Long Term Adaptations to Training

Long Term Adaptations to Training In This assignment I will select an endurance type sport and identify and critically analyse the long-term adaptations to the body for an athlete training for this sport. The endurance type sport I have decided to identify, explain and critically analyse is 1500m Swimming. Task 1 Cardiovascular Adaptations To aerobic training The main adaptations that occur to the cardiovascular system through 1500m swimming are that you have a greater stroke volume (pumps more blood), a greater cardiac output that is the quantity of blood ejected by the left ventricle each minute. It is expressed in litres per minute and is calculated by multiplying the stroke volume (volume ejected per contraction) by the number of heart-beats (ventricular contractions) per minute. As the stroke volume is increased; the heart no longer needs to beat as often to get the same amount of blood around the body. The chambers in your heart also get bigger, this is due to the more exercise you do, the faster your heart pumps, which in turn pumps the blood round your body a lot quicker than normal, this also makes the 4 chambers in your body increase. All this exercise gives you bigger muscles this is called muscle hypertrophy. 1500m swimmers capillaries become bigger, allowing more oxygen to travel through them, and new ones develop which aids in the extraction of oxygen.

  • Word count: 1434
  • Level: GCSE
  • Subject: Physical Education (Sport & Coaching)
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Personal Excercise Programme (PEP)

P.E.P. Introduction My aim for the next six weeks is to improve my general fitness. I will aim to complete one session within 10 minutes and by the end of the six weeks, I hope to have increased my fitness and be able to see a good result from the data. To achieve this I will be doing circuit training to build up my muscles and to work on my cardiovascular fitness using the FITT and SPORT principles. I will have to complete the circuit three times, without resting, which will count as one session. I will do one session every week, and record my results in a table. I will need to record the time I complete each session in, and also my Resting Pulse before I begin the session and my Pulse every 2 minutes after each session to record the Recovery Rate. The stations in my circuit will be; shuttle runs, sit-ups, step-ups, press-ups, skipping, and burpees, in that order. Fitness Tests Before the circuit training, 5 fitness tests were carried out. These were the NCF Abdominal Curl Conditioning Test, the NCF Multistage Fitness Test, the Cooper 12 Minute Run, the Harvard Step Test, and the Illinois Agility Run. The NCF Abdominal Curl Conditioning Test is to monitor the tone and condition of you abdominal muscles. It is carried out instructions on a tape where the athlete is to perform as many sit-ups as possible in time to the beeps for as long as possible. The NCF Multistage

  • Word count: 2490
  • Level: GCSE
  • Subject: Physical Education (Sport & Coaching)
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What is circuit training?

What is circuit training? Circuit training is a method of training. A circuit usually has 8 to 15 stations, where at each station a different exercise is carried out for a certain amount of time. Circuit training can improve muscular endurance, cardiovascular endurance, aerobic fitness, muscular strength, speed and agility. A circuit-training program may also be designed for a certain sport. Circuits for this purpose will include exercises to improve all the muscles and skills associated with the sport. Example: A circuit training program for basketball should include skills like jumping, catching or throwing. Specificity My circuit-training program is for football and it is based over a six-week period. The 10 stations are specifically suited to what is needed to play football. The Circuit is specified for an outfield player as there are no goalkeeping skills involved in this circuit. My circuit is aimed to improve the following over a six-week period: muscular endurance, muscular strength, speed, agility, cardiovascular endurance, and ball skills. These are all needed for an outfield football player. For example: · Muscular Endurance - To keep the muscles contracting for the full length of the match without them becoming tired or weak. · Muscular Strength - the force your muscles exert when they contract. This is an important part of football as it

  • Word count: 2126
  • Level: GCSE
  • Subject: Physical Education (Sport & Coaching)
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Pdhpe revision Notes

PDHPE NOTES Reaching Out Cardiovascular Endurance: The ability of the heart, lung, and circulatory system to supply oxygen to the working muscles. Test = Beep Test Strength: The ability of a muscle to generate force against a resistence. Test = Seated Basketball Throw Flexibility: The range of movement of a joint or group of joints. Test = Sit and Reach Muscular Endurance: The ability of a muscle to repeat muscle contractions against a resistence. Test = Sit Ups Body Composition: The Body's fat percentage. Test = BMI, Body Mass Index Power: The quick performance of a muscle against resistence. Test = Medicine Ball Throw Balance: The ability to maintain the body in equilibrium. Test = Stork Stand Agility: The ability to change direction quickly and control whole body movements. Test = 5 Metres Test Speed: The ability to perform a movement quickly. Test = 40 Metres Sprint Co-ordination: The use of two or more parts of the body in a controlled way. Test = Flick Stick Test Reaction Time: The movement response time to a certain stimulus. Test = Ruler Drop Measurement of physical Fitness allows us to: * Motivate * Identify Talent * Plan Specific Programs * Monitor Training Progress * Assess throughout injury rehabilitation * Establish individual and group fitness levels Good Mental Health is important in helping us to function appropriately and

  • Word count: 1736
  • Level: GCSE
  • Subject: Physical Education (Sport & Coaching)
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PEP (Personal Exercise Plan) for Rugby.

