The Mean = Σfx = 5.1
Σf
What Does ‘The Daily Mirror’ Show?
After studying the three different sections within this Green Issue article, it shows that there’s a high dispersion of results. The average word length ranges between 4.7 and 5.2. As you can see there’s not a major difference between these two numbers. In fact, if you round the numbers up, they’re all equivalent to 5. Therefore, the average word length for ‘The Daily Mirror’ is 5.
Below are three tables representing each section within the Green Issue article, featuring in ‘The Daily Mail.’ The table beneath shows the first section I’ve selected from ‘The Daily ‘Mail.’
To make certain the results above were correct, I went through again and counted each individual letter by hand and was amazed when I found that there was exactly 276 letters with in this section.
The Mean = Σfx = 5.8
Σf
My next measure is to find the estimated ‘Mean’ number for the Length of Words. To do this, I simply need to divide the total number of letters (276) by the total from the frequency (48) and this gives me the ‘Mean,’ (average length of word) of 5.8. The Daily Mail’s average word length shows a direct increase. If you compare this average with those from ‘The Mirror’s’ you’ll see that this is yet the highest Mean number. This illustrates that the paper is becoming more sophisticated as there’s extra letters within this section and a bigger variety off word lengths. This is showing evidence, which supports my hypothesis.
The table beneath shows the second section I’ve selected from ‘The Daily ‘Mail.’
This section again shows an increase in letters. To make certain the results above were correct, I went through again and counted each individual letter by hand and was amazed when I found that there was exactly 297 letters with in this section.
My next measure is to find the approximate ‘Mean’ number for the Length of Words. To do this, I simply need to divided the total number of letters (297) by the total from the frequency (55) and this gives me the ‘Mean,’ (average) of 5.4.
The Mean = Σfx = 5.4
Σf
Below is a table representing the third section I’ve chosen from ‘The Daily ‘Mail’
This section again shows an increase in letters. To make certain the results above were correct, I went through again and counted each individual letter by hand and was amazed when I found that there was exactly 341 letters with in this section.
My next measure is to find the estimated ‘Mean’ number for the Length of Words. To do this, I simply need to divide the total number of letters (341) by the total from the frequency (72) and this gives me the ‘Mean,’ (average) of 4.7.
The Mean = Σfx = 4.7
Σf
What Does ‘The Daily Mail’ Show?
After studying the three different sections within this Green Issue article, it shows that there’s a high dispersion of results away from the mean. The average word length ranges between 4.7 and 5.8. As you can see there’s quite a major difference between these two numbers. In fact, if you round the numbers up, one is equivalent to 5 and the other is 6. Therefore, the average word length for ‘The Daily Mail’ is approximately 5.5.Actually, there’s not a lot of difference between ‘The Mirror’s’ word lengths and ‘The Daily Mail’s’. This then confirm that both papers are basically at the same standard (tabloid.) ‘The Daily Mail’ however, does have the potential of being a broadsheet newspaper.
I’m now going to examine three different sections within ‘The Times’ and hopefully this will prove my hypothesis.
Below is a table representing the first section I’ve chosen from ‘The Times,’ (within the Green Issue article.)
To make certain the results above were correct, I went through again and counted each individual letter by hand and was amazed when I found that there was exactly 255 letters within this section.
My next measure is to find the approximate ‘Mean’ number for the Length of Words. To do this, I simply need to divide the total number of letters (255) by the total from the frequency (54) and this gives me the ‘Mean,’ (average word length) of 4.7.
By looking over the results so far it seems that ‘The Daily Mail’ has the same if not more letters than ‘The Times.’ You can definitely see why ‘The Daily Mail’ is known to be a Middle-Classed paper. This is because results are showing that not only can it be of a Tabloid standard but it also has the potential of being a broadsheet paper.
The Mean = Σfx = 4.7
Σf
Below is a table representing the second section I’ve chosen from ‘The Times’
To make certain the results above were correct, I went through again and counted each individual letter by hand and was amazed when I found that there was exactly 276 letters within this section.
My next measure is to find the estimated ‘Mean’ number for the Length of Words. To do this, I simply needed to divide the total number of letters (276) by the total from the frequency (58) and this gives me the ‘Mean,’ (average word length) of 4.8.
The Mean = Σfx = 4.8
Σf
Below is a table representing the third section I’ve chosen from ‘The Times’
To make certain the results above were correct, I went through again and counted each individual letter by hand and was amazed when I found that there was exactly 376 letters within this section.
