How did the Tsar survive in 1905?

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How did the Tsar survive in 1905?

Up to the end of the 19th century, Russia was an autocratic country. It was ruled by an autocratic Tsar. He ruled, as he liked. His will was the sole source of law, of taxation and justice. He controlled the army and all the officials. Through his special position on the Holy Synod, he controlled even religious affairs. The privileged nobles, who possessed land and serfs, and held all the chief offices in the Tsar's administration, supported his autocratic rule.

The mass of people was serfs. Serfs were 'slaves'. They worked on the estates of the nobles. The nobles could punish them in any form. The nobles could even sell them as chattels. Besides the serfs, there was a very small middle class in the towns. They were discontented with the backwardness of Russia.

The main theme of the Russian history in the 19th century is that the non-noble classes asked for an improvement in their wretched and poor conditions of life. When the Tsarist government failed to do so, they revolted for the first time in 1905 and then for the second time in 1917, by which the