Effect of concentration on the rate of reaction between Sodium Thiosulphate and Hydrochloric acid
Aim:
The aim of the experiment is to find out if the concentration of Hydrochloric acid effects the rate of reaction between sodium thiosulphate and hydrochloric acid.
Equation:
Na2 S2 O3(aq) + 2HCL(aq) H2O(1) + SO2(g) + S(s) + 2NaCL(aq)
Sodium thiosulphate + Hydrochloric acid Water + Sulphur dioxide + Sulphur + Sodium Chloride
Preliminary work:
The main aim of this experiment is to find out about concentration. This means that I will require having knowledge on the subject. Concentration is the number of molecules of a certain substance in a solution with other substance. An easy way of explaining this is with Ribena drink. When you first pour the ribena into a glass the ribena is 100% concentrated. After that you then add water, the water dilutes the ribena and alters the concentration of it. This means that the drink has been diluted and is not so concentrated. The diagram below illustrates this (diagram 1).
Diagram 1:
Each of the circles represents a molecule of either ribena or water, purple for ribena and blue for water. When the two are mixed together you are left with a solution. The solution is made up of a number of both molecules.
This is very similar to the reaction between sodium thiosulphate and hydrochloric acid, which produces a solution.
A reaction is where two particles that are capable of reacting collide with each other, the reaction will only be successful if the collision has enough energy. If there is enough energy then the two atoms will combine to produce an entirely new substance. The number of successful reactions is dependable on many factors; these factors can also effect the speed of the reaction. The factors can be as simple as the temperature of the atoms, the higher the temperature is the more energy the atoms carry and thus more collisions are successful this in turn speeds up the reaction rate. You can add a catalyst to the reaction, which will speed it up. This type of reaction is called ionic bonding; ionic bonding is where electrons are transferred in the reaction between metals and non-metals, one atom loses electrons, which the other gains. This type of bonding produces giant lattices made of ions. Examples of these are magnesium oxide (MgO) and sodium chloride (NaCL). These substances have high melting and boiling points, only conduct electricity in a liquid state and are very strong. Another way is to increase the concentration of reactants. Concentration is the number of molecules present in a substance, therefore it is known as molecular concentration. The molecular concentration is the number of molecules of a particular substance per unit of volume. Due to the enormous number of molecules in a litre or other such volumes it is refereed to as a mole. A mole is the gram-molecular weight of a substance and also the number of molecules contained in a substance. An amount of any substance containing 6*1023 is called a mole. This means that one mole of water contains 6*1023 molecules of water. The number of moles in a substance is the weight of the substance divided by its molecular weight. The mass of a singular mole is called molecular mass. The molecular mass is the same as the relative atomic mass of the element or the same as the formula of a compound.
Aim:
The aim of the experiment is to find out if the concentration of Hydrochloric acid effects the rate of reaction between sodium thiosulphate and hydrochloric acid.
Equation:
Na2 S2 O3(aq) + 2HCL(aq) H2O(1) + SO2(g) + S(s) + 2NaCL(aq)
Sodium thiosulphate + Hydrochloric acid Water + Sulphur dioxide + Sulphur + Sodium Chloride
Preliminary work:
The main aim of this experiment is to find out about concentration. This means that I will require having knowledge on the subject. Concentration is the number of molecules of a certain substance in a solution with other substance. An easy way of explaining this is with Ribena drink. When you first pour the ribena into a glass the ribena is 100% concentrated. After that you then add water, the water dilutes the ribena and alters the concentration of it. This means that the drink has been diluted and is not so concentrated. The diagram below illustrates this (diagram 1).
Diagram 1:
Each of the circles represents a molecule of either ribena or water, purple for ribena and blue for water. When the two are mixed together you are left with a solution. The solution is made up of a number of both molecules.
This is very similar to the reaction between sodium thiosulphate and hydrochloric acid, which produces a solution.
A reaction is where two particles that are capable of reacting collide with each other, the reaction will only be successful if the collision has enough energy. If there is enough energy then the two atoms will combine to produce an entirely new substance. The number of successful reactions is dependable on many factors; these factors can also effect the speed of the reaction. The factors can be as simple as the temperature of the atoms, the higher the temperature is the more energy the atoms carry and thus more collisions are successful this in turn speeds up the reaction rate. You can add a catalyst to the reaction, which will speed it up. This type of reaction is called ionic bonding; ionic bonding is where electrons are transferred in the reaction between metals and non-metals, one atom loses electrons, which the other gains. This type of bonding produces giant lattices made of ions. Examples of these are magnesium oxide (MgO) and sodium chloride (NaCL). These substances have high melting and boiling points, only conduct electricity in a liquid state and are very strong. Another way is to increase the concentration of reactants. Concentration is the number of molecules present in a substance, therefore it is known as molecular concentration. The molecular concentration is the number of molecules of a particular substance per unit of volume. Due to the enormous number of molecules in a litre or other such volumes it is refereed to as a mole. A mole is the gram-molecular weight of a substance and also the number of molecules contained in a substance. An amount of any substance containing 6*1023 is called a mole. This means that one mole of water contains 6*1023 molecules of water. The number of moles in a substance is the weight of the substance divided by its molecular weight. The mass of a singular mole is called molecular mass. The molecular mass is the same as the relative atomic mass of the element or the same as the formula of a compound.
