The central themes are the relationships within the family fundamentally affected by the great change of Gregor Samsa.

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              The central themes are the relationships within the family fundamentally affected by the great change of Gregor Samsa. The relationship between Gregor and his sister Grete is perhaps the most unique. It is Grete, with whom the metamorphosed Gregor has any relation of understanding, suggesting that the Kafka intended to lend at least some significance to their relationship. Grete's significance is found in her changing actions, feelings, and speech toward her brother, which seem to parallel Gregor's own metamorphosis. She is the only one in the family with whom Gregor was intimate. At first, she takes it upon herself to clean his room and feed him. With time, however, she loses interest in this and leaves him alone. Change is a major theme through The Metamorphosis as well because Gregor undergoes many changes and his transformation evokes change in his family.

              The family is exhausted and overworked, and this is shown through their growing indifference to Gregor. Grete, seemingly beginning to forget the Gregor still has human feelings and sensitivities. She sees the complete disappearance of Gregor as the human and the complete rise of the beetle. Grete's betrayal was just one more emotional trauma Gregor had to face.

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              Kafka used black comedy and irony to develop his tragic view of society and family. Grete is the only one in the family with whom Gregor has any relationship. At first, she takes responsibility to clean his room and feed him. However, soon she loses interest in this and leaves him alone. Grete, who first cared so much for Gregor, is also the first who wants to get rid of him.  Kafka also indicates that Gregor is at times misled because he thinks that the next time the door would open he would ...

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