History Essay Joe Murphy Mrs Milarvie
To what extent did the survival of Nazi rule in Germany from 1933-39 depend on their solving Germany's economic problems?
To a certain extent, the survival of the Nazi rule within Germany depended on their solving of the increasing economic problems in Germany. Previous to the Nazi rule, Germany was in a desperate state, unemployment was rising and the country was facing depression. In this state desperate times called for deperate measures and the Nazis provided the solution, hence were voted into power. Hitler realised that in order to stay in power he would have to eliminate political opposition. Through Hitler's policy of Gleichschaltung (co-ordination) the Nazis ensured all organisations such as courts, churches, schools and the civil service were all controlled by one man, Hitler. Following these strict methods, young people were brainwashed into believing Nazi was the way forward in Germany. The creation of Nazi Youth and Nazi Maidens were formed for children and the like. Hitler convinced many Germans that they were the superior 'Ayrian Race' and convinced them that Jews and other groups were inferior. The use of force, violence and intimidation was central to keeping the Nazis in power during the period of 1933-39.
As previously stated, Hitler realised his main problem would be the oppostion opposing his views. Hitler quite clearly made it evident that he would not share the power with anyone, especially when it would probably involve an election within the Reichstag, of which he despised. Appreciating that the German public respected the law and procedure of the Reichstag, Hitler had to find a way of desposing of it inconspiciously. So in the the 27th of Feburary 1933 the Reichstag building mysteriously burnt to the ground. Hitler understanding this was his chance managed to frame a young Dutch Communist by the name of Marinus van der Lubbe as the culprit and used his master to play into his own hands. Many German people believed Hitler's claims that the Communists started the fire and so using his powers as Chancellor, Hitler used this incident to arrest all Communist Party leaders and introduce a virtual state of martial law. Realising this could possibly turn the public against the Nazis, Hitler decided not to ban the Party completly incase votes for the Social Democrats rose. Following the fire Hitler issued a decree for the 'protection of the people and the state'. This enabled a wide range of powers and stayed there throughout the Nazis stay in power. After the election in March 1933 Hitler was given control of Germany and it was not long before he made widespread changes. Obviously Hitler called the election in March to be put in power but he also called it to put an end to the parliamentary democracy that stood before him. The device that Hitler used to create the one-party rule was called the Enabling Act. This Act provided Hitler with the chance to attain all legislative power from everyone however had to get the bill passed by the majority. In fear of the SS ( personal guards to Hitler) every party but the Social Democrats voted for the bill to be passed. This proved to be a significant move on the road towards Hitler's sole dictatorship.