Health and social care

AS and A Level Healthcare

A2 HEALTH AND SOCIAL CARE

PROMOTION HEALTH & WELLBEING

CONTENT PAGE

SECTION A PAGES 3-5

Chosen topic “obesity” explanations about the chosen topic.
Statistical in formation and research background on obesity
Targeted group.

SECTION B PAGES 6-8

Aim and objectives
Chosen health promotional model
Explanations of the planned way to measure the success of the promotion.

SECTION C PAGES 9-10

Implementation of health promotion
Materials used in the promotion
Success of the promotion (outcome)
Self evaluation

SECTION D PAGES 10-11

The evaluation of the impact.

APPENDIXES PAGES 12

BIBLIOGRAPHY PAGE 18

Section A

Health promotion can be promoted in a number of different of ways; the health promotion can be directed to an individual to help prevent ill health that occur in the human body this is call a primary health education. Secondary health education educates the individual about their current condition, and informs them about what do could do about it.

In this report I will be carry out an investigation on obesity I will be researching on information that will provide a details about the health of the population, the causes and risk factors linked will ill health, and hence the possibilities of making improvement through health promotion. I will use internationally, nationally and locally data that will be presented in a variety of statistical formats. The main reason why I have chosen to do a health promotion on obesity is because the government, as given a statistical value of one the causes of death in the UK has a health illness disease is obesity. They also point out that there is a problem with the way we eat.

Obesity is one of the health issues that are rising in the UK; there are the increase of death in adults and young people. Being overweight increases the of many health conditions such as:

Hypertension
Dyslipidemia (for example, high total cholesterol or high levels of triglycerides)
Type 2 diabetes
Coronary heart disease
Stroke
Gallbladder disease
Osteoarthritis
Sleep apnea and respiratory problems
Some cancers (endometrial, breast, and colon)

Research

During my investigation I found out that there are over 30,000 deaths a year resulting to obesity in England alone. People who are classed has obese have a (BMI) of over 30. Looking at Saving Lives Our Healthier Nation provides information that the main cases of coronary heart disease apart from smoking, poor nutrition which is part of obesity, physical inactivity and high blood pressure.

Having a poor diet which means too much fat and salt and not enough fruit and vegetables will increase cholesterol levels in blood. A 10% reduction in cholesterol lowers the risk of coronary heart diseases by 50%.

Fig 1

This is showing that an unskilled woman has the chance of being obese by 25% to a professional woman by 14%.

An intermediate social group will also have a less chance of being obese.

National Statistics shows the diet and nutrition of the proportion of overweight children.

Fig 2

This is showing the proportion of overweight children and adolescents aged 2-19 years by sex 1995-2000. This information gives the information that in 1999 boys have a highest percentage and confidence of intervals of being overweight of 23.0, smallest in 1997 of 17.7. Where as girls have the highest overall percentage and confidence of intervals of being overweight of 26.6 in 2000.

Fig 3

This is showing the proportion of obesity children and adolescents aged 2-19 years by sex 1995-2000. This information gives the information that in 1999 have the highest percentage and confidence intervals of being obese of 5.9. This corresponded with the information given about boys being overweight aged between 2-19 years in still on an increase.

This information gives the information that 2000 have the highest overall percentage and confidence intervals of being obese of 6.8. This corresponded with the information given about girls being overweight aged between 2-19 years in still on an increase.

Between 1995 and 2000 the proportion of overweight boys in England aged 2 to 19 years increased by two per cent and the proportion of overweight girls in the same age range increased by three per cent. In the same time period, the proportion of obese boys and girls increased by one per cent.

Fig 4

Section B

During this unit 8 I need to show that I have a clear understand of factors that influence the decision of the demonstration of a health promotion.

In this coursework I will able to present to my chosen target group which is 16-18 years old demographic data in this case patterns of ill health that will be associated with the lifestyle and behaviours of the individual. The national and international targets that are aim for obesity will be draw out in the presentation. I will also point out the concerns about obesity this can be expressed by the government, public and also the media.