My next measure is to find the approximate ‘Mean’ number for the Length of Words. To do this, I simply need to divide the total number of letters (376) by the total from the frequency (78) and this gives me the ‘Mean,’ (average word length) of 4.8.
The Mean = Σfx = 4.8
Σf
Conclusion
After studying the final sections within this Green Issue article, it shows that there’s a tight distribution of results. The average word length ranges between 4.7 and 4.8. As you can see there’s not a major difference between these two numbers. In fact, if you round the numbers up, they’re all equivalent to 5. Therefore, the average word length for ‘The Times is 5, just like ‘The Mirror’s.’ Actually, if you compare each newspaper, you’ll see that there’s not a lot of difference between their word lengths. Even though the language does seem to be more sophisticated within ‘The Times,’ the results are showing relatively the same thing. This is confirming that all papers are basically at the same standard.
To make the data presentable, I’ve produced three different pie charts to show the total number of letters from each of the given sections.
The First Section.
What Does This Chart Show?
From the above chart, we can see that ‘The Daily Mail’ holds the largest segment on the pie (35%.) This confirms that ‘The Daily Mail’ has the greatest number of letters within this first section. So far, this is proving my hypothesis to be slightly wrong. This is because I thought ‘The Times’ newspaper would contain more letters within all sections as I believed that the writing style is supposed to be more mature and sophisticated. Therefore, equal longer word lengths. However, ‘The Daily Mirror’ is shown to be the paper with the least amount of letters. This is what I predicted would happen while thinking of my hypothesis.
The Second Section.
What Does This Chart Show?
From the above chart, we can see that ‘The Daily Mail’ again holds the largest segment on the pie (35%.) This confirms that ‘The Daily Mail’ has the largest number of letters within this second section. Yet again, this is proving my hypothesis to be wrong. This is because I thought ‘The Times’ newspaper would contain more letters within all sections as I believed that the writing style is supposed to be more sophisticated and mature. However, ‘The Daily Mirror’ is shown to be the paper again with the least amount of letters. This is what I predicted would happen when thinking of my hypothesis.
The Third and Final Section
Conclusion
From the above chart, we can see a huge transformation. This time, the ‘The Daily Mail’ holds the smallest segment of the doughnut. This confirms that ‘The Daily Mail’ has the least amount of letters within this third section. Yet again, this is proving my hypothesis to be wrong. This is because now, ‘The Daily Mirror’s’ section contains more letters than ‘The Daily Mail’s.’ I didn’t exactly think this would happen when thinking of my hypothesis because I thought ‘The Daily Mirror’ was of a tabloid standard, so uses a less sophisticated language, (meaning shorter word lengths.) I think the reason why ‘The Daily Mail’ and ‘The Daily Mirror’ have so many letters is because even though they have shorter word lengths, they can fit extra smaller words into one section. In this third section, it’s showing that ‘The Times’ is currently the paper, which holds the biggest slice of the doughnut. I thought this would happen when thinking of my hypothesis because ‘The Times’ is said to have a more sophisticated and mature writing style. However, the results have only just shown this occurrence.
My hypothesis hasn’t been completely failed but it has shown to be wrong in different situations. The papers have shown a variety of results and my final conclusion regarding the word length is that they all contain approximately the same amount of letters throughout the whole Green Issue articles.
The second part of my hypothesis included the use of pictures. I stated that the more sophisticated the paper (i.e. ‘The Times’) the less proportionality of the page will be contained by pictures. I’m now going to try and prove my theory by investigating the size of pictures using only the sport pages on each paper.
- To find the percentage of the picture I need to use the following formulae:
Area of Picture
X 100
Area of Article
- I need to find the percentage of the headline by using the following formulae:
Area of Headline
X 100
Area of Article
- Then I need to find the area remaining of the article by using the following formulae:
100 - Percentage of Picture - Percentage of Headline = The Remaining on Article
What Will This Show?
This final number will indicate how much space is left after the percentage of pictures and headlines have been taken away from the article. The results should show that the less mature the paper, the less space, which should be remaining. However, the more sophisticated the paper, the more space which should be left.
‘The Daily Mirror’
I’m going to start by looking at ‘The Daily Mirror’s’ sport page. Here I’m going to measure the proportionality of the page contained by pictures and headlines. Next, using the formulae shown on the previous side I’m going to find the percentage of the page remaining after the pictures and headings have been removed. Hopefully, results will show that when pictures and headlines have been removed from this article, there won’t be much space remaining for text. This is because ‘The Daily Mirror’ is a Tabloid Newspaper and these tend to concentrate more on the pictures rather than the content.
