Allah never favoured a nation or person because of their wealth, power, or race. He created human beings as equals who are to be distinguished from each other only on the basis of their virtue and piety.
The unique use of “Allah” as the personal name of God is a reflection of Islam's emphasis on the purity of the belief in God, which is the essence of the message of all God's messengers. Because of this, Islam considers any being attempting to be on the same level as God be a deadly sin that will never be forgiven and is considered shirk.
The Creator must be of a different from his creation because if he were the same it would mean that he is on our level and therefore also in need of a creator. But the Qur'an states that this is not the case. Therefore, if he is not us he must be eternal. And if he is eternal, he can't be the result of any cause. As nothing outside of him brought him into being or cause him to continue to exist, it means that he is self-sufficient and does not depend upon anything other than himself for his continued existence. This means that he is eternal and everlasting, a fact that is stated in the Qur'an: He is the first and the last.
The Creator does not create in the sense of bringing things into being alone he also preserves them and takes them out of existence and is the ultimate cause of whatever happens to them:
God is the Creator of everything. He is the guardian over everything. Unto Him belong the keys of the heavens and the earth. No creature is there crawling on the earth, but its provision rests on God. He knows its lodging place and its repository.
If the Creator is eternal and everlasting, then his characteristics must also be eternal and everlasting. He can't lose any of his characteristics or acquire new ones, for example evil.
In order to be a Muslim, to submit to God, it is necessary to believe in the oneness of God and that He is the only creator, preserver, sustainer, and so on of all of creation. You must acknowledge the fact that only God deserves to be worshipped, a belief that results in the individual refusing to worship any other thing or bring.
- Al Quadir involves the notion that God has allowed humans freewill and it is us who determine our place in heaven and hell. However, the argument follows that God has a divine plan for the universe yet we are still allowed freedom.
One of the main concepts in Quran and Islam is the concept of determinism, Al Qad’ir which is divine plan ultimately saying God knows our every move. According to Islam, believing in Allah is the sole purpose of a human’s life in this world.
Upon this idea, it depends on what we do for our chance to enter the paradise. Failing to pray to Allah would bring eternal damnation and the hellfire. This is very important to God. He does not like to be ignored and has no mercy on those who do so. The problem is that being able to pass this test of faith and gaining the admittance to paradise is not in Muslims hands. It is again God who chooses those whom he pleases to guide and to lead astray those whom he wants.
The first question that comes to mind is why? Why should a loving God cause some people to be dammed to hell those he purposefully guided to do so. This defies any logic.
In response Muslims say that we have free will to accept God or reject him. But this is not what the Quran says. As it explains, if Allah wanted to guide people, he certainly could have done it. Yet he decided not to guide some and then fill the Hell with all those who he did not guide. This tells that human beings have no say in being guided at all. It all depends on God’s pleasure or hate. Some verses in Quran indicate that even if one wants to be guided he cannot because God has sealed his heart. It even goes as far as saying some creatures instead of giving them insight makes them blind and deaf, how cant his be a loving, just God. This behaviour is not befitting of the creator of this universe. Even if these people who he choose to mislead have done something wrong why should God punish them in such a harsh manner.
Islam gives the idea that people have free will to choose between taking the path or not. But immediately that is contradicted as it says that Allah “will admit to his mercy whom he wills. Obviously either they choose to be guided or Allah but not both. The next question is how can Allah punish people with a “grievous penalty” if he has chosen not to guide them.
On one hand the bulk of the Muslims adhered to the concept of predetermination. The more radical of ones were the Asharian who denied all free agency in man. Arguing: “Nothing can happen in the world, whether it respects the conditions and operation of things, or good or evil, or obedience and disobedience, or faith and infidelity ... that is not contained in the written tablet of the decree of Allah” Most modern Muslims tend to side with the free will of man but their opinion is drastically in contrast with many verses of Quran that alarmingly maintain that Allah’s decision are completely his choice.
One may argue that since God is the owner of this universe, he can do whatever he wants with it without having to respond to any body else, just as a house owner can do anything with his house. Since he is the owner of his property his decisions are the final decisions and his will is the law. He is free to do whatever he wishes but if he is wise he follows the norms of logic and therefore his actions are predictable.
Of course, God can do whatever he pleases; He is not bound by any law But what about common sense shouldn’t God be reasonable? Shouldn’t his actions make sense? Why should a just God throw into hell a person who has committed no crime and reward one who has done no good? This goes against any sense of justice, in today’s world. In conclusion, I cannot see a way through this contradiction and therefore our responsibility in determining our afterlife is minimal at best.