In the demonstration I will be able to give a scientific background on the issue that course obesity.

The reason why I have chosen this particular topic because it shows that UK statistics show a urgent need for action that 1 in 5 adults are obese, 2001 23 percent of woman and 21 percent of men were obese.

It is also said that more than half of adult population is obese or overweight and also obesity among 16-15 year’s olds has trebled from 5 percent in 1990 to 16 percent in 2001.

AIM:

The ...

This is a preview of the whole essay

In the demonstration I will be able to give a scientific background on the issue that course obesity.

It is also said that more than half of adult population is obese or overweight and also obesity among 16-15 year’s olds has trebled from 5 percent in 1990 to 16 percent in 2001.

AIM:

The presentation is aimed to raise awareness amongst young people target group of 16-18 years old. This presentation will be about healthy eating.
Changing attitudes, behaviour and lifestyles of individuals by giving advice to the best of my knowledge.
Providing information and improving knowledge by demonstrating government statistics which will give more understanding of the growth of obesity in the years.

OBJECTIVES:

The objective is to ensure that young people have an understanding of having a good nutrition.
The objective is to explore their attitudes towards obesity. This may be about how they would apply this in their daily life.
The objective is that the young person can work out their (BMI) Body Mass Index and compare it to the actual (BMI) to be a healthier person.

Models and approaches

The overall aim of this health promotion is to be able to empower and create an awareness of health eating. This empowerment method is involving and helping the individuals to obtain, the power to make their own decisions and choices.

The chosen approach will be the educational approach relating back to the target group I believe that this approach will be reliable to provide knowledge, it ensure that the individual have a clear understanding of obesity from this they can develop a necessary skills to enable an skill to make and act upon the informed decisions.

This approach provides the targeted group in this case the 16-18 years information which is needed in understand what the effect be overweight can do to the human body. Individuals will be able to show exploration of attitudes and feelings. This is having in mind at all time to respect the individual’s choice in their own health behaviour.

Second approach that I have chosen is behaviour change approach, from this I am able to encourage the individuals to adopt on a healthy lifestyle through changing their own attitudes toward have a good balanced diet.

When using the behaviour approach I need to consider that not all behaviour can change when showing the presentation has individual in the room may have they on understanding or beliefs towards the issue raised. I need to also consider that not all my intentions to empower my client may not be taken into account or in this case followed through.

I believe both of these approaches fit like a ‘jigsaw’ both connect in a way when that me has a promoter needs to understand the pro and con. The promoter may encourage a change which may sometimes not work and always having in mind not to come across discriminative and prejudice. Having the educational model in this context can be more persuasive information to adapt to healthier nutrient intake diet. This decision to eat healthily may also rely on the availability of healthy foods.

In this case the other approaches relating back to the chosen target group I feel they will feel that medical model needs is for professionally qualified individuals who understand scientific on the basis of the individuals knowledge of obesity. Most of the individuals may not have that basic understanding due to health intervention. While the other approaches to health requires counselling, teaching and time consuming in collecting at reliable sources.

Ethical issues have to be considered which when doing the health promotion the main principles such as promoting anti-discriminatory practice, maintaining confidentiality, supporting the rights of an individuals, acknowledging personal beliefs and identities which is applicable to health promotion. During the health promotion I maintained confidentiality by not asking the student to not put they name on the questionnaire paper. I did not add personal question which will affect them in feeling bad about their weight.

Measuring the success of promotion

Measuring out the success of promotion will enable me as the health promoter to have a clear understanding of what individual feel about the presentation and not only that what effect its has on the individuals lifestyle afterwards.

After deciding on the overall aims and objective I need to measure the outcome of the method use to carry out the presentation. I will need to produce a before and after questionnaire this will bring a discussions and observation of how the group knowledge is and the attitudes their have towards obesity.

