To what extent was America a land of widespread intolerance beneath the veneer of the roaring twenties?
DAVID HADDAD HISTORY COURSE WORK PART B
To what extent was America a land of widespread intolerance beneath the veneer of the roaring twenties?
The 1920’s was a time of prosperity, as a result of this the feeling in America was one of joy and as a result of which the 1920’s was nicknamed the ‘roaring twenties’.
America was a land of intolerance and racism. Immigrants were targeted by Americans for abuse. From 1901 to 1910, there were over eight and half million immigrants in America. These were mainly Jews from Eastern Europe and Russians escaping prosecution. There were also Italians and Irish fleeing poverty. With the immigrants came competition for jobs and housing. Hostilities between different immigrants began to appear in America.
The red scare (Communism) was a sourse of hostility towards Russian immigrants. Americans feared that Russian immigrants would bring communism to America, the very thing they had fled from. In 1917 immigrants went on strike after race riots in twenty five towns. The strikes were instigated as a result of low pay and bad working conditions. Anarchists sent off bombs in 1919. J Edgar Hoover had compiled a list of sixty thousand suspects. In 1920 ten thousand people were deported out of the U.S.A. The majority of these people were of minority groups, such as black people, Jews and Catholics. In 1929 immigration fell to 150 thousand per year. By the 1920’s the Ku Klux Klan were a powerful political force in America. They formed in the 1850’s this was part of a growing hostility towards blacks in America. At this time the Clue Klux Clan did decline but started up again in 1915. They held a lot of support in the south. Black people were not just targeted by white Americans but by immigrants as well. Black people were isolated and formed communities known as ‘ghettos’ in America. However, things started to improve in 1924 when black people started to become better educated and by the end of the First World War the government realised the twelve thousand Americans had served in the armed forces and decided to give them the vote white attitudes changed towards native Americans where changing. In 1928 the Merriam report proposed improvements in laws consigning Native Americans the laws where passed in 1934.