of oxygen.
2) Experiment 2
i) Independent : The availability of oxygen
ii) Dependent : The development of the seed
iii) Constant : Volume of water, temperature, number of seeds and type of plant
3) Experiment 3
i) Independent : Temperature
ii) Dependent : The development of the seed
iii) Constant : Availability of oxygen, Volume of water, Number of seeds and
type of plant
Results
Data collection
Table 1: Development of seeds under different amount of water
Table 2: Development of seeds under different availability of oxygen.
Table 3: The development of maize grains in different temperature
Discussions
Germination can be defined as the onset of growth of the embryo, usually after a period of dormancy. This process is regulated by both internal and environmental factors. There are three main factors that affects germination; water, oxygen and suitable temperature.
In experiment 1, the soaked peas in cotton and covered with water are the only seeds that germinate properly. The condition of the availability of water is fulfilled. This is because in the soaked peas in cotton and covered with water, the seeds are able to absorb a large amount of water to allow the start of metabolic processes. The absorption of water stimulates the production of amylase to break down starch to maltose which then provides energy for germination and growth to occur.
In experiment 2, the cress seed with oxygen are the ones that germinate. Oxygen is needed for aerobic respiration. Although seeds can respire anaerobically, but ethanol produced usually reaches toxic level. The production thus inhibits the germination process. Thus, oxygen is needed to allow germination to occur.
In experiment 3, the seeds in the most suitable temperature of 30°C are the ones that germinate the fastest with significant radical plumule. Germination involves many enzymatic and hormone reaction such as the breaking down of starch to maltose by amylase and the gybrellic acid action. As usual, at optimum temperature of 30°C, the enzyme and hormone work at its maximum and thus makes germination can occur. This proved that suitable temperature is needed for germination.
Limitations and recommendations
Conclusion.
Germination requires suitable temperature, water and oxygen to occur. This is because these three factors are needed to recoil the seed to its previous from the dormant state.
Hypothesis accepted.