Discussing psychologist perspectives and their use in Health and Social Care.

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D1All psychologist perspectives can be used in Health and Social Care. In this essay I will be discussing each one, telling you about the strength and weaknesses in the perspectives and how they can be applied. Behaviourist- This perspective is based on observable changes in behaviour. Behaviourism focuses on a new behavioural pattern being repeated until it becomes automatic- one person that used this method through classical conditioning (learning by association) was Pavlov (1849-1936). His use of this perspective in a positive view would be it showed that if you repeat something so many times it becomes a routine for a person or it becomes more bearable for them- this can be used in health and social care if a patient has a phobia, say of needles they then could show them other people getting their blood taken and after so long it would become bearable for them to see needles and in time have their blood taken themselves. In a more negative view of it, people could see it as more traumatic way of approaching things, placing someone in a situation they don’t want to be in just so they can adjust to the routine of finding something tolerable.  Another person to use this perspective was Skinner (1904-1990), who used it through operant conditioning mechanisms (positive reinforcement or rewards). His use of this perspective in a positive view would be that the idea of rewards and punishment of behaviourism can be sometimes useful in order to “shape” the required behaviour, especially with kids in order to make their reactions
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socially acceptable. In a negative view of this, it would mean that the only way a person knows if they are doing right or wrong is if they are reward with treats or punished. A child would think that the only reason to behave would be so they can get a reward, not just because they know it’s the right thing to do.Social Learning- This perspective was proposed by Albert Bandura, his theory was that people can learn new information and behaviours by watching other people and modelling what they see. This is known as observational learning.The positive view to ...

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