Perimeter of Article: 35cm + 19cm + 35cm + 19cm = 108cm
Area of Article: 35cm x 19cm = 665cm
Perimeter of Picture: 21cm + 13.5cm + 21cm + 13.5cm = 69cm
Area of Picture: 21cm x 13.5cm = 283.5cm
Area of Picture = 283.5
X 100 = 42.63… (Equivalent To 42%)
Area of Article = 665
Perimeter of Heading: 19cm + 8.3cm + 19cm + 8.3cm = 54.6cm
Area of Heading: 19cm x 8.3cm = 157.7cm
Area of Heading = 157.7
X 100 = 23.71… (Equivalent To 23%)
Area of Article = 665
42% + 23% = 65% 65% of page covered by Pictures and Headlines.
Area of Page Remaining: 655-283.5-157.7 = 223.8
Area of Page Remaining = 223.8
X 100 = 33.65… (Equivalent To 33%)
Area of Article = 665
42% + 23% + 33% = 98% 98%.This number should equal to 100%. However, it’s just 2% below it meaning that I’ve obviously made a mistake when measuring either; the pictures, the headlines or even the article itself.
‘The Daily Mail’
Now I’m going to look at ‘The Daily Mail’s’ sport page. Here I’m going to measure the proportionality of the page contained by pictures and headlines. Next, using the formulae shown on the previous side I’m going to find the percentage of the page remaining after the pictures and headings have been removed. Hopefully, results will show that when pictures and headlines have been removed from this article, there’ll be a reasonable amount of space remaining for the text. This is because ‘The Daily Mail’ is categorized as being a Middle-Classed Newspaper. These tend to have pictures representing the article but also containing some detailed explanations, meaning more text.
Perimeter of Article: 23.2cm + 29.5cm + 23.2cm + 29.5cm = 105.4 cm
Area of Article: 23.2cm x 29.5cm = 684.4cm
Perimeter of Picture: 11cm + 17.8cm + 11cm + 17.8cm = 57.6cm
Area of Picture: 11cm x 17.8cm = 195.8
Area of Picture = 195.8
X 100 = 28.61… (Equivalent To 28%)
Area of Article = 684.4
Perimeter of Heading: 12cm + 12cm + 12cm + 12cm = 48cm
Area of Heading: 12cm x 12cm = 144cm
Area of Heading = 144
X 100 = 21.04… (Equivalent To 21%)
Area of Article = 684.4
28% + 21% = 49% 49% of page covered by Pictures and Headlines.
Area of Page Remaining: 684.4-195.8-144 = 344.6cm
Area of Page Remaining = 344.6
X 100 = 50.35… (Equivalent To 50%)
Area of Article = 684.4
28% + 21% + 50% = 99% 99%.This number should equal to 100%. However, it’s just 1% below, meaning that I’ve obviously made a mistake when measuring either; the pictures, the headlines or even the article itself.
What Do These Results Show?
If you compare these results with ‘The Daily Mirror’s’ then you’ll see that this paper has a less proportionality of its article surrounded with pictures and headlines. Therefore there’s more space to include extra bits of text which suggests that the paper is becoming slightly more mature.
‘The Times’
To finish, I’m going to look at ‘The Times’ sport page. Here I’m going to measure the proportionality of the page contained by pictures and headlines. Next, using the formulae shown on the previous side I’m going to find the percentage of the page remaining after the pictures and headings have been removed. Hopefully, results will show that when pictures and headlines have been removed from this article, there’ll be a large amount of space remaining for the text. This is because ‘The Times’ is classified as being a Broadsheet Newspaper. These tend to concentrate more on the content and the language of the paper rather that the pictures representing the article.
Perimeter of Article: 31cm + 23.5cm + 31cm + 23.5cm = 109cm
Area of Article: 31cm x 23.5cm = 728.5cm
Perimeter of Picture: 16.7cm + 17cm + 16.7cm + 17cm = 67.4cm
Area of Picture: 17cm x 16.7cm = 283.9cm
Area of Picture = 283.9
X 100 = 38.97… (Equivalent To 39%)
Area of Article = 728.5
Perimeter of Heading: 13.5cm + 5.2cm + 13.5cm + 5.2cm = 37.4cm
Area of Heading: 13.5cm x 5.2cm = 70.2cm
Area of Heading = 70.2
X 100 = 9.63… (Equivalent To 9%)
Area of Article = 728.5
39% + 9% = 48% 48% of page covered by Pictures and Headlines.
