Galileo Galilei was a astronomer, philosopher, and physicist who is closely associated with the scientific revolution

In 1610 he was one of the first people to use the telescope to observe the sky. In Galileo’s time, scientific experiments were performed on casual viewings and perceptions. Galileo was the first scientist to base physics around mathematics, and to perform ‘fair’ experiments where only one variable is changed. Thus, he made several important discoveries, particularly such things as; there were 4 moons of Jupitar, rings on Satarn, phases of Venus, and that the moon had very similar charastics as earth did (mountains, crauters…ect).

In April 1611, Jusuit Varified Galileo’s oberservations but their interpertations were a little different, and they begian looking at his writtings closer. Even though Galileos beliefs were held in practicing Catholicsim, his writings were showing evidence for “Copernican heliocentrism.” The Catholic Church, however, disapproved of heliocentricity, feeling that it was contrary to the statements in the Bible: if God created human beings as His supreme creation, He would place man at the center of His cosmos. (At that time the more literal Biblical interpretation was prevalent with the church fathers, especially among the Dominican Order, facilitators of the Inquisition)2

However, real power layed with the Church, and Galileo's arguments were most fiercely fought on the religious level. Cardinal Robert Bellarmine insisted that Galileo furnish more adequate proof of his new theories before he would be allowed to teach them as true or even as probably true. Until the proof was put together, the ideas should only be taught as hypothesis.
        In 1623 Pope Gregory XV died, and Galileo's close friend Maffeo Barberini became Pope Urban VIII. The new Pope gave Galileo vague permission to ignore the ban and write a book about his opinions, so long as he did not openly support his theory. Galileo consented, and set to work writing his masterpiece, “Dialogue Concerning the Two Chief World Systems.” Galileo gave more emphasis to mathematical arguments rather than to experimental or physical arguments in his book. And although Galileo tried to obey the Pope's wishes in his wording of the Dialogue, when the book finally appeared in 1632, it raised an immediate protest leading immediately to the arrest of Galileo and a trial by the Inquisition. The inquisitions found Galileo guilty of publishing a “heretical book” and insisted that he denounce his theories and confess his "crimes" before
the church. Although he was lead to believe that this act would cause the Inquisition to be lenient (and would keep them from torturing him to death), Galileo was still sentenced to life imprisonment at his villa in Arcetri.

         I think now, a similar trial wouldn’t happen in present day. What was happening in The Trial of Galileo was due to the confrontation between religion and science; In the 1600s the religious sector ruled the country, what went agent them, lost. Now, we have a great separation of church and state, but people are also more open to their options. If Galileo wrote this book now, it would be more accepted, because there isn’t just “one way of thinking.”