In 1965- Winston Churchill died. He was the Prime Minister from 1940-1945 during WWII.
In 1966- England won the World Cup in football after a 4-2 victory against West Germany.
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In 1968- Martin Luther King, an American campaigner for black civil rights becomes assassinated.
Also in 1968- Robert Kennedy who was campaigning to be President was also assassinated, just like his brother in 1963.
In 1969- The Astronaut Neil Armstrong becomes the first man to walk on the moon.
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Martin Luther King was born in 1929
During his life he was a US Baptist minister and was also the leader of the Black Civil Rights movement. The Civil Rights movement, spread rapidly throughout America, and as its leader he was imprisoned twice, although it was a peaceful movement.
In 1963 he organised a peaceful march in Washington where his famous speech beginning ‘ I have a dream’ was sent to 200,000 people. He was seen as a popular and powerful man well respected by all. As a result of his efforts Civil rights act of 1964 came into force, which helped to end discrimination against blacks.
The King later on received a Nobel Peace Prize.
In 1968 James Earl Ray a white Southerner, assassinated the King on a motel balcony on the 4th April 1968.
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This speech Martin Luther King made the day before he was assassinated.
‘I just want God’s will. And he’s allowed me to go up to the mountain. And I’ve looked over and I’ve seen the promised land…So I’m happy tonight.
I’m not worried about anything.
I’m not fearing any man’
This is the famous speech he made beginning with ‘ I have a dream’
‘ I have a dream that my four little children
will one day live in a nation where they will
not be judged by the colour of their skin, but
by the content of their character’
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He was born the son of a Tribal chief.
He studied to be a lawyer by profession, and was active in the ANC (African National Congress) organisation.
The ANC was an organisation, fighting against Aparthied in South Africa.(Aparthied was where the black people were kept separate from the white people and not treated well).
In 1962 Nelson Mandela was put into prison, and in 1964 he was sentenced to life in jail. He later on became a symbol of fight against Aparthied.
After a long and hard campaign in South Africa, and other countries he was released in 1990.
In 1993 he signed South Africa’s new non-racial constitution and was also awarded the Nobel Peace Prize just like Martin Luther King.
In 1994 he became the first black president of South Africa.
Nelson Mandela is still alive today.
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Muhammed Ali was an American boxing champion of the 60’s.
He was born as Cassius Clay a Christian but later on changed his name to Muhammed Ali, when he joined a Black Muslim community.
He won the world title three times.
Muhammed Ali lost his title when he refused to fight in the Vietnam War.
In the year 2000 he was awarded the award of the best sport personality of the millennium.
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The 60’s were the time of change, this all had an impact on the way people dressed, the food they ate, their jobs and their fun time.
In the homes, new gadgets and machines could be seen. Families had vacuum cleaners, telephones, TV’s and fridges for the first time.
As electricity was used more, the technology in offices and factories also changed.
New machines came into the 60’s, which worked faster and better.
In 1961 – Theodore Maiman perfected the Laser now used in surgery and even printing.
In 1964 – the computer mouse was developed.
In 1967 – The first hand held calculator was invented by Texas Instruments at a cost of $2,500
In 1968 – The first cash machine is installed in a Bank in America
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Major changes in transport took place in the 60’s and here they are.
The cars became an important and necessary mode of transport.
The mini became a very successful car in the 60’s.
Although in America cars were very large and powerful and fast.
Roads were built connecting major cities, and motorways were everywhere.
The train network connected towns and villages.
In the 1960’s steam engines became less popular and Diesel, then electric trains came into use.
As with trains, before the 60’s steamships were mainly in use for transport. Throughout that decade and even now steam trains but with better engines are still used.
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People were getting more adventurous now, and wanted a different way of travelling and that’s when air travel became popular.
The first aircrafts were slow with small engines, but as time went by there came jet engines and faster and bigger aircrafts.
By the late 60’s the first supersonic jet was being built and it was called The Concord.
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In this decade the new generation of young people had come. They wanted to live and dress in an exciting new way. They wore brightly coloured clothes.
In the 1960’s the fashion for women were mini skirts. Everybody wanted mini skirts. The person who first brought out the mini skirt was a lady called Mary Quant.
Women who wore mini skirts usually wore them with boots and belts.
Men in the 1960’s still wore blue jeans and T-shirts, but the fashionable men wore Low cut hipster trousers in bright colours.
By the late 60’s the trousers became flared and were often worn with shirts covered in flowers that was called the Flower Power period.
For some reason these styles seem to be familiar now. Maybe the 60’s fashion is coming back.
The skirts started to get longer, there was the midi skirt, then the full length, maxi skirt became fashionable.
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Then cheap plastic, brightly coloured jewellery was in fashion, high-heeled boots were in fashion and even leather ankle boots were in fashion. Hats were not popular among the youth.
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In 1960 Elvis Presley the King of Rock and Roll returned to the music scene from the US army.
In the 1960’s the popular types of music was: The Beatles (Paul, George, Ringo, and John) and the Beach boys in America. Their music appealed to the teenagers.
The ‘ King’ Elvis Presley had fifteen number 1 records two of which were ‘Jailhouse Rock’ and ‘ Blue Suede Shoes ‘.
In Britain, Cliff Richard and his romantic songs were popular.
The Black rhythm and Blues Band were very popular in clubs and bars.
Singers like James Hendrix, Gladys Knight, Diana Ross and others were great.
In the mid 1960’s there was a change in popular music, and ACID Rock using a lot of instruments. e.g. Electronic guitars. Electronic devices became popular.
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This change in part of the world made it fashionable to take drugs. So it really had a bad effect on society. Many groups including, The Beatles, The Who and The Rolling Stones were said to take drugs.
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The swinging 60’s was the GROOVIEST decade of the millennium.
A lot of interesting and colourful events took place.
The 60’s was a decade full of love, peace, war, excitement and people who made history and changed the world forever.
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20th Century Art – Clare Oliver
- How We Used To Live – Freda Kelsall
- Clothes Of The Modern World – Christine Hatt
- Timelines – Neil Morris
- Changing Times – Neil Morris
- 1000 Great Lives – Jonathan Law
7.http://www.fashion-flashbacks.com
8.http://kclibrary.nhmccd.edu/decade60
9.http://www.bbc.co.uk/science/space
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