people should visit it.
There is more recreation at pillow mounds. This will cause environmental problem because there will be more congestion and there will be more pollution because people might litter and this means that pillow mounds would not be a honey pot site any more. In my opinion they should put more litterbins so people would not just leave it on the ground. If it is polluted there will be les visitors so I think there should be more management in pillow mounds.
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My strengths in this coursework were that I got all the photos I needed and all the information. I found out what was my hypothesis was what I have to achieve in my hypothesis. I also learnt how to do my graphs and what information I need to gather for the graphs.
My weaknesses are that I should have made my coursework longer and I should of spent more time on it. The final thing I should of done is have a better presentation e.g. borders and a little more colour.
The areas I should develop in are the presentation and the introduction with more detail.
If I was giving advice to another student I would say when they go to Epping Forest they should really get all the information there is because that is the most important thing in this course work and if you haven’t got all the information then you would not get the grade u expect. They also should get all the photos because that gives you evidence and proof that you went there and learnt about the sites and the equipment.
In my view I would say to the worker of Epping Forest to have more management on pillow mounds because more people visit there and there would be more pollution. If they fix it up a bit then more people would come and visit the site and it would be a healthier place to visit.
This coursework linked to the other areas because Epping Forest and the other areas look very similar and it’s kind of related to the same work we are doing on Epping Forest.
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