Experiment To Investigate the Effect On the Rate of Reaction Caused By Changes In Temperature.

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Experiment to investigate the effect on the rate of reaction caused by changes in temperature.

 

Plan

       The Aim of this experiment is to investigate the effect on the rate of reaction caused by changes in temperature.

Safety

           Safety in this case includes:

  • The use of a heatproof mat
  • Sensible setup of equipment so that the desk is clear and everything is stable
  • Setting the bunsen to a safety flame while it is not in use
  • Wearing goggles while using hydrochloric acid and sodium thiosulphate
  • Wearing an apron to protect clothes

Fair Test

              To make any experiment a fair test, I must make sure that I wash and dry the apparatus after every test so that the substances do not get contaminated. Also, because the solutions are both clear it would help to use different sizes of measuring cylinder and beaker so that the two liquids can be distinguished

Equipment    

Theory

           The rate of reaction is the amount of a substance that takes part in a chemical reaction in a given time. The main thing that can change the rate of reactions is a catalyst because they provide an easier path to overcoming the activation energy. Concentration also affects reaction rate. A higher concentration increases the amount of particles that can collide. If reacting substances are heated, the rate of the reaction usually rises because the particles that make up the substance already have more energy. If they are cooled, the reaction slows down because the particles have less energy. In order to react, the particles in the substances must collide with each other. Heat gives them more energy to move around and so increases the chances of a collision. Also, if the particles are moving faster when they collide there is a higher chance of reaction, rather than just rebound off each other. Cooling obviously has the opposite effect.

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When dilute Hydrochloric Acid and Sodium Thiosulphate are mixed the following reaction occurs:

2HCl + Na2S2O3       2NaCl + SO2 + S + H2O

The reason I am going to investigate this reaction is that both reactants are liquid so they are more accurate than using a solid where surface is a factor. Also the product, sulphur is a solid that causes the liquid to become opaque. Therefore it is very easy to see when the reaction has ‘finished’ by having a tile with a cross which would be obscured after a certain amount of sulphur had ...

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