Area of Page Remaining: 728.5-283.9-70.2 = 374.4cm
Area of Page Remaining = 374.4
X 100 = 51.39… (Equivalent To 51%)
Area of Article = 728.5
39% + 9% + 51% = 99% 99%.This number should equal to 100%. However, it’s just 1% below it meaning that I’ve obviously made a mistake when measuring either; the pictures, the headlines or even the article itself.
What Do These Results Show?
If you compare these results with ‘The Daily Mirror’s’ and ‘The Daily Mail’s’ then you’ll see that this paper has an even less proportionality of its article contained by pictures and headlines. Therefore there’s masses of space to include extra paragraphs of text which suggests that the paper is written more in depth so doesn’t need as much space to cover with pictures.
Hypothesis- Proven of Disproved
50% of my hypothesis has been correct. I stated that the more sophisticated the paper, the less proportionality of the page will be contained by pictures. This was proved in the results above. ‘The Daily Mirror’ (a tabloid paper) had the majority of its page contained with pictures, which left little room for text. ‘The Daily Mail’ however, had just as much text (50%) as it did pictures and headline, (49%) This suggests why it is categorized as being a Middle-Classed paper. ‘The Times’ revealed to have the least proportionality of its page surrounded with pictures. This paper concentrated more upon the content rather than making it look attractive. (This is exactly what I thought would happen.) As for word length though, each paper seemed to have relatively the same amount of letters within each section, which I selected.
What I Have Done During This Investigation.
Throughout this investigation, I’ve been incredibly busy - I just haven’t stopped. I’ve been designing tables, working out areas of different sized cubes, designing charts, producing diagrams and so much more. I’m not complaining it’s been pretty enjoyable but not to mention stressful. I have also learnt a few new tricks while completing this coursework, (including the specific mathematical terminology, i.e. vertices.) Anyway, what I did and how I did it is summed up below:
- The first thing I had to do was to summaries the task with a basic understanding of what I was exactly being asked to do. This was to ensure I stayed on the right tracks instead of completing a coursework that had nothing to do with the question.
- Then I carefully planned the investigation so I knew precisely what to do and when it was appropriate. I found this the hardest section of the coursework but once completed, it was straightforward of what I was about to accomplish.
- When I was organized, it was time to conjure a correct hypothesis, which I felt I was going to prove during this investigation.
- Next, I simply demonstrated and described how I was going to show the data. This is so the reader was familiar with the tables and understood exactly what they were showing.
- Then, I simply predicted what the results would show. This was to gather a basic understanding of what I was to be looking for, which evidently made the task slightly easier.
- Here, I created diagrams to represent each of the different sized cubes. This was to help me see exactly what I was working with and allowed me to gain specific results by observing them carefully.
- Next, I designed and created an overall results table summarizing what I distinctly found from observing each of the different sized cubes.
- To present my data coherently and understandably, I thought it was best to produce pie charts to display the information. I finally, decided to create a pie chart showing the total area of each of the different sized cubes.
- It was then time to observe the different number patterns occurring from the tables and charts. This was essential as it helped to discover the final mathematical expressions to complete this coursework.
- Here I answered the provided question to what the coursework was regarding, (i.e. the number of 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 etc… black faces revealing when the 17 x 17 x 17 cube is broken down into smaller cubes.)
- Finally, I described and explained (by using my graphs and charts) my thoughts to whether I had yet proven or disproved my hypothesis.
What Have I Learnt From This Investigation?
During this investigation, I’ve basically covered a lot of things I already know. However there are two topics which I wasn’t too familiar with but I now know extremely well. These include:
- How to deal with large numbers. - I usually find large numbers extremely difficult to deal with, especially when you have to either cube or square them as well. However, I now feel proud of completing this coursework, knowing I’ve finished something I usually struggle with. It just shows that if you practice it, it becomes perfect.
- Finding specific patterns. – This may seem a little silly but I’ve never been to keen on patterns. However, during this piece of coursework I had a go at tackling them and I’m glad I did. By looking thoroughly at tables, charts and graphs I created, it helped be to find the mathematical expressions to find the overall answer to the provided question.
Things I Would Change If I Had A Second Chance.
I’d like to think that this piece of coursework has been pretty good if not successful. Sadly, after putting my up most effort into it, there are still two issues I would change. These include:
- I think during this investigation, I’ve blabbed on a bit too much. Next time, I’ll use precise words and straight to the point sentences. (This will hopefully save a bit of paper and time.)
- Talking of time, I’d work consistently on the coursework instead of leaving it to the last few days, which slightly added the pressure.
I’ve extremely enjoyed this investigation and I’m certain it has been a beneficial task!