Before questionnaire contain questions that that will provide me with information of how much the individuals know about nutrition, from then point of view what being overweight mean to them and the illness that may occur due to poor diet.

After questionnaire will contain the individual understandings of what their have learnt, suggestions on improvements to the presentation and it will have an effect on the individual in a long run.

When designing the questionnaire I will need collect information from students, the information used in collecting the questionnaire will be open question which allow them broaden their ideas on what they thought. Close question will be used as a straight forward answer. This will be completed individually, by 12 students I will be able to divide these into how many people said yes and how many people said no to certain particular questions from this I can analyse how successful the presentation was.

Section C

Before the presentation I ensure I wrote a clear layout of how the process of the demonstration will processed. This helped me structure my activities and provided me with a framework which checks can be made to ensure that the programme is kept at the given time and the original aim.

The presentation was based in the classroom where tutorial takes place; the sits where already placed in a constructive way where by me as the promoter can communicate eye contact with every individual person in the room. The selected recourses used in carrying out this demonstration were leaflets, video, access to the computer to provide information using the internet and the use of PowerPoint.

These I believed will provide a clear picture and clear information that will lead to empowering the students to understanding of what healthily eating is.

Facilities in the room were available for interactive work area to display the PowerPoint presentation and all necessary equipment was made available.

Due to the fact that the demonstration was taking place in a laboratory all safety issues were considered before hand.

Through the displays of the PowerPoint I was able to project my information in a clear view meaning that all the students were able to see clearly the style of format that was used which I believe will engage the student by giving a powerful effect.

In the presentation I used leaflets which limited the student taking notes and allow the information to be re-read by the individual at any time that suited them.

I used the leaflets towards the ending of the presentation I gave one of the leaflets called “5 A DAY Just Eat More Fruit and Veg” to each individual in the class to fill out the “5 A day dairy” after reading the leaflet they could follow this diary to ensure that could at least include a fruit or vegetable in their meals.

A handout of healthy eating chart and culture choices in food was handed out. I created a group activity where by were place in group of 3’s or 2’s, to produce a meal plan for a person such as close friends or relative who they feel has a bad eating habits. So a pen and paper was handed out. I also ensure that the students should consider their religious and personal preferences.

I also used a video as a resource method on nutrition this I believe triggered the student to make a discussion on what they think about the video and what they understand from their of view. This enable be to present my information in a lively way which mean that me as the promoter I have they attention.

Before I started the presentation I made a presentation plan sheet which I followed. These plan sheets allowed me structure the activities and provided a time that I had to follow. I was prepared with all my before and after questionnaire, the video chosen what later change to having a storyline about encouraging people who have this overweight issues to build up their self esteem.

I was able to show my PowerPoint in a clear and understandable way. I thought of myself being well organised by having all the equipment needed, however there won’t enough leaflet for each individual students to fill out.

This may to due to the fact of not knowing how many students will attend the tutorial by lack of information given from to them before time.

I found that I was well organised by keeping up with the time limit that was give to me and finish just in time to leave space for a 5 minute discussion on what was learnt. My strengths out weighed my weaknesses by starting the presentation right on time and finishing on time. I was able to get my feedbacks from each individuals in the class when doing the activity on working out the BIM and discussion on the provide a meal plan for a chosen friend or relative. Weakness was not having enough information on how obesity occurs in the human body and at least explaining one or two diseases that occurs in greater depth.

If given a chance to redo the presentation I will ensure that I have an equal amount of leaflets and also ensure that I will give more information about the disadvantage of being unhealthy in this case more images that show the effects of diseases in the human body. Provide new things that they have not heard before.

During the activity I was able to build self confidence in my self at all time even if I knew that things were not according to plan. At the time I used my initiative even if did not know the answer I asked to look it up in the internet.

