C4H10+13O2 8CO2 + 10H2O
C4H8+6O2 4CO2 + 4H2O
Both of these reactions are very exothermic in nature. Inducing Fluorine in excess into a container of Butene will precipitate a addition reaction when the double bond between Carbons 1 and 2 is broken and attached to Carbons 1 and Two is Fluorine, creating CH2FCHFCH2CH3 or 1,2-diflurobutane
Whereas the induction of a halogen in excess into a container of Butane will result in a substitution reaction where the electronegativity of the Fluorine causes one of the hydrogens to detach from the parent molecule and attach to the sister Fluorine resulting in Hydrogen Fluoride and CH2FCH2CH2CH3 or 1-flurobutane.
The difference is in the fact that the halogen breaks the double bond- as it is easier for a double bond to be broken between two carbons than a single bond between a carbon and a hydrogen. Hence, the Fluorine replaces the double bond location on both carbons. So while we only observe a slight change in the structure of these molecules, we can observe some significant differences between them, most notably in their reactions with halogen molecules.
While Butene and butane have similar physical properties, there is some variation. For instance at Standard temperature and pressure both of these compounds can be found in a gaseous phase. They are both colourless; however all isomers of Butene have a distinct smell, as opposed to Butanes being odourless. All isomers of Butane and Butene should be considered very flammable according to the reaction discussed earlier. Butenes tend also to have both a lower melting and a lower boiling point than Butane does, and both are considered insoluble by data sheet specifications.
Butenes, in-particular cis-2-butene and trans-2-butene, due to their flammable nature are used in the production of fuels. Butane however is used in Liquefied petroleum gas, and lighters as fuel. Another isomer of Butane, ‘isobutane’ or 2-methylpropane is commonly used as a cold refrigerant and should be avoided for use in hot applications such as cars.
While we note many similarities between butane and butene we can also note many differences, such as their different reactions with halogens, and butene’s noticeable smell. These different properties, as demonstrated are enough to make butane and butene make them useful for different things.