PEP FOR RUGBY BY LEE SHAW PERSONAL DETAILS NAMES: LEE SHAW D.O.B: 26/12/87 SEX: MALE HEIGHT:184CM WEIGHT:168lbs HOBBIES: COMPUTERS, SNOOKER, SWIMMING AND FOOTBALL WHAT AM I TRYING TO DO? I AM TRYING TO RISE MY CARDIOVASCULAR FITNESS. YOUR CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM IS THE AMOUNT OF OXYGEN THE BODY PUMPS AROUND THE BODY AND THIS INVOLVES YOUR HEART, YOUR BLOOD AND BLOOD VESSELS. THIS SYSTEM IS LIKE THE DELIVERY SYSTEM OF YOUR BODY AND YOUR FITNESS DEPENDS ON HOW GOOD THIS SYSTEM IS. WITH OUT A GOOD CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM YOU ARE MORE LIKE TO GET FATIGUE QUICKER AND YOUR CAN GET INJURED EASIER. THIS IS BECAUSE YOUR BODY ISN'T GETTING ENOUGH OXYGEN TO YOUR BODY CELL. THIS IS CALLED OXYGEN DEBT. THE REASON FOR TRAINING FIRSTLY I AM GOING TO TRAIN FOR 6 WEEKS. THIS IS TO IMPROVE MY FITNESS FOR THE SPORT I HAVE CHOOSE TO TRAIN FOR WHICH IS RUGBY. I AM TRAINING FIRSTLY BECAUSE I NEED TO FOR MY COURSEWORK AND ALSO BECAUSE I DON'T SEE MY SELF AS A FIT PERSON. THIS IS BECAUSE MOST OF THE TIME I AM SITTING BY THE SIDE OF MY PC MESSING ABOUT. BUT I HAVE WANTED TO DO SOMETHING LIKE THIS TO SEE HOW MY BODY COPES WITH THE PRESSURE OF TRAINING AND FOR THE FACT THAT I HAVE A LOT OF NATURE ABILITY IN A FEW SPORTS I AM HOPING THIS WILL HELP ME. METHODS I AM GOING TO USE I AM GOING TO USE THE METHODS BELOW: CIRCUIT TRAINING- THIS IS WHERE YOU HAVE DIFFERENT STATIONS TO WORK AT.

  • Word count: 1435
  • Level: GCSE
  • Subject: Physical Education (Sport & Coaching)
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Personal fitness profile.

AQA GCSE PE/Games Health-related Exercise/ Training Programme Candidate name: Candidate no: Centre number: Sport/Activity: Football (Games candidates must do a game activity). Training method: Circuit __________________________________________ For Teacher use only Teacher: Group:11 Planning (Max 20) Performing (Max 20) Monitoring (Max 10) Evaluating (Max 20) Diagram of circuit Planning Purpose/aim of the programme. Personal fitness profile. Explain how fit you think you are, and if you have any injuries or health problems. Outline how much physical activity you get in a typical week. State what targets you expect to achieve by the end of the 5 sessions in terms of aspects of fitness/skills you want to improve. 5 marks Awareness of safety aspects. Outline any potential risks with any apparatus/equipment. What factors will you need to consider when planning the order/types of exercises? Explain how and why you will prepare your body for exercise/and help it to recover afterwards. 5 marks Appropriateness of chosen exercises. Explain why you have chosen at least two of the exercises/ activities and how they will help you achieve your targets. 5 marks I have chosen many different exercises for my training sessions. I have chosen press-up because press up improves muscular endurance and strength, which are both essential

  • Word count: 1603
  • Level: GCSE
  • Subject: Physical Education (Sport & Coaching)
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Improve specific and current fitness levels required for my sporting activity football e.g. Cardio vascular

Timmy mowafi Personal exercise plan I am going to organise my plan and then perform a personal exercise program, the overall aims of my personal training programme are to: - . Improve specific and current fitness levels required for my sporting activity football e.g. Cardio vascular endurance but mainly speed. 2. To improve fitness levels so I can concentrate more on my techniques and skills without having to worry about whether I can endure a full practice session. 3. To improve the level of the standard of my performance and become more successful with my chosen sport 'football'. I will organise a set number of sessions over a period of time using the FITT principle (frequency, time, intensity and type) these will be spread out sufficiently so that I have enough recovery time between each training session. This will be about three times a week with two days rest periods in between. The standard of football I'm at is a very high standard with me training regularly about three times a week plus games on the weekends at semi-professional level. The individual differences of an athlete mean that the benefits of training are optimised when programmes are set to meet the needs and abilities of an individual (specificity) An aspect, which may help me to succeed, may not help another this always has to be taken into account when devising my fitness programme. Fitness

  • Word count: 4092
  • Level: GCSE
  • Subject: Physical Education (Sport & Coaching)
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Action plan to improve backstroke.

Section B: Action Plan Clear, realistic goals that are achievable I have identified my weaknesses and I have chosen 3 main goals that I need to clearly complete. A good way to plan and achieve these goals will be to use the acronym: SMARTER. * Specific - These goals need to be a particular aspect to my sport swimming. * Measurable - I need to know how I will measure my development during the programme. * Achievable - I would need to have a method to achieve the goals. * Realistic - The goals I choose need to be sensible, and not something like win an Olympic medal. * Timescale - I will choose to complete my programme over a sensible period of time 8weeks. * Evaluation - I will evaluate my programme at the end, to see how successful it went and if there were any problems. * Record - Throughout the programme I will write information to show of any improvements. Method of achieving goals My goals could be visualised as climbing a mountain, where my short-term goals are at the bottom and my long-term goals at the top. Short-term goal: My short-term goal is too improve upon my reaction time, specifically on my starts off the blocks and dives into the pool. This is an essential weakness in my performance, as in fitness testing a scored below average. A swimming start is vital because you have to respond to the stimulus quickly. In shorter races it can determine

  • Word count: 5288
  • Level: GCSE
  • Subject: Physical Education (Sport & Coaching)
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Planning your circuit.

Planning your circuit. The circuit training format utilizes a group of 6 to 10 strength exercises that are completed one exercise after another. Each exercise is performed for a specified number of repetitions or for a prescribed time period before moving on to the next exercise. The exercises within each circuit are separated by brief, timed rest intervals, and each circuit is separated by a longer rest period. The total number of circuits performed during a training session may vary from two to six depending on your training level (beginner, intermediate, or advanced), your period of training (preparation or competition) and your training objective. In each circuit try to ensure that no two consecutive exercises exercise the same muscle group. e.g. do not have press ups followed by pull ups or two arm or legs muscles groups together because then the muscles don't get time to recover. In order to be completely fit you should include some of the muscles groups like Arms, Leg, abdominal and lower beck in your circuit and switch muscles from station to station to avoid fatigue and to make it perfect and can be used one after another so the muscles can have time to recover and the strength around the joint is balanced. If a person want to improve a particular part of the muscles for example if he wish to develop on arm the he should set the circuit training on particular

  • Word count: 352
  • Level: GCSE
  • Subject: Physical Education (Sport & Coaching)
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Training program - Rugby.

ACTIVITY- I have decided to choose Rugby. In order to be a good rugby player you need to be of good standard in the following fitness components: * Power * Coordination * Aerobic Capacity * Muscular Strength * Speed * Reaction time * Flexibility ACTION FITNESS COMPONENT Capability Tackling Power, coordination, muscular strength Average Passing Power, coordination, muscular strength, reaction time Strong Kicking Power, coordination, flexibility Strong Running with the ball Power, coordination, speed Strong In order to perform my activity well I need to make sure that I have the right fitness requirements for the sport. Power- in order to be a good rugby player you must have a high standard of power. Power is a combination of speed and strength. It is required for most athletic events. In order to improve your power you should eat some fatty foods and foods high in protein. Also do weights on specific muscle groups. Coordination- coordination involves putting the relevant motor programs in the right order, and effectively using the neuromuscular system to produce smooth and efficient movement. This is a necessity when playing rugby, as you have to have good coordination in order to perform accurate passing and running with the ball. Muscular strength- muscular strength is the ability to be able to apply strength against a resistance.

  • Word count: 4223
  • Level: GCSE
  • Subject: Physical Education (Sport & Coaching)
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