HOW THE WATERFALL FORMS:
A step is present in the soft rock which forces the water downwards.
The water starts to erode as it is pushed down and creates a plunge pool.
The water keeps eroding and the waterfall gets bigger.
At this point the water starts undercutting the soft rock behind the waterfall.
This process continues and hard rock is broken off as the waterfall retreats.
Spray from the waterfall undercuts more.
Meanders
If something is in the way of a stream or river it has to go round it for example a tree or a rock.
After this first bend, the river hits the outside of the bend with more and more force to erode the river bank and enlarge the meander.
The eroded material is deposited on the inside of the bend >>> label this as the river beach.
This process continues >> The meander gets bigger and bigger until finally the river cuts through and meets at the other side.
This is an oxbow lake.
Deltas
Deltas are formed at the end of rivers (river mouth) as it flows into the sea.
Rivers carry a lot of sediment (mud).
The river flows into a calm sea.
This slows the river down.
This makes the river drop its sediment.
This deposited sediment builds up over years creating a delta.
The river is forced to split up.
The smaller rivers made by deltas are called distributaries.
Examples of Deltas are Nile Delta, Ganges Delta.