Section D

When collecting all my questionnaires back from the students I identified that the majority of students had an understanding of healthy eating and the effects that is can cause to the body. This may be due to the fact that they’re at this stage of being in college their may have the influence of the keeping fit, and me has the health promoter has being given some informative facts before hand that they were all science students.

However analysing more into the per-questionnaire most of the students were unable to identify the long term damages that fat can do to the body. At this stage I felt that I was able to project more knowledge into my presentation more giving more background information into what sign and symptoms that that human being will get. Doing this I know that will get an accurate feedback from each individual person. At this stage I felt that I have successfully achieved one of my aim in creating awareness of healthy eating and my first objectives in ensuring that young people understand good nutrition.

Has one of my aim was to be able to change attitudes, behaviour and lifestyles of individuals by giving advice to the best of my knowledge, having in mind that I have chose a model approach was behavioural not all minds will be changed as the students may feel susceptible to other influences but I ensure that I included a free speech what ever they was wrong they should speak towards the end of the presentation.

During the presentation I was able to show a before and after effect on the issue of obesity well doing this I was considering the ethical part to the issues raised by saying “in other hand having a healthily balance diet your body mass index can be in a normal weight range”. Looking at the collected after questionnaires I was able to gather the information from the individuals showing the majority of the students were able to indicate that the presentation was clear, length of time spent on the topic was adequate, the resources used in supporting the topic were helpful, being comfortable in seats and giving an opportunity to ask questions all these indication show that my presentation was being paid attention by the clients. To this also I was able to successfully achieve my third aim which was to providing information and demonstrate statistical facts as a back up.

The collection also indicated that new knowledge and understanding were acquired well doing the presentation, however some individuals believe that my explanations to the issue was not well resounded at this point it may show that these individuals have their own views and opinion to what they saw is also showed that when I had left a space below for comment toward this they did not comment so I was unable to no how I could have improved my presentation in the future.

Overall the outcome of the presentation was very beneficial to the students has all the positive feed backs out weighed the negatives. To this I know that they will be able to project this information to all their friends and families in a positive way. And my overall aims and objectives were meet in a adequate and informative way.

Appendixes

Appendix 1: 15 hour Plan (Timetable) ………………page 13

Appendix 2; Sources of information from Guardian newspaper article “Keep slim or risk cancer, landmark study warns”……………..page14

Appendix 3: Planned presentation sheet……….page16

Appendix 4: Before and after questionnaires……page17…

Appendix 1: 15 hour Plan (Timetable)

Appendix 2; Sources of information from Guardian newspaper article “Keep slim or risk cancer, landmark study warns”

This was used to calculate the BMI of the student’s weight.

Appendix 3: Planned presentation sheet

Date: 10 November 2007 Room: N07 Time: 1.40-2.15

Aim: The aim of the presentation is to demonstrate an awareness of the importance of a health eating for student in the college. Target group aged16-18 years old.

Objective: The objective is that by the end of the presentation all students will be able to list the components of healthy eating and also to be able to understand and collect feedbacks on what they have learnt about the demonstration.

Bibliography

(Fig 1)

(Fig 2 and 3)

(This web-site was used in the presentation to show the effect of obesity in children and how to overcome the issues.)

(This website was used to provide information of the scientific background on how fat is stored in the human body)

(This website was used to get statistical background information on how obesity has increase over the years.)

(This website was used to provide information on the definition on obesity.)

(This website was used in the presentation of show the risk and also used in making a clear understanding of BMI)

(This was used in the presentation where the individuals used the BMI calculator to find out if there were underweight, ideal, overweight, loss weight

And lose weight now.)

(Fig 4)

(This web site was used to for a secondary information resource this is to see the other views of what the media views are.)

HEALTH AND SOCIAL CARE A2

Publication by William Collin’s in 1819

2006 Mark Walsh, Paul Stephens, Marilyn Billingham, Mary Crittenden, Alison Thomson and Douglas Thomson.

Pages 63-65, 67-69, 74-76, 79, 88-91 and 93-97.