These services helps Lucy physically as she will be active all the time and will be normal size and not overweight or obese. These services also help Lucy to build her stamina, suppleness and her strength so she is fitter than usual. It will help her intellectually as she is provided with education and experiences on new things everyday. It also helps her intellectually as she will be learning new skills and the main thing a new language which is the most important thing in her life. It will help Lucy emotionally as she will feel better about herself as she knows that people are there for her whenever she needs it. It will make her socially as she will have friends.
The subject that Lucy learns at school that helps her with her intellectual needs are:
- Mathematics: the teacher teaches mathematics to the students and to the students as she uses blocks and large numbers to help them understand with what they are learning for learners who are visual. She also writes the solutions on the board so they can also see it and check their answers with the ones on the board.
- Science: they are taught science through little object which represent the topics that they are studying. They also get A3 sheets of paper which have some objects and word on them and the pupils have to match them. The teacher also uses worksheets and performs activities with them to help them understand in depth.
- Literacy: they are taught literacy as the teacher reads to the children and then they are asked to answer questions on the story that the teacher has read out to them to see how much of the story they have understood.
- Art: the teacher teaches them art mainly through making them draw pictures and paint them. The teacher also give the children printed versions of picture and make them colour inside the lines to make sure that they are neat.
The developmental needs that Lucy will have are new experiences, education and books. The placement meets Lucy’s need about new experiences as they provide Lucy with different types of environment throughout the school year. They also take the children to trips where they learn about different places and their related topics. They provide education as Lucy is taught everyday in school and also sets reading tasks for Lucy to carry out at home with her parents. The provide books for the children as they provide free reading books for the children and free exercise books for the children to write on. They also provide free pens, pencils, and other equipment to do with art.
They meet Lucy’s social needs. Lucy’s social needs are:
- Interesting leisure activities: they have PE lessons for the in which they do various different types of exercising such as jumping, football and many more.
- Relationships with others: they have children from different cultures and diversities so the children can know about each other and learn about different cultures.
My second client is called Luke. Luke on the other hand is also six and is in the same class as Lucy. He is Black and he is born in Britain, so he knows how to speak English properly. Luke has anger and behavioural problems and doesn’t follow instruction when given but follows them after he is told off. Luke is also hyperactive and is always full of energy.
This service helps Luke with is physical, intellectual, social and emotional development in mainly the same way as my first client Lucy. On the other hand this client has different needs than my first one and Stanford Primary School try to meet these different needs in different ways and at different times.
To overcome Luke’s problem the teacher listens to whatever her says and she tries to listen to him specially because he has a low attention span and if no attention is paid at him then he goes really bad and starts throwing objects around the classroom. As the teacher listens to him it makes him feel valued and feels happy and will do his work properly and the teacher encourages him and whenever he achieves something than the teacher praises him to build his self concept and his confidence.
As Luke has anger management and behavioural problems the teachers observe him all the time and regularly meet up with his parents so the parents can also see how their son is getting along at school. In these meetings they set targets for Luke to achieve over the next week and when they get together again the can see if he achieved the targets.
Anger is an emotion that is caused by frustration. Aggression means trying to hurt a person or to destroy property.
What can his parents do to help Luke?
- Talk to a paediatrician about a referral to a professional if your child if your child is doing things that are dangerous, harmful or disrespectful to people or property.
These are the things that are related to behavioural problems:
- Losing ones temper- when the teacher tells him to o something right he gets really angry and stomps around the classroom hurting other people present in the classroom.
- Arguing with adults- he argues with the teachers at school when they instruct them what to do and how to behave in the classroom
- Actively defying requests- he doesn’t listen what the teachers and other pupils tell him what to do he defies them and does what he pleas.
- Refusing to follow rules- he doesn’t follow the school and the classroom rules as he runs around the classroom and throws pens and pencils around the classroom.
- Deliberately annoying people: he annoys people as he goes around making funny noises and taking other peoples belongings.
- Blaming others for one mistake: once he hit someone at break time and then he blamed the other boy who was no where near where Luke was playing.
- Easily annoyed and distracted: when someone starts to play when they finish their work then he starts to play with them and leaves his work unfinished.
- Resentful
- Spiteful or vindictive.
All these problems are related to Luke.
A behavioural problem is also known as Oppositional Defiant Disorder. ODD is usually diagnosed when a child has a persistent or consistent pattern of disobedience of hostility towards parents, teachers or other adults.
Children with ODD often are:
- Stubborn
- Test limits and push boundaries
- Easily annoyed
- Lose their temper
- Argue with adults
- Refuse to comply with rules and directions
- Blame others for mistakes
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
Children who have ADHD have a disorder that means that they may have problems paying attention or sitting till in their class. The kids with ADHD do things without thinking about them first. On average, 8-10% of kids have ADHD. That means out of 100 kids, 8 to 10 of them may have ADHD. So if your school has 300 kids, 24 to 30 of them may have ADHD. Kids who have ADHD usually start having problems in preschool. Boys have ADHD more often than girls. In fact, three times as many boys have ADHD, but no one knows why.
A kid might have a greater chance of developing ADHD if one of his or her relatives already has ADHD or another type of behaviour problem. But no one is sure why anyone has ADHD, although scientists and doctors think that it probably has to do with differences in the way people's brains work. No one gets ADHD on purpose, so it isn't ever anyone's fault. And ADHD isn't contagious - you can't catch it from someone like the flu.
Kids with ADHD need more than just medicine. They also need help to change the way they act. They do this by relaxation therapies or behavioural therapy. In relaxation therapy, counsellors teach how to relax and stay calm by doing deep-breathing exercises and relaxing different groups. Behavioural therapy helps the child by teaching them to set goals for themselves and using rewards to help them reach those goals. For example, the teacher at my work placement gave Luke a reward for sitting still in the class and not distracting anyone in the class.
Luke’s physical needs are met at the placement as they provide Luke with warmth. They provide warmth for the children as they turn the radiators on when it is winter time. They also let the children play inside at lunchtime when it is wet play meaning that it is really cold or raining outside to prevent the children from getting a cold or an illness. The also protect Luke and the other children as they have CCTV cameras all around the school. They also have a log book which visitors can fill in when they come into the school so the school knows how who has visited the school, what day and the time they arrived and what time they left. They also have a metal fencing around the whole school so no one can jump in without any one knowing about them. Also at the end of the day they don’t let the children out unless their parents come to collect them. If someone else has come to collect a child they will need permission from the parent allowing them to collect the child.
I have been informed that Luke has ADHD when I asked the classroom teacher.
Future
The placement that I visited provides both of my clients with the requirements that they need to overcome their problems but this may not happen when they move on to secondary school or even college.
When my clients are older they may not have the same needs that I have described above. Lucy will overcome her need of English as an Additional Language as she will get used to English as she will be hearing it everywhere she goes since she lives in the country where English is the main language. But if this need of Lucy doesn’t disappear then she may face some supplementary problems. She may have the same problems that she faces at primary school. She may be bullied at school by other children, as when children grow up they start to learn and understand things more better and they will treat her differently due to her not being able to speak English. This could also affect her chances of getting a job and could also affect her social life as no one will want to be friends with her as she can’t speak or understand anything. It will stop them from communicating and interacting with each other at school or even in the work place. They won’t be able to ask for help as they can’t speak English and this may affect their self concept as she will need constant help from people and not allowing you to be independent.
As Lucy grows up she will be developing more social needs and will need to communicate with people more often. Due to this she will be developing more social care needs. These include:
- Interesting leisure activities: she will need to go and enjoy herself at leisure centres and also to prevent her to get stressed.
- Enough money: she will obviously need enough money to survive as she will need to buy herself clothes, food and she will get enough money if she has good qualifications and a good job for her to fulfil her basic needs.
- Relationships with others: she will need to have good relationships with the people she communicates and interacts with as if she doesn’t the she will feel left out and then have a low self esteem .
- Somewhere to live: she will need somewhere warm to stay if she wants to protect herself from diseases. She will also need it for security and shelter.
- Purposeful occupation: she will obviously need to keep herself busy as she will feel lonely and upset about herself. She will also feel useless as she doesn’t have a job and this will also affect her self concept.
She will also develop new health and developmental needs as she grows up. When Lucy becomes adolescence then she will need to get vaccinations, school health services, dental services and hospital services to keep herself healthy and protected from diseases. However she will also have some more unique needs that adolescents have as she is at the age where she is not a child but she is not an adult either. She will need health promotion such as proving information on teenage issues.
When Lucy becomes an adult she will still need the health services although she will develop more serious medical conditions (diabetes) as she grows up and may even require specialist care. she may also need mental health care. She will also need developmental needs and to overcome this she may attend university to do a degree, she could attend local colleges, or she can attend conferences to overcome her developmental needs.
When she goes into the later adulthood life stage then she will need more help with daily living. They offer help which includes:
- Nursing care at home
- Personal care
- Domestic help
- Equipment (stair lifts)
On the other hand Luke may or may not overcome his difficulty if he doesn’t receive proper care at this life stage and it will be more difficult for him to overcome this need later in his life. If Luke doesn’t overcome his need now then when he is older. There are a number of ways her can do this. He will need to deal with angry feelings and will need to find ways to express himself. He can try to breathe deeply from the diaphagram in long slow breaths, giving your heartbeat to slow down. He will need to think before he says something. He will also need to be patient and ask people questions and he will need to try and be assertive. He may also need to exercise to overcome his problem and try out relaxation therapies. He can also try and change the environment that he feels awkward and will definitely need to learn how to express his feelings. Professional services that can help Luke to overcome his problem at a later stage of his life are:
- Counselling: counselling will help him to look at they way he thinks and the problems his behaviour can cause to other people.
- Anger management programmes: This is a more focused programme designed for people who’ve had a single violent episode or who’ve been violent in the past and now feel able to make changes.
- Assertive training: Assertiveness training teaches people how to express their feelings and needs in a calm, considered way that is respectful of the other person.
His parents could help him to overcome his difficulty as they can:
- Set Limits
- Adjust the climate
- Promote good behaviour
- The Role of Discipline
- Avoiding arguments.
- Listening to your child
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Say "Yes" To No: Give your children permission to say "no" to anyone who asks them to do something they know or feel is wrong. Teach them to say "no" firmly and loudly, then to go tell another adult.
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Private Time: Give your children a place to be alone and call their own. Respect their privacy, particularly their physical privacy.
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Ask Yourself
Take an honest look in the mirror and ask yourself: Are you in constant battle with your kids? Do you find yourself wanting to hit your children? Do you think your children are "winding you up" to spite you? If so, talk with someone before these feelings get the better of you. Call a friend or relative and/or seek professional help from Social Services, the NSPCC or your GP. Help is available so use it! Positively you are showing that you care about the relationship with your child.
Luke will also develop the same or similar needs that Lucy will develop when he enters the other 3 life stages.
Bibliography
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nutrition.about.com/od/nutritionforchildren/Kids_Nutrition.htm
- GCSE Health and Social